Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 12.djvu/715

* Mckinley. 633 MACKLIN. ritory through the methods of peace as well as through those of war. As the representative of these lines of policy, and as the one through whom especially these policies had been carried to a successful issue, iMcKinley gained a posi- tion of unusual prestige and was looked upon as embodying the successes which under his lead the people had achieved. In 1900 he was again nominated, and received 292 electoral votes, while Bryan, again his competitor, received only 155. Theodore Roosevelt was elected Vice-President. The mass of people came to regard JIcKinley with an esteem and a confidence rarely shown for so long a period to any public leader. He had in a high degree the ability to foresee the trend of public thought and so to shape his course as to render certain the public approval. Being able to ignore petty controversies, having a fine sense of relative pioprieties, and being a man of de- votion to high principles, he was regarded as preeminently a good man, while the events of his administration made it natural that he should be regarded by many as one of the few great Presidents. His untiring devotion to his invalid wife, Ida Saxton. whom he had married in 1871. and who survived him, aroused the admiration of the whole nation. In the full swing of triumph following his second inauguration and incident to a general recognition of the success of his work in the new possessions, the President was stricken by an assassin, Czolgosz (q.v.). while holding a public reception at the Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo, on September 6, 1901. On the day preceding the President had delivered an address on reciprocity, and just as he was pro- posing a policy which might have made his second administration fully as momentous as had been his first, his service was ended in an instant. The surgeons who were summoned operated almost im- mediately upon the wounded man, and thus made possible the fight for life which was then carried on, and at times with every prospect of success, until finally, on September 14th, the President passed away. With hope already restored, the actual end came so suddenly as to make a most profound impression both in this country and abroad, and the day of the burial was observed throughout the nation with unusual indications of grief and of deep sorrow. The interment was at Canton, where an appropriate monument is to be erected through general subscriptions. Xo adequate biography has been published. For a review of the public affairs during JIcKinley's Presidency, see the article on United States. Mckinley, :rorxT (called by the Russians Bolshaim. and by the Shushitna Indians Tralcy- fca). Tlie highest peak of Xnrth America. It is situated in South Central Alaska between the sources of the Kuskokwini and the Shushitna rivers, 150 miles north of the head of Cook Inlet (ilap: Alaska. E .3). It is covered with snow and surrounded by glaciers, and towers from the rough and saw-toothed ridge of the Alaska Mountains to the height of 20,464 feet above the sea. McKINTfEY. A city and the county-seat of Collin County. Texas. 31 miles north by east of Dallas; on the Houston and Texas Central and the Missouri. Kansas and Texas railroads (ilap: Texas. F 3). It has the McKinney Collegiate Institute, and a courthouse that cost $100,000. McKinney is surrounded by a pro- ductive farming section, and enjoj's a consider- able trade; its industrial establishments include cotton gins and compresses, cottonseed oil mills, fiour mills, carriage shops, etc. The city owns and operates the water-works. Population, in 1890, 2489; in 1900, 4342. MACKINTOSH. An overgarment which has been made waterproof by the application of a- solution of india-rubber. The name is derived from the inventor. See RuBBEE. MACKINTOSH, Sir James (1765-1832). An English philosopher, born at Aldourie, Inverness- shire. He studied at King's College, Aberdeen, where his most intimate companion v.as Robert Hall (q.v.), afterwards the celebrated Baptist preacher. From King's College he proceeded to Edinburgh in 1784 to study medicine; and hav- ing in 1787 obtained his diploma, settled in Lon- don, where for some time he supported himself by writing for the newspapers. The first wort that brought him into notice was his Vindicice GalliccE (1791), in reply to Burke's Reflections on Ihe French Revolution. In many respects it was considered greatly to have surpassed the philippic against which it was directed, and was not only lauded by the Liberals, but was highly esteemed by Burke himself. Fox, Sheridan, and other leading Whigs sought the author's ac- quaintance: and when the association of the "Friends of the People' was formed, he was ap- pointed secretary. About this time he began to turn his attention to the legal profession, and having in 1795 been called to the bar, soon at- tained high eminence as a forensic la^vyer. In 1799 he delivered before the benchers of Lincoln's Inn a course of lectures on the law of nature: and of nations which were attended by large au- diences. His defense of Peltier (February 21, 1803), charged with libel against Bonaparte, was- translated into French by Mme. de Stael, and scattered broadcast over Europe. In 1806 Mac- kintosh was appointed a judge of the Vice- Admiralty Court at Bombay, where he remained until 1811. After his return to England he en- tered Parliament as Whig member for Xairn (1813), accepted the professorship of law in the College of Haileybury in 1818. and in 1830 be- came a member of the hoard of control under the Grey ilinistry, when, as his last great political effort, he spoke in favor of the Reform Bill. MACK'LIN. Ch.rles (1097?-1707). An ac- tor and playwright, born, in Ireland in 1697 or a little earlier. His real surname was JIcLaughlin. After a reckless and wandering youth, he ap- peared in small parts at Lincoln's Inn Theatre, London (c.1730). Three years later he played important comic rOles at Drury Lane Theatre. In 1735 he quarreled with a brother actor, Hal- 1am, whom he accidentally killed. He was tried for manslaxighter, and convicted ; but he seems to have escaped imprisonment. After many quar- rels with Garrick he left Drury Lane ( 1744) and began to give lessons in acting, an occupation which he kept up almost to the end of his life. In 1744 he opened the Haymarket with a com- pany which he had trained. Macklin soon after this became the mainstay of Drtiry Lane. In 1753 he quitted the stage to open a tavern under the Piazza of Covent Garden. A bankrupt by 1758. he again returned to the stage, acting at various theatres till JIay. 1789. being then fully ninety years old. He died July 11, 1797, after