Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 12.djvu/684

MacCBACKEK. fessor of philosophy and vice-chancellor (under an honorary chancellor) in the University of the City of New York, and in 1891 became chan- cellor. Under his administration the institu- tion's name was changed to New York Univer- sity, the seat of the University College and School of Applied Science was removed to Uni- versity lleij;hts. New Y'ork City, the scope of its work extended, and the Hall of Fame for Great Americans (q.v.) was projected and built. Among his writings, besides many essays on philosophical and religious topics, are: A Metro- politan University (1892); Leaders of the Church Universal (1879); Popular Sermons (1875); John Cahin (1888).

McCRA'DY, Edward (1833—). An Ameri- can lawyer, soldier, and historian, born in Charles- ton, S. C. He studied at Charleston College, and in 18.5.5 was admitted to the bar in his native State, wlicre he took an active part in the secesjsion movenicnt and participated in the capture of Castle I'inokney and iu the bombardment of Fort Sumter. After the organization of the Confederate Government, he entered its military service as captain of the first company raised in South Carolina (.June 27. 1861), and rose to the rank of lieutenant-colonel. He was wounded at the second battle of Bull Run (August 30, 1802), and a few months later was so severely injured by a falling tree as to be incapacitated for further field service. After the -nar he became a mem- ber of the House in his State Legislature, and proposed the South Carolina election and regis- tration law, known as the Eight-Box Law. His principal works are: The History of South Caro- lina Under the Proprietary Government. HuO- 1719 (1897); The History of South Carolina Under the Royal Government, 1710-1770 (1899); and The History of South Carolina in the Revolu- tion, 1775-17 SO (1901).

McCRA'RT, George Wa.siii.xgton (1835—). An Anu-rican politician, born at Evanston, Ind. When he was about a year old his family removed to that part of Wisconsin Territory which later became the State of Iowa. He was admitted to the bar in 1856 and began to practice law at Keokuk. The next year he was elected to the State Legislature, and from 1801 until 1805 he was a member of the State Senate. From 1809 until 1S77 he ^^as a Republican member of Con- gress, where he served on the Committee on Re- vision of Laws, Naval Affairs, and Judiciary, and was chairman of the committees on Elec- tions and on Railroads and Canals. He drew up the law under which the I'nited States judiciary was reorganized, proposed the appointment of a joint committee to count the electoral vote at the time of the Tilden-Hayes controversy, and was largely instrumental in securing the passage of the Electoral Bill. He was Secretary of War from 1877 to 1879. but in the latter' year be- came judge of the Eighth United States "judicial district. He published The Anieriean Law of Elections (1875).

McCREA, ni'-kra', Jane (1753-77). An Ameri- can girl, who during the Revolutionary War met her death under circumstances which have given her nnme a place in history. She was born at Bedminster (now Lamington), N. J.: but after the death of her father, a Scotch Presby- terian clergyman, she lived near Fort Edward, N. Y., with her brother, and in July, 1777, at the time of Burgoj-ne's invasion, was visiting a Mrs. McNeil at this place. Her lover, David Jones, was an olBcer in a Loyalist regiment, and on the morning of July 27th seems to have sent a small party of Indians (under Duluth) to escort her within the English lines, where the two were to be married. Meanwhile another party of In- dians under the Wyandot Panther (or Wolf) captured her and ^Mrs. JlcNeil, and was closely pursued and fired upon by a party of Ameri- cans. Mrs. McNeil arrived in safety at the English camp, and on the next day a scalp, identified as that of Jane McCrea (whose body was found soon afterwards), was brought in; but the exact manner of her death was never defi- nitely known. The Indians claimed that she was shot accidentally, by the pursuing Americans, but it seems almost certain that she was killed by the Indians themselves, during a dispute over her possession between Panther and Duluth. The story of her death. emlicUishcd with many romantic de- tails, spread with wonderful rapidity, and so aroused the surrounding country that volunteers poured in from all sides to assist in the opera- tions against Burgoyne; while Burgoyne him- self, shocked at the liarbarity of his Indian al- lies, reproved them with such severity that most of them forthwith left his camp and refused further aid. Many versions of the story have appeared, all accounts, however, agreeing that the unfortunate girl w'as beautiful and highly accomplished, and a general favorite.

Mcculloch, nr-kfii'iA, bexjamix (181i- 02). An American soldier, born in Rutherford County, Tenn. He left school at the age of fourteen to become a hunter and river boatman; joined David Crockett (q.v.) and other adven- turous frontiersmen in 18.35 as a volunteer in the Texan war of independence, and .served with distinction in the battle of San Jacinto. After the war he settled at Gonzales as a surveyor, and in 1839 was elected a member of the Texan Congress. Ii 1840-41 he was engaged in fighting the Comanches, and in repelling Mexican border raids. He was a member of the first Texas State Legislature, and was appointed a major-general' of the State militia. In the Mexican War. he recruited a. picked force of Texan mounted rangers, served under Taylor at jMonterey and Buena Vista, and later performed valuable scout- ing dut}' during Scott's advance on the Mexican capital. After a few years' residence in Cali- fornia, he returned to Texas in 1852, and in the following year was appointed to the difficult and dangerous post of United States marshal for Texas. In 1857 he was one of the commissioners to settle the difficulties with the ilormons in Utah. At the outbreak of the Civil War he en- tered the Confederal p service, and was appoint- ed, in May. 1801, brigadier-general, and placed in command of the Indian Territory. He had scarcely organized his command, when he was ordered with it into ^Missouri to carry out the plan of winning that State for the Confederacy. He joined Genera! Sterling Price, and with him defeated the Federal forces under Gen. Nathaniel Lyon (q.v.) at Wilson's Creek. August 10, ISOl. After the battle he refused to order a pursuit of the Federal troops, and was superseded in the chief command by General Price. He continued in active service, however, commanded one of the Confederate wings under Gen. Earl Van Dorn (q.v.) at the battle of Pea Ridge, Ark. (q.v.).