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* LYTLE. 586 LYTTON. were edited vitli Memoir by Venable (Cincin- nati, lbiS4). LYTTELTON, lU"l-ton. A soaiiort of South Island, New Zealand, on I'ort Lyttelton, in the Province of Canterbury, five miles southeast of Cliristchureh (q.v.) (Map: New Zealand, D 5). It has extensive harbor aecomniodations, and is the outlet for the exports of the region. Popula- tion, in 1001. 4023. LYTTELTOU, Epward, Lord Lytteltox ( 1580-104.5 ) . An English jurist, born at Jluns- low. .Shropshire. He graduated at Oxford in lliOO, and was appointed Chief Justice of North Wales in 1021. In 1020 he was elected to Par- liament, in 10.31 was appointed Kecorder of London, and in 1034 was made Solicitor-Gen- eral. He was successfully advanced by the King to be Chief Justice of Common Pleas in 1040. Lord Keeper of the Great Seal in 1G41, and a peer in the same year. In 1042 he escaped with the Great Seal to Charles I. at York, in 1043 was required by Parliament to restore it on pain of losing his place, and in 1644 was ap- pointed First Commissioner of the Treasury. He was vacillating in character, and frequently incurred the distrust of both Parliamentarians and Koya lists. LYTTELTON, George, first Baron Lyttei.tox (1700-73). An English statesman and author. He was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford, entered Parliament in 17B0, held several high political offices, and distinguished himself in debate. Lyttelton was a friend of Pope and other literary men. and himself had once a con- siderable reputation as an author. Among his works are: Ohsrrrations on the Conversion and Apostleship of Saint Paul (1747), a treatise on Christian evidences; Dialor/iies of llie Dead (1700) ; and a History of Henry II. (1704-67), a work of great research, but now siiperseded. His verse, inferior to his prose, was chiefly in- eluded in Poetical Works (1785). LYTTELTON, George William, fourth liaron Lytteltu.v ( 1.S17-70). An English states- man and scholar, born in London. He was edu- cated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge. He was Under-Secretary of State in 1840. and later chairman of the Canterbury Association, which sent Church of England colonists to New Zealand; was principal of Queen's College. Bir- mingham, first president of the Birmingham and ^Midland Institute, a founder of the Saltby Training-School. a member of the Public Schools Inquiry CnUunission (ISOl). and Chief Commis- sioner 'of Endowed Schools ( 1809). He and Glad- stone married, on the same day, the sisters JIary and Catherine Glynn. He wrote Ephemera (1864- 72). Consult Gladstone, Brief Memorials of Lord Lyttelton (London, 1870). LYTTELTON, Sir Thoma.s. See Littletox, Sir Thomas. LYTTELTON, Thomas, second Baron Lyttel- ton (1744-70). An English politician, known as the "Wicked Lord Lyttelton," son of IJaron George Lyttelton. He was born at Hagley, and was edu- cated at Eton and at Christ Church, Oxford. In 1708 he was elected to Parliament, but almost immediately unseated on petition. In 1773 he took his seat in the House of Lords, after his father's death, and gained some reputation by his speeches. He is mentioned, for his vieious- ness, in Combe's Diaboliad. Because of his gen- eral views in politics and his vigorous style, and on account of the fact that he was unseated from Commons just before the first of the Letters, it has been argued that Lyttelton was the author of the Letters: of Junius. Consult the Quarterly h'eview, ol. xe. (London, 1852). LYT'TON, Edward George Earle Lytton Bulwer. See Bilwer-Lytton, Edward. LYTTON, Edward Robert Bulwer (1831- 01). A ]ioet and statesman, only son of the novelist Bulwer-Lytton (q.v.) and best known mider his ])seudonym Owen Meredith. He was born in London. November 8, 1831. He was educated at Harrow and at Bonn, where he devoted himself to modern languages. After long service as dijilomatist at Wasliington, where he was private secretary to his uncle. Lord Dalling (1840), at Florence," Paris, The Hague, Madrid, Vienna (1868-72), Constantinople, Lisbon, and other places, he was ap|)ointed by Lord Beacons- field to be Viceroy of India ( 1876). The memor- able events of his administration were the procla- mation of the Oueen as Empress of India, the great famine, and the Afghan War. A man of immense energj' and resources, he inaugurated many internal reforms in the (iovernment of India. In 1880 he resigned and returned to England. His administration of India was harsh- ly criticised. He was even accused of being a puppet of Downing Street. Time, however, wrought a change. His political opponents came to admire him. On the death of his father ( 187.'?) he became Baron Lytton. and in 1880 was made Earl of Lytton. In 1883 he published the first two volumes of a biography of his father. This biog- raphy, uiifoitunately, breaks otT with the year 1832. The son ^Nould have been put to a severe test had he candidly followed his father's career froui 1832 -on. From 1887 till his death, November 24, 1891, he was British Ambassador at Pari-. Among his many volumes of verse are: Vlylem- iiestra (1855); The Wanderer (1857), contain- ing his best lyrics; Lueile (1S60), a very pop- ular novel in verse, avowedly borrowed in part from George Sand's Larinia. Lueile is in rhyming anapipstic couplets, and therefore an interesting experiment in English literary history. Lytton himself rather disapproved of Lueile. Tnnn- hiiuser, written in collaboration with .Tulian Pane (1861), imitations of Tennyson; Serhski Pesme (1861), imitations of Servian songs; Orval, or the Fool of Time, a work of importance because it is the only English reflection of the mystical poetry of Poland that arose after the extinction of Polish liberty (1869); Fables in Sony (1874); Olenaveril' CiSSS), a novel in verse; and Kiny Poppy (1802). are his other most indicative works. Consult Selections from Poe7ns, with preface by Betham-Edwards (Lon- don. 1890). Consult also Balfour, History of Lord Li/tton's Indian Administration, 1S7G-1SS0 (London. 1899).