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* LYNX. 576 LYON. Godman, Ayncrican Saturul History (Philadel- phia, 1830) ; Kiehaidson, I'uuiia liorcaii Ameri- cana (London, 182'J) ; Lockington, in Utandurd Natural History, vol. v. (Boston, 1884) ; Stone and Cram, American Animals (New York, 1902) ; Lydekker, Koyul (or .Yeir) Kalural His- tory, vol. i. (London, 1895) ; Blyth, "ilonoyraph of the Species of Lynx," in the Journal of the Asiatic Society (Calcutta, 184G). Sec Colored Plate of Feud.e, accompanying the article Llox. LYOMERI, liom'e-rl (Xeo-Lat. nom. pi., from Gk. Xi/eif, lyein, to loose + /i^po^, meros, part). An onlcr of eel-shaped fishes, the 'gulp- ers,' of low organization, allied to the morays, which inhabit the deep sea, and are characterized by looseness and probably degradation of struc- ture. Their jaws are hinged to the cranium by so elastic ligaments, and all the bones of the head and shoulder girdle are so loose and cxpan- sil)le. that objects may be swallowed larger than the fish itself. Two families are recogniztd. the Saccopharyngida^ and Eurypharyngida;, each rep- resented in our waters lv a single species. LY'ON, David Gordon (18.52—). An Ameri- can Assyriologist, born at Benton, Ala., and ed- ucated at William .Jewell College in Missouri, at Howard College, Alabama, and at the University of Leipzig. He became Hoi lis professor of divinity at Harvard in 1882, and was recording secretary of the American Oriental Society (1880-9.5), and corresponding secretary of the Society of Biblical Literature (18fl4-99)." He was one of the first Americans to make a special study of Assyriology, and much of bis work has marked value. His publications include: Krilschriftlcxte Har- (jons Kijnifjs von Assyrian (1883), and An Assyr- ian Manual for the Use of Beginners (last ed. 1892). LYON, George Fr.o'cis (1795-1832). An English navy officer and traveler. He was born at Chichester, entered the navy at the age of thirteen, joined the squadron of Lord Exmouth which boml)arded Algiers in 1810, and in 1818 accompanied .Joseph Ritchie, the traveler, on his expedition to North Africa. After many priva- tions and perils in exploring the Sudan and the Niger, he returned to England in 1820, and in 1821, in command of the Becla, accompanied Capt. Parry on his voyage of discovery to Hud- son Bay. In 1 S24 he made an unsuccessful voyage with the flri/ier to the Arctic regions, and in 1820 he traveled in Mexico. He published .1 Narrative of Trarrls in Xorth Africa (1821), and Journal of a Residence and Tour in the lie- public of Mexico (1829). LYON, .Ton X (1514-92). An English yeoman, the founder of Harrow School, born at Preston, iliddlescx. He possessed ample me.ans and in- terested himself in the education of the poor. Tn 1571 Queen Elizabeth panted him a charter for a free grammar school for boys at Harrow, which was formally opened in 1011. LYON, :Mary (1797-1849). An American educator, through whose influence the movement for the higher education of women was begim. After having taught for a number of years, in 1830 Jliss Lyon became interested in the idea of a permanent seminary for girls, but the object was not appreciated. She then proposed to found an institution which should offer a thor- ough education on terms available to young wom- en of moderate means. To preserve habits of home industry, to inspire a spirit of true inde- pendence and wise economy, it was her plan th^t the domestic tasks of the household should be -j divided and arranged that each should perform a daily share without taking more time from stmly than was necessary to give healthful exercise. X^ sooner was this design announced than general ;n tenlion to it w as aroused. The money needed v, given with enthusiasm. South liadlc}', ik Mount Holyokc, was chosen as the site of !.-_ seminary. In 1837, buildings and neccssmy accommodations for eight}- puiiils being ncaily completed, the school o|)ened with more than that number. It was afterwards enlarged to receive three hundred pupils. The remaining twelve years of Mi.ss Lyon's life were devoted to tlii^ school. She wrote an account of the seminal y and a book called Tlic Missionary Offering. Cnn- sult her life by Edward Hitchcock, 1851. Consult also, Fiske, Uecrjllections of Mary Lyon (Boslmi. 1800). See Coeducatio.n ; Colleuiate Eulca Tiox FOE Women. LYON, iUTTiiEW (1740-1822). An .meric:in soldier and politician. He was born in W ick- low Comity, Ireland, and emigrated to New York in 1759, Unable to pay his passage, he w;i- committed by the captain to a farmer in Cmi necticut, with whom he .served several year- He subsequently removed to Vermont; became lieutenant in a eompanj' of 'Green Mountain Boys' in 1775, and was cashiered the latter jjurt of the year for deserting his post. In 1777 li' was temporary paymaster of the Northern ariii> and colonel of militia. He founded the town ' t Fairhaven, Vt., in 1783; built saw-mills and gri-i mills, established a forge, and established ;hm1 edited a paper called The Hcourge of Arislocrm >i and Repository of Important Political Trulh. making the types and paper himself. For tm years he was a member of the Vermont JjCgisla- ture, and in 1780 was judge of the Rutland County court. He became a zealous politician, and represented the Anti-Federalists in Congress in 1797 to 1801. In 1798 he was convicted of libel against President Adams, and was imprisoned for four months and fined .$1000, While in Con- gress, he had a violent personal encounter with Roswell Griswold of Connecticut. After the ex- piration of his term he removed in 1801 to Ken- tucky, flnd established the first printing-office in the State, He again sat in Congress from 1803 to 1811; built gunboats on speculation for the War of 1812. and became bankrupt. In 1820 he was appointed by President jlonroe United States factor of the Cherokee Indians in Arkaii- .sas. Consult McLaughlin. Matthew Lyon, the Hampden of Congress: A Biography (New York, 1900). LYON, Nathaniel (1818-01), An .merican soldier, prominent in the contest between the Unionists and Secessionists in Missouri immedi- ately preceding and in the early part of the Civil War. He was born in Ashford, Conn., graduated at West Point in 1841. served as second lieuten- ant in the Florida War in 1841-42, and in the Mexican War in 1840-47, participating during the latter in all the important battles of the South- ern campaign, and receiving the brevet rank of captain. From 1848 to 1S61 he was on frontier duty at various posts. He became a captain in 1851, and on February 7, 1801, was placed in command of the United States arsenal