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* LOOM. 450 LOON. 1887); Barlow, The Uislory and Principles of "Weaving by Hand and by Power (London, 1879) ; Posselt, Jacquard Machine Analyzed and Explained (Philadelphia, 1893) ; also Patent Of- fice Reports. See eavino. LOO'MIS, Alfred Lebbeus (18.'?1-9.)). An Araoiioan pliysioian. Horn at Bennington. Vt., lie was frradiuitpd from Union College in 1.S.51. lie studied medicine at the College of Physieians and Surgeons, Xew York, and was graduated in 1852. At this time the science of auscultation and per- cussion was develojiing very rapidly; and this circumstance, with perhaps the additional reason that he himself had a tuherculous tendency, led him to adopt diseases of the lungs and heart as his specialty. He was appointed visiting physi- cian to Beilevue Hospital in 1859, and became lecturer on physical diagnosis at the College of Physicians and' Surgeons in 18G2. Shortly after this his hcaltli lirokc <!own completely, and he spent six months in the Adirondacks. The bene- fit derived from his residence there led to the establishuii-nt. years later, of the sanatorium at Saranac and tiie Hospital for Consumptives at Liberty, N. Y. In 18CG he became professor of theory' and practice of medicine at the Univer- sity of the City of Xew Y'ork, with which institu- tio'n he was identified for the rest of his life. In five years Loomis had become the virtual head of the jledieal School of the Universit,v. and in ten years he had lifted it to the highest degree of p'rosperity it had ever known. His energy, skill, and reputation as a teacher refilled the students' benches, and pupils came to him from all parts of the United States. His services to the New Y'ork Academy of Medicine were no less notable. Professor Loomis was appointed visit- ing physician to jMount Sinai Hospital in 1874; was president of the Xew "ork Academy of !Medi- cine in 1880-90. and again in 1891-92. He pub- lished Lessons in Physical Diagnosis (New Y'ork, 1870) ; Lectures on Fevers (ib., 1877) ; and A Text-Book of Practical Medieitie (ib., 1884). He was, in addition, editor of An American, System of Medicine (Philadelphia, 1894). LOOMIS, Elias (1811-89). An American mathematician, born in Willington, Conn. He was educated at Y'ale College, graduating in 18.30 ; was tutor there for three ,vears, 1833-30; spent the next year in scientific investigation in Paris; on his return was appointed professor of mathe- matics in the Western Reserve College, Ohio; from 1844 to ISGO held the professorship of natural philosophy and mathematics in the Uni- versity of New York, and in the latter year returned to New Haven, where he held until his death the professorship of natural philosophy in Y'ale, and pursued his investigations in scientific and mathematical branches. Professor Loomis published (besides many papers in the American Journal of Science and in the Transactions of the American Philosophical Society) many te.xt- books on mathematics, all of them marked by accuracy and precision. He also published a genealoirical work, The Descendants of Joseph Loomis (1870). » LOOMIS, CxU.sT.wrs (1789-1872). An Ameri- can soldier, born at Thetford, Vt. He graduated at West Point in 1811. entered the army as sec- ond lieutenant of artillerists, and. after doing garrison duty in the Harbor of New Y'ork in 1812-13, was ordered in the latter year to the Niagara frontier. He assisted in the capture of Port George (ilay 27, 1813), and was made; prisoner at Fort Niagara on December 19lh fol- lowing. After the war with Great liritaiu he served in various capacities in dillerent parts of the country. In 1832-33, during the Black Hawk War, he was in garrison at Port Craw- ford, Wis., in 1837 and 1850-58 served against the Seminole Indians, and in 1857-58 com- manded the Department of Florida. During the Civil War he was superintendent of the general recruiting service, in 1803 was retired from ac- tive service with rank of colonel of infantry, and in 1865 received the brevet of brigadier-general U. S. A. LOOMIS, Silas Lawkence (1822—). An American scientist and educator. He was born in Coventry, Conn. ; graduated from Wcsleyan in 1844, and, in medicine, from tJeorgetown University in 185G. Previous to his study at Wesleyan, he had taught at Holliston Academ,v. Mass.; after graduation he was jjrincipal of Western Academy, Washington, D. C, and sub- sequently became profes.sor of ph,ysiology (1859- GO) at Georgetown. He was astronomer to the United States Coast Survey in 1857, and in- structor in mathematics to naval cadets in 1860. From 1801 to 1867 he was professor of chemistr,y and toxicology at Cieorgetown, and was after- wards a professor in lloward University. To Dr. Loomis are ascribed the invention of a process for ]i reducing a textile fabric from palmetto, a method for utilizing ores of chromium, and va- rious improvements in instruments of precision. Besides contributions to periodicals, his works include Xormal Arithmetic (1859), Analytical Arithmetic (18G0), and Key to the Normal • Course (1867). LOON, 16-on'. The largest town of Ihe isl- and of Bohol, Philippines (Map: Philiiipine Islands, H 10). It is picturesquely situated on the extreme western coast, about 16 miles north- west of Tagbilaran. Between the town and San- digan Island, three miles to the north, is a well- sheltered anchoring ground. Population, in 189G, 1.5,305. LOON (archaic loom, from Icel. lOmr. loom; confused with loon, ODutch loem, stujiid fellow). In North America, a water-bird of the family Gaviada?, especially the 'great northern diver' {Gavia imber). In Great Britain the word is often pronounced loom and is locally applied to the grebes. Arctic seamen, moreover, give this name to the guillemot {Uria lontvia), whose crowded nesting colonies on the cliffs they term 'loomeries.' The loon is a bird as large as a goose, with a checkered black and white plumage of hard close feathers, rather short wings and tail, and a straight, strong, black beak, preserving the type perfected in the ancient fish-catching diver Hesperomis (q.v., for comparative illustra- tions) ; the head and neck are iridescent violet and green, with a collar of white streaks; the breast and abdomen pure white. It is a denizen of the subarctic belt of the Northern Hemi- sphere, where it breeds niunerously about all the fresh-water lakes, ponds, and rivers, making a very slight nest on the ground and la.ving two greenish eggs, unspotted. In America, loons breed as far south as the Great Lakes, but are most numerous about Hudson Bay and in Alaska, J