Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 12.djvu/448

LOCUST-TREE. and pleasant, but reputed as inducing diarrhoea when recently gatliered. A fermented deeoetion is used as l)e«r. .See t'AROB; HoNEY-LocusT; and Plate accompanying Lime-Tree.

LOCUST-TREE INSECTS. The insects that attack the locust (/{uhiiiiu psetidacacia) are numerous, and the tree suiters from some of them very seriously in certain parts of the United States. I'orty-one species of insects feeding upon this tree are treated in Packard's Report on For- est Insects. Of those which affect the trunk, the locust-borer, the larva of a long-horned beetle (Cyllcne robinice). is one of the most imjjortant. It is a black beetle with yellow transverse bands, and, like its near relative (Cyltenc picttts) which infests the hickory, has a superficial resemblance to certain wasps, and has thus liecn cited as a case of protective mimicry. Anotlier borer, the lan'a of a sesiid niotli {Sci<iptiron robini(r). is destructive to locust-trees as well as to i)opIars on the Pacific coast; and the locust twig-borer (Ecdiitolupha insiticiana) causes a thickened growth of certain twigs for a distance of from one to three inches. The adult of this species is a tortricine moth. ( See Leaf-Roller. ) Many of the leaf-feeders are leaf-rollers and leaf-miners, but the larva of a very striking Initterlly known as the 'locust-skipper' {Eiidniniis tili/nis) has this habit also. A leaf-mining beetle (Odontota scutcllaris) disfigures the leaves with its larval mines throughout the Eastern States. The larva of the locust saw-fly {Xcnititus siniilaris) feeds upon the leaves and occasionally defoliates trees. Consult Packard, Fifth Report of the United Slates Entomological Commission (Wash- ington, 1890).

LODE (AS. lad, way, course, from lijian, Goth. leipan, OIIG. Ildan, to go. to travel). A miners' term for veins in which minerals occur. They are crevices, more or less vertical, produced by contraction or meclianieal disturbaiue of the rock, which have subsequently been tilled with metallic ores. See Ore Deposits; Mining; Com STOCK Lode. '

LO-DE'BAR. A place in Gilead which (if the reading be correct) was the residence of ilachir. son of Ammiel, with whom Jtmathan's son, Mephibosheth, lived at the beginning of David's reign ( IL Sam. ix. 4-.')). Machir and Lo-debar are mentioned again in chapter xvii. 27 in connection with David's flight in consequence of Absalom's rebellion. Probably the same place is meant in Joshua xiii. 2(i (cf. Revised Version, margin), and some authorities think it is re- ferred to in Amos vi. 13. The location has not been identified. A village, Idbar, seven miles east of Mkes ( Gadara ) has been suggested.

LODEMAN, Ifi'df-man, Ernest Gustavus (1807-90). An American horticulturist and au- thor. He was born in Xeuchntel. Switzerland, but came to America with his parents in 1870, his father having been appointed professor of modern languages in the Jlichigan State Xormal School. He was graduated from the Agricultural College of Michigan in 1889. In 1890 he became assistant to Prof. L. H. Bailey in Cornell L'niversity and shortly afterwards instructor in that institution. While there he originated the spray calendar, a placard which gives in concise form approximate dates for spraying insect and fungous enemies of various crops, together with formulre for pre- paring the principal fungicides and insecticides. He also published the results of many investi- gations in bulletins of the Cornell Agricultural Experiment Station. The iSprayimj of Plants (Xew York, 1890), his only book, was ])repared after cnmprcliensive field work, and embraces not only the results of his exhaustive studies at home and al)road, but all that was then consid- ered valuable on the subject.

LODER'S GAZELLE. See Gazelle.

LODESTAR, LOADSTAR (lode, AS. lad, way, course + star), Leaui.ng Star, or Guiding St.r. Terms applied to the Pole-star, which is the last star in the tail of the Little Bear. It is a star of the second magnitude, located about 1" 20' from the North Pole.

LODESTONE, or LOADSTONE. See Magnetite.

'LODEVE, 16'dev'. The capital of an arron- disscment in the Department of Herault. France, situated in a beautiful valley on the Ergue. 30 miles northwest of Montpellier by rail (ilap: France, K 8). It retains its mediieval walls and has a cathedral dating from the thirteenth cen- tury. It is noted for its manufactures of army clothing and woolens. Lodeve is the Gallic Luteva and the Roman Forum Neronis. Previous to the Revolution it was the seat of a bishop. Cardinal Fleurv was a native of Lodfeve. Popu- lation, in 1900, 8200.

LODGE, Edmund (1"56-1839). An English biographer and historian, born in London. He held various heraldic positions, and his studies in that field include: Illustrations of Brilish History, Biography, and Manners in the Reigns of Henry 17//., Edward VI., Mary, Eli::aheth, and James I. (1791), a selection from contem- porary manuscripts in the College of Arms; Por- traits of Illustrious Personages of Great Britain (1814), a work costing more than £40.000; and The Genealogy of the Existing British Peerage (last ed. 1859). Lodge's Peerage is not Lodge's work; he merely lent his name to the compilers, the Misses Innes.

LODGE, Gonzales (1863—). An American classicist, born at Fort Littleton, Pa. He re- ceived the bachelor's degree from .Johns Hop- kins in 1883. and his doctorate in 1886. From 1889 to 1900 he was professor of Latin in Bryn Mawr, and afterwards became professor of Cireek and Latin in the Teachers College at Columbia L^niversity. He was joint author of the Gilder- sleeve-Lodge Latin Grammar (New York, 1894); editor of Plato's Gorgias (Boston, 1891); and was also made managing editor of the Gildcr- sleeve-Lodge Latin Series. In 1902 his great Lexicon to Plautus began to appear in parts.

LODGE, Henry Cabot (1850—). An American politician, orator, and man of letters, born in Boston, May 12, 1850. He was graduated from Harvard College in 1871 and from the Law School of Harvard University in 1875. From 1873 to 1876 he edited the North American Review and the following three years was lecturer on American history at Harvard. He then (1879) became editor of the International Reineu-, which post he held till 188L About this time he entered political life: besides serving in the JIassachusetts Legislature, 1880-81, he was a delegate to the Republican National Conventions of 1880 and 1884. In 1886 he was elected to the National House of Representatives.