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* LITTLEDALE. 330 LITTLE RED RIDING-HOOD. of England, 1850; after a few years of parochial service in Loudon, where he interested himself in charities, he resigned his charge in lsti2 and devoted himself to authorsliip, making a special study of liturgies and of the relations between the national Church and dissenting bodies. He was author of many works, including Catholic liitual in the Church of England, Scriptural, Heusonable, and Laurful (186.5) ; Church Reform (1870); Plain Reasons Against Joining the Church of Home (1880). He also contributed much to the periodicals, and was editor of the Church Tiuies. LITTLE DORRIT. A novel by Charles Dick- ens, which appeared serially from 1855 to 1857, and the nickname of its heroine, Amy Dorrit. The scene is laid in the Marshalsea Prison, where Amy's father. Yilliam Dorrit, is confined for ' debt so long that he gains the title of 'Father of the Marshalsea.' When he is finally set free, his daughter marries Arthur Clennani in the prison. LITTLE-ENDIANS. See BigEndia.s. LITTLE ENGLAND. A name given to Bar- bados. LITTLE FALLS. A city and the county-.seat of Morrison County, ilinn., 96 miles northwest of Minneapolis, on the Mississippi River, and on the Northern Pacific Railroad (Map: Jlinnesota. Do), it has a city library, and a fine hospital and court-house. Little Falls is the commercial centre for a productive agricultural and lumber- ing district, and manufactures lumber, paper, flour, beer, agricultural implements, and bricks. The dam across the river here furnishes extensive water-power. First settled in 1849, Little Falls was incorporated in 1889. The government, under a charter of 1902, is vested in an annually elected mayor and a municipal council. Popula- tion, in 1890, 2354; in 1900, 5774. LITTLE FALLS. A city in Herkimer Coun- ty, N. Y., 21 miles east by south of Utica, on the Mohawk River, the Erie Canal, and the New York Cent-ral and Hudson River and the West Shore railroads (Map: New Y'ork, F 2). It has a picturesque location on the slope of a narrow and rocky defile, flowing through which the river falls 45 feet in less than a mile, forming a num- ber of cascades — the origin of the city's name. Good water-power has contributed to the develop- ment of the city as a manufacturing centre; its products include bicycles, knit goods, knitting machinery, paper, leather, furnaces, carriages, etc. The city has a public school library of 5000 volumes and a city hospital. There are municipal water-works. A small settlement here was destroyed by the Indians and Tories in .Tune, 1782, and the place was not resettled until 1790. Little Falls was incorporated as a village in 1811, reincorporated in 1827, and in 1895 was char- tered as a city. On the outskirts is the grave of General Herkimer, of Revolutionary fame, with a monument erected in 1896. Population, in 1890, 8783: in 1900. 10,381. LITTLE GENTLEMAN IN VELVET. The name under which, in the reign of Queen Anne, toasts were frequently drunk by the .lacobiles to the mole which was the ultimate cause of the death of William IIL The King's horse stumbled against a mole-hill, throwing his rider, whose injuries brought on the illness of which he died in 1702. LITTLE GIANT. A nickname applied to Stephen A. Douglas, referring to his great intel- lect combined with small size. LITTLE JOHN. A companion of Robin Hood, the lieutenant of the band of outlaws. His real name is said to have been .John Nailor. He was exceedingly powerful, and was the only mem- ber of the band who could vie with the chief in shooting. LIT'TLEJOHN, Aisram Newkirk (1824- 1901). liisbop of Long island. He was born in Florida, N. Y. ; w-as graduated at Union College ill 1845; ordained deacon in the Protestant Epis- copal Church in 1848 and priest in 1849; was rector of Christ Church, Springfield, ilass., in 1850; of Saint Paul's Church in New Haven, 1851-00, and at the same time lecturer on Pastoral Theology at Berkeley Divinity School, Jliddletown, Conn. : rector of the Church of the Holy Trinity in Brooklyn, N. Y., 1800-09. The diocese of Long Island having been constituted in 1868, Dr. Littlejohn was elected its bishop and was consecrated in 1869. He was appointed in 1874 to take charge of the American Episcopal churches in Europe. During the incumbency of this charge, he consecrated the Church of Saint Paul's Within the Walls, Rome, and opened the American Church in Paris. Besides contributions to periodicals, sermons, charges, etc, he pub- lished Individualism, Discourses Before the Uni- versity of Cambridge, England (1880), and The Christian Ministry at the Close of the Nineteenth Century (1884), lectures before the General Theological Seminary, New York. LITTLE KANAWHA, ka-na'wi. A river of West Virginia, flowing into the Ohio at Parkers- burg (Map: West Virginia, C 3). Its length is little over 100 miles. It is of some importance as an outlet for the products of the lumljer and oil regions through which it flows, ."^lack-water navigation for 40 miles to Burning Springs has been procured bv means of locks and dams. LITTLE LORD FATJNT'LEROY. A popu- lar child's story by Fiances H. Burnett, origi- nally published in the Saint icholns Magazine (1885). The title character has given its name to a certain type of child and to a style of dress. LITTLE MAC. A nickname given by his sol- diers to Gen. George B. McClellan. LITTLE MAGICIAN. A nickname of Presi- dent Martin Van Buren, given because of his skill in pcilitics. LITTLE NELL. In Dickens's Old Curiosity S/io/), a child brought up in the midst of vice and crime, who preserves the beautiful purity of her character in spite of her surroundings, g^ie is the constant companion of her old grandfather, and with him wanders oil" to escape Quilp, finally dying in a country cottage. LITTLE PHIL. A nickname given by his soldiers to Gen. Pliilip TT. Sheridan. LITTLE RED RIDING-HOOD. A well- known fairy tale. Though a very old story, it appears for the first time in its present form in Charles Perrault's Contcs du tcmjis pnssi'. pub- lished in 1097. as "Le petit chaiieron rouge." Perrault wrote the tales from a nurse's story, it is said: but they liecaine known in France through Straparola's tales in Piaceroli iioUi. pub- lished in 1550. and Basile's Pentamerone of 1637.