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* LELAND STANFOKD UNIVERSITY. 115 LELEWEL. Mrs. Stanford deeded to it almost the wliole of the residue of the estate, including the Stanford residence in Sau Francisco, making the total en- dowment about .$30,000,000. The main part of the endowment included in the gifts of ilrs. Stan- ford consists of interest-bearing securities. Dur- ing several years a suit by the United States Government involving such securities seriously crippled the institution and threatened its ex- istence, but was finally decided in favor of the university. It was for the most part relieved from the taxation of its property, through an amendment to the State Constitution ratified in 1900. The university lies 33 miles southeast of San Francisco in the Santa Clara Valley, its site covering about 9000 acres, affording views of the Bay of San Francisco, the ocean, and the ilonte Diablo and Santa Cruz ranges. The architecture is a modification of the style of the old Spanish missions. The central build- ings, of buff sandstone, with roofs of red tile, constitute two quadrangles, one surrounding the other, of which the inner was completed in 1891, and contains twelve one-story buildings and an imposing court 580 feet long by 240 feet wide. Tlie outer quadrangle, consisting in the main of two-story buildings, connected by an arcade, was begun in 1898 with the Assembly Hall, Library, and Memorial Arch, and the buildings necessary to complete the quadrangle were either completed or in course of construction in 1903. The mu- seum, chemistry building, dormitories, gynina- siiun, and University Inn, a university commons leased and managed by the students, occupy detached structures. The grounds about the university are reserved for experimental and ornamental purposes and for residences of the faculty. The university maintains departments of Greek, Latin. Germanic languages. Romance lan- guages, English, philosophy, psychology, educa- tion, history, economics and social science, law, drawing, mathematics, physics, chemistry, bot- any, physiologj' and hygiene. zoiUogy, geology and mining, and civil, mechanical, and elec- trical engineering. The Hopkins Laboratory of Natural History at Pacific Grove, on the Bay of Monterey, is a branch of the biologi- cal work of the university. The degrees con- ferred are Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Laws, Master of Arts, Engineer, and Doctor of Philos- ophy. No honorary degrees are given. The ordi- nary class divisions are not recognized by the uni- versity, and degrees are conferred without regard to the time spent, whenever the requirements are met. Each student selects as his major subject the work of some one department, to which, to- gether with the necessary minor subjects, he is required to devote about a third of his under- graduate course. All the rest of the undergrad- uate work is elective, but the professor in charge of the major subject acts as the student's educa- tional adviser. In the matter of entrance require- ments the attempt has been made from the outset to insist upon an adequate preparatory training without prescribing particular subjects, and to recognize cverytliing of disciplinary value in the schools. The only prescribed requirement for admission is English composition, comiting two credits of the 1.5 necessan- for full standing. For the remaining 13 credits the student may offer the requisite number selected from 29 different subjects, to which values are assigned. These subjects include, besides those usually re- quired for entrance examinations, Spanish, the natural sciences, physiography, mechanical and free-hand drawing, wood-working, forge work, foundry work, and machine-shop work. The at- tendance in 1903 was 1483, of whom about .500 were women. There were 119 graduate students. The faculty numbered 130. The library in 1903 num- bered 75,000 volumes, including the Hopkins rail- way library, a valuable Australasian librarj-, and the Hildebrand collection of works on Germanic philolog}' and literature. In connection with the librarj', a course is given in general bibliography. The Leland Stanford Junior Museum is the out- growth of collections begun by the son of the founders. The university has a philological and a science association, and offers frequent public lectures on subjects of general interest. The con- trol of the institution is vested, after the death of the surviving founder, in a board of fifteen trustees appointed for ten years, but the charter jirovides that the founders, during their lives, shall "perform all the duties and exercise all the powers and privileges enjoined upon and vested in the trustees." By an act of the Legis- lature, passed in March, 1903. Mrs. Stanford, the surviving founiler, is authoiized to turn over to the trustees, during her lifetime, the full manage- ment and control of the institution. The build- ing up and development of the university is due largely to the work of David Starr Jordan, who has been its only president. LEL'EGES (Lat., from Gk. eyes). In the Iliad, a tribe in southwestern Troas, allies of the Trojans. In historic times the name .seems to have been applied to a tribe allied to the Carians. Herodotus does not distinguish between them ; others declared they inhabited the coast of Asia Minor north of Ephesus. while tlie Carians dwelt to the south. The Carian Philip of Theangela declared the Leleges to be slaves of the Carians. Owing probably to similarity in names, or pos- sibly to dim reminiscences of historic events, a common Greek tradition identified the Leleges (and Carians) with the pre-Greek population of the islands and even the mainland. Some mod- ern scholars use this name, like that of the Pelas- gians, to denote the inhabitants of Greece and the islands in the Stone Age, and in pre-Mj'ce- naean times. LELEUX, le-le', Adolphe (1812-91). A French engraver and genre painter. He was born in Paris, and began as an engraver and lithog- rapher, but won distinction as a painter. His pictures represent scenes of life in Brittany, Northern Spain, and Algeria, and in the streets of Paris during the Revolution of 1848. He re- ceived the cross of the Legion of Honor in 1855. His "Wedding in Brittany." and "Mot d'Ordre," a scene of the barricades of 1848. are in the Lux- embourg. — His brother Akmaxd (1818-85) was born in Paris, studied under Ingres and in Italy. but turned his attention to genre painting. He had a finer appreciation of picturesque scenes than Adolphe, but less humor and ])ower of expres- sion. He took a first-class medal in 1859. and entered the Legion of Honor in 1860. The Lux- embourg Museum contains his "Captichin Phar- macy in Rome." and "Protestant Marriage in Switzerland." LELEWEL, lel'ev-el, Joachim (1786-18611. A Polish historian, born at Warsaw. He studied at Vilna, and became lecturer of history at the