Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 11.djvu/840

LANOLIN. LANOLIN (from Lat. luna, wool + oleum, oil), or AuEPS LAXJi Hydrosus. The purified fat of the wool of the sheep, mixed with not more than 30 per cent, of water. It is a white fatty substance, insoluble in water, not subjec't to de- composition, and not irritating to the skin. It is used as an emollient, and also as a base for various ointments. LA NOTJE, la noo', Fbancois de, called Bbas DE Feb { 1.').U!»1 ). A celebrated Huguenot sol- dier, born at Xantes. He was educated in arms, and after seeing .service in Italy, was placed at the Court of Henry II. at the age of eighteen, and there iM-came a Protestant through the intlu- ence of D'Andelot. After the massacre of Vassey, he joined the great t'ond^. He took part in the battle of Dreux, where Condf was made pris- oner, and assisted Coligny in conducting the re- treat. He afterwards served under variois Hu- guenot leaders and gained a great reputation for bravery, prudence, and humanity. In 1.509 he was captured at lloncontour. l)ut was soon after exchanged. In 1.570 he lost his left arm at the siege of Fontcnay-le-Comte, and had its place supplied with an iron one — hence his sobriquet. In 1.571 La Xoue went to the assistance of the Dutch Protestants. an<l was captured by Alva at Mons, and sent a prisoner to Charles IX. of France. He was kindly treated by the King. E.scaping before the massacre of Saint Bartholo- mew, La X'oue rallied the Huguenots after that fatal event and fortified La Rnchelle. After the Peace of Bergerac put an end to the religious war for the time. La Xoue commanded in Hol- land (1578). In 1580. however, he was again captured by the Spaniards, and remained for five years a prisoner in the Castle of Limburg, where he composed his Discoiirs polilirities et militaires (Ba.sel. 1587). In 1580 he aided in the defense of Geneva against the Duke of .Savoy, and a little later he was permitted to return to his own country. He immediately resumed command in the Huguenot army under Henry of Navarre, and rendered brilliant service at the siege of Paris, at Arques. and at Ivrv. He was mortally wounded at the siege of Lamballe. in Brittany, and died a few days later at Moncontour. Au- gust 4, 1501. His Correspon(3<i)wp was published at Paris (1854). Consult Vinien. Lcs h^os de la reforme: Fr. de la Noue 'Paris, 1875). LANS'DELL, Henby (1841—). An English clergy-man. editor, and traveler, born at Ten- terden, Kent. He was educated by his father, and at the Saint .lohn's Divinity College, High- bury, was ordained in 1807, and the following year was made a curate at Greenwich. He was stationed successively at Blackheath, Eltham, and Plumstead from" 1885 until 1891, with in- termissions of travel in four continents. His journeys were undertaken for the purpose of visiting missionary stations, hut he also in- spected foreign prisons, and made collections of plants. He was founder and editor of the Clerfuf- mnn (1875-86). and the author of Thrnufih f^i- Irria (1882); Thrmitjh Centrnl Asia (1887); and Chinrae Central Aain (1893). After these travels he settled down as chapliin of Morden College, Blackheath. LANS'DOWNE. GEonnE Gbanvtt.le (or Grejt- VILLE), Lord (1007-1735). An English poet and dramatist. He went to school in France, but graduated at Trinity College, Cambridge. Born into a family conspicuous for loyalty to the Stuart kings, he dedicated his earliest ver.se to the Duchess of York, afterwards the wife of James II. During the ascendency of the Whig Party he found consolation in the society of greater poets — Dryden, Pope, Addison, Wycherley — and in writing successful plays, such as The ISiitish Enchanters, for Betterton and other ac- tors. By the death of an elder brother he became the head of his family, was created a peer of the realm, and taken into the Privy Council of Queen Anne (1712), but three years later, under George I., he was suspected of Jacobite plotting and sent to the Tower for two years. In mature manhood (Granville was a consistent Tory, not a rabid Jacobite; but, fearful of further impris- onment and desirous of economizing, he withdrew to Paris ( 1722), where he remained for ten years, engaged chiefly in writing elegant prose and re- vising his inferior poetry. On his return to Eng- land he six-nt the remainder of his life in retire- ment, a polished, generous, lovable gejitleman, patron of tlie poets and the last Lord Lansdowne. LANSDOWNE, Henky Chables Keith Petty-Fitzmaurice, fifth Marquis of (1845—). A British statesman. The eldest son of the fourth ilarquis, he succeeded to the ancient family titles and estates on his father's death in 1806.' After education at Eton and Balliol Col- lege, O.xford, and service as a captain of Yeo- manry cavalry, he entered early on a political career as a Liberal. From 1808 to 1872 he was a Lord of the Treasury, and from 1872 to 1874 I'nder-Secretary for A'ar. In 1883 he received the appointment of Under-Secretary for India from Mr. Gladstone, but resigned shortly after- wards as a protest against the Government's Irish Bill on Compensation for Disturbance. In 1883 he succeeded the Marquis of Lome as Gov- ernor-General of Canada, his period of service until 1888 being most successful and popular; it was marked by the completion of the Canadian Pacific Railway, an amicable arrangement of the Xorth American fisheries dispute, and by the suppression of Kiel's Rebellion. From Canada he proceeded as Viceroy and Governor-General to India, where he remained until 1893. In 1895 he entered the JIarquis of Salisbury's Cabinet as Secretary for War. and in 1900 was appointed Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. He has been the recipient of several honorary academic degrees, and other distinctions, including in 1883 the Knight Grand Cross of Saint Michael and Saint George. LANSDOWNE, , third Marquis of (1780-1863). An English states- man. He was born at Lansdowne House. Lon- don, and was a younger son of Karl Shelburne, Premier of George III., who received the coronet of a marquis in 1784. Lord Henrv Petty was sent to W^estminster School, and afterwards to Edinburgh. He took his degree at Trinity Col- lege. Cambridge, in 1801. and, when barely of age. entered Parliament as member for Caine. He turned his attention to finance, and on Pitt's death became, at the age of twenty-five. Chancel- lor of the Exchequer, in the Administration of Lord Grenville. In 1809 he succeeded his half- brother in the marquisate, became one of the heads of the Liberal Party in the House of Lords, and during a long opposition was a consistent advocate of Parliamentarv reform, the aboli