Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 11.djvu/800

* LAMPMAN. 726 LAMPSACUS. he taught school for a lew months, and then entered the Government post-oHice at Ottawa. His published volumes comprise Among the Mil- let, ami (llhcr I'ocms (1888), and Lyrics of Earth (IS'Jo). hainpman died at Ottawa, Feb- uiarv 10, 18!)".). Consult the I'doiix, ed. with a memoir by ]). C. Scott (Toronto, I'.tOO). LAMPONG, lani-pOng'. A Malay people of somewhat mi.ed blood, inhabiting Southern Su- matra. The Lampong have developed in a higli form the Malayan village system, and are other- wise notewortliy from a sociological point of view. They are said to be very faithful in mar- riage, LAMPOON' (Fr. lampoit, from lampons, first per. pi. of lamper, to drink, from OF. luplKT, taper, from .S. lapinu. Eng. lap: con- nected with Ice], lepja, OHG. laffaii, Lat. lambere, to lick, connected with Lat. labium, Pers. lab, lip). A term applied to any stinging satire writ- ten with a direct purijose to vex, reproach, or abuse particular individuals, as distinguished from satire directed against vice and folly. Us use probalily arose from the fact that drinking songs often contain personal abuse or satire which is allowed to pass unnoticed when the writer or singer has been drinking deejily. LAMPBECHT, l-im'preKt, Karl (1850—). A Oernian historian, born at Jessen, near Wittenberg, and educated at Giittingen, Leip- zig, and l[unich. In 1855 he was appointed professor at lionn, five years after at Marburg, and in 1892 at Ix'ipzig. His writings, which deal with history from the side of culture and civiliza- tion, include: Bcitriirie ziir (Irschirhlc lies fraiizij- sischen ^ irlschaftslcbciis iiii rifrii •Jahrhuiiilcrt (1878); Dcutschcs Wirtsrhaftslcbcn im Miltcl- alter (188(5); Die romische Frage von Kiinig Pippin 6i.« aiif Kaiser Ltidwig den Frommcn (1889) ; Die kulturhistorisehc Slethode (1900) ; and Zur jiingsten deiitschcn Vergangcnheit (1901), besides numerous contributions to the ^yrstdc>llsclle Zcitschrift fiir Geschichte und Kunst. which he founded in 18S2. LAMPRECHT THE PRIEST. A Prankish ))oet. Little is known of his life. He is the author of a Middle-Frankisli poem known as the AlcxanderUtd, a life of Alexander the Great, made up of every incident, legendary or histori- cal, that he could collect. It was written about ll.SOi and is based on a French original by Aubry de Besancon. The Alexandrrlird was published by Weismann. with a translation, in 1850 (Frankforton-the-JIain). There is also a mod- ern High .German version by Ottmann in Hendel's Bibliothek dvr desumtlitteratiir (Halle. 1S98). liAMPREY (OF.. Fr. lamproie. It. Inmpreda, from ilL. himpreda. lampetra, lamprey, from Lat, lambere, to lick + petra, rock; in allusion to the fish's habit of attaching itself to rocks by it« suctorial mouth). An eel-like animal of the family Petromyzontid;r. of the class Marsipo- hranchii (q.v. ) or round-mouth eels. Lampreys, or 'lamperns,' are characterized by (he possession of a circular mouth formed for sucking instead of true jaws. They are eel-shaped and have no scales. There are seven roundish gill-orifices on each side, through which the water is expelled, thus effecting respiration. They attach them- selves to stones and other objects by their sucker- mouths, and also to fishes, from which they scrape the flesh by their rasping teeth. They will also eat other small animals or even dead matter. There are seven genera and about fifteen species. Lampreys generally ascend rivers or brooks at the s])awning season, and afterwards many of the individuals die. The lampreys imdergo a metamoriihosis, the young differing from the adult in the rudimentary eyes, absence of teeth, larger brain, and other structural cliar- acters. These larval forms have been described PS different genera. No undoul)te<l fossil renniins of lampreys are known; they have no hard structures except the 'teeth' to be preserved. The common marine or 'great-sea' lamprey (Fetromyzon marinus) occurs in both Europe and THE OREAT-SEA LAMPREV. 1. Outline of the animal. 2, Su<;kinK mouth; e, snctorial buccal teeth; m.Y. iiinxillar.v tooth: 1. litiKUal tooth; ttul, mandibular tooth. 3. Longitudinal Bcctiun ot mouth and throat. America, and attains a length of three feet. The small lamprey common in the lakes and streams of the Mississippi Valley is lehthyomyzon. con- color. Another s])ecies, common in Europe, is humpetra /lurialilis. The lampreys are highly regarded as food by some people. For an ex- tended description of their structure and habits, constilt Goode, Fishery Industries, sec. i. (Wash- ington, 1884). See Plate of Lampreys and Doo- IISII. LAMPRID'ITJS, .Elius. A Latin historian and biographer, wlio lived in the reigns of Dio- cletian and of Constantine the Great. He was one of the writers of the Hcriptores Ilistoriw Augustm. in which his name is prefixed to the Lives of Comniodus, Antoninus, Diadumenianus, Elagabalus. and Alexander S<'vertis. According to some authorities he also contributed the biog- raphies of Marctis Aurelius, Lucius Verus, Pertinax, Albinus, and Macrinus. Consult Peter's text of the f<criplores Hisloriec Augusta: (Leip- zig, 1884), and the English translation by Ber- nard (London, 1740). See also Aucu.ST.v:^ History. LAMP'SACTJS (Lat., from Gk. Xdn^aKos, Lampsalcos) (the modern l.apsnl.i ). An ancient city of Mysia, situated on the Hellespont, where it begins to widen into the Piopontis. It was settled by colonists from Phoca'a .and jliletus and passed from the Persian domination to Athens after the liattle of :Iycale (B.C. 479). It was a flourishing city in later Greek times and