Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 11.djvu/782

* LA LINEA. 708 LALO. razed by the English in 1810 to prevent their being used by llie French invading arinv. I'uj)- uhituin, in ll'lUO, 27,74:3. LALITA-VISTARA, la-le'la-vis-ta'ra (Skt., delightful expanse) . The name of one of the most, celebrated works of Buddhistic literature. It contains a narrative, written in Sanskrit, of the life and doctrine of the Buddha, and is considered by the Buddhists as one of their nine chief works, treatini; of Dharnia, or religious law. It is one of the developed Sutras of the JIahayana system of Norlliern Jiuddliism. and it is based un older accounts of the Buddha's life. Its older por- tions are in verse; the prose parts are re- garded as later in origin. There is a complete French translation by Foucaux, Laliltt-^'istara, ou dcvcloppeincnl des jeiix (Paris, 1884-92); an incom|)lete English rendering by Rajendralala Jlitra, 1 allta-^'islara, or ilemoirs) of the EurUi Life of Hdkiia Siiiha (London, 1880); a ])artial German version by Lcfmann, LtiUta-yistara (Berlin, 1874); and an edition of the Sanskrit text, with indices, by Lefnian, Lulita-Mstara, Lehcii iiinl Lrhrc <Jcs Cukya Buddha (Halle, 1902). LALLA KOOKH, lal'a rook. An Oriental romance by Thomas jMoore (1817). It consists of four metrical tales told to Lalla Rookh, a young Indian jtrineess, on a journey, by her be- trothed disguised as a minstrel. L' ALLEGRO, la-lri'gr6. A lyric poem in the short -rhvnie cc)U|)let by John Milton. It was written between 1(132 and 1638. LALLEMAND, lal'max', Charles Francois A.ntoi?;e, Baron (1774-1839). A French gen- eral, born in Sletz. He volunteered in 1792, and gave such proofs of valor that after the battle of Jena he was made colonel, and in 1811 became general of ,a brigade. ^Vhile in command of the IJepartnient of Aisne in 181.5 he made a vain elTort to assist Napoleon. After the battle of Waterloo, where he fought with distinction, he wished to accompany his former Emperor to Saint Helena, but his re(iuest was denied by the Engli-ih and he was imprisoned in Malta. Con- demned by the Bourbons, he could not return to France when released, and came to the United State-i ( 1810). Here he met his brotlier, and the two determined to foimd a colony of refugees in Texas, but were unsuccessful. Lallemand still Iioped to free Napoleon, with whom he was in constant communication, and the latter, on his death (1821), bequeathed to him 100,000 francs. As he had been condemned to death, the French Government was averse to his receiving the money. After opposing the course of the Liberals once more, in the Spanish Yar (1823). he spent some time in New York City as head of a school, but at the end of the Revolution of 1830 returned to France, where he was restored to his military and political honors, serving in the Chamber of Peers, and, for a while, as military commander in Corsica. L'ALLEMAND, Sigismuxd (1840—). An Austrian battle painter, bom in Vienna, nephew of Fritz L'Allemand (1812-fiO), who first in- structed him. and whose battle pieces were in great favor with the Emperor Francis Joseph. Sigismimd studied subsequently at the Vienna Academy (ISOO-Ofi) under Christian Ruhen. and in 1804 attracted attention with an "Episode in the Battle of Kolin, 1757," which was bought by the Emperor. In the same year he, together with his uncle, went to the seat of war in Schleswig- Ilolstein, and in ISOG accompanied the Austrian army in the suite of Archduke Albrccht. Besides several episodes from Ijotli these campaigns, his most noteworthv paintings include the "Battle of Caldiero, 1805" ( IStiO, Archduke Albrccht), and "Arrival of the Dampicrre Cuirassiers in the Burghof at Vienna, 1019" (18S0, Emperor Fran- cis Joseph). Among numy excellent aiul char- acteristic portraits of princes aiul generals, the equestrian portrait of P^ield-Marshal Laidon (1878, Vienna iluseum), and the portraits of Emperor Francis Joseph (1880) and Archduke Rainer (1889, Aluseum of Art and Industry, N'ienna ). are conspicuous examples. LALLY, la'le', Thomas Authur, Baron de Tullendal, Count de (1702-0(i). A French gen- eral and (aivernor in the ln<lies, born at Komans, iu Dauphine. His father. Sir (lerard Lally, was an Irish Jacobite refugee, and coiiiniaiider of an liish regiment, [n his youth Lally distinguished himself as a soldier in I'landers. Later he took part in the battle of Fontenoy, and was made a brigadier-general on the field. In the .same year (1745) he accompanied I'rincc Charles Ed- ward to Scotland, and in 1750 was made a lieu- tenant-general and ajipointed commander-in-chief in the French East Indian settlements. He coiii- inenced hostilities against the British in India in 1758, took many pl.aces, and besieged Madras itself; liut sustained a severe defeat near Van- darachi, and was compelled to retreat to Pnndi- eherrv, which was attacked in 1700 by a greatly superior British force. Lally held out for ten months; but Pondicherry fell on January 10, 1701. The Parlement of Paris, on May 0, 1700, condemned him to death for betraying the inter- ests of the King and the East India Company, and the sentence was executed three days after. His son procured a royal decree in 1778. declaring the condemnation unjust and restoring all the forfeited honors. Tliis son, Tropiiime GIcrard, Marquis de Lally-Tollendal, was born in Paris, !March 5, 1751. He was a member of the Statos- General and National Assembly in 1789, and acted with the Third Estate. He was in Switzer- land during 1790 and 1791, and returning in the following year, liecame alarmed at the democratic tendencies of the National Assembly, and allied himself with the Court. He sought to protect the King, but was himself obliged to tiee to England. After the establishment of the Consulate he re- turned to France and lived at Bordeaux. Louis XVIII. made him a peer in 1815; but he remained true to his political principles, and defended con- stitutional liberty. He died March 11, 1830. He was the author of some Mcmnirrn, designed to aid in the rehabilitation of his father; also of the Defense des ('iniqres (1794), which made a great sensation in France at the time o( its appearance. LALO, la'liV, EnouARn Victor Axtoine (1823- 92). A French composer, born in Lille. He was a pupil of Baumann at the Lille Conservatory, after which he went to Paris and played the viola at ch.amber concerts in the string quartets of Armingand and .Jacquard. About this time he wrote the opera Fiexque, which was not per- formed. He then turned to instrumental composi- tion, and wrote the Hiimphonie espapnole. and a Concerto de rioJon for Sarasate. He also wrote a ballet, Namouna, whose music became popular.