Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 11.djvu/768

* LAGRANGE. 694 LAGUNA. 1766 lie was likewise successful in a question concerning the theory of the satellites of Ju- piter, anil in the same year was called to take Jiuler's ])lace as director of the Academy of Ber- lin, which position he occupied for twenty years. He then went to Paris, and became a member of the Academy. During the Revolution lie was at the head of the conmiission which had in charge the establishment of the decimal system, and was also a member of the bureau for reward- ing useful inventions. On the establishment of the Ecolc Polytechnique (1797) Lagrange was made professor there. After the Revolution he was made professor in the newly established Ecole Normale. Under Napoleon he was made a member of the Senate and given the rank of count. In pure mathematics Lagrange is noted for his contributions to the theory of series, the theory of numliers. differentia! equations, the numerical solution of equations, and the cal- culus of variations. His astronomical work was, however, quite as remarkable. His most noted work is Mcrunifjiu analijtique (17S8: 3d ed. 1853-55; German trans, by Servus, 1887). His other works are: Thcorie des fond ions aiiah/- tlques, contenant Ics principes dtt calciil (liffc- rciiliel (1797: 3d ed. 1847: German trans, by Griison. 1708-99) : Traits- de la rcsohitimi dcs fqtintions ninncrir/ues (1798: 3d ed. 1820): /yffoji.s utir Ir ctilcul des foiwtions (180G) : Lcc- luns on Eleiiwntary ' Mathriniitics (trans, by McCormack, Chicago, 1898) : besides a large number of memoirs. His complete works, in fourteen volumes, were published at Paris in 1866-92. His manuscripts were purchased in 1815 and given to the Institute by Carnot. La- grange's name is connected with numerous mathe- matical theorems. For his biography, consult Delambre, in Lagrange's (Euvres, vol. i. ( Paris, 1866). LA GRANJA, la griin'iia. A town of Spain. See San Ii.dkko.nso. LAGRIMOSO, lii'grc-mO'zo. An Italian term used in musii-. meaning tearful, or mournful: similar to hnnaitoso, which expresses the same, but in a higher degree. LA GRIPPE. See Influenza. LA GRITA. VS gre'ta. A town in the State of Los Andes. Venezuela (Map: Veneziela. 2). It is situated among coffee, sugar, and tobacco plantations in a beautiful mountain valley near- ly .5000 feet above the sea, 7.5 miles south of Lake Marncaibo, and 60 miles southwest of Merida. the capital cf the State. It has a de- lightful climate, and lies on the high road be- tween !M<'rida and ifaracaibo. It was founded in 1576 by Francisco de Caeeres. and has licen several times visited by destructive earthquakes. Population (conmiuncl. 10,500. LA GUAYRA, la •rxi'Th. The principal sea- port of Venezuela, situated on a narrow strip of land between the mountains and the sea. and about five miles from Caracas, of which it is the port (Map: Venezuela. D 1). Its climate is very liot and unhealthful. the temperature averaging 84° F.. but of late sanitary improvements have lessened the discomforts. The principal square contains a statue of the celebrated physician Vargas, a native of La Guayra. and there are several churches and hospitals. The harbor, which is protected by a fort, was formerly an open roadstead, but has been lately improved by a breakwater. La Guayra imports chiefly manu- factured goods, and exports cofl'ee, cacao, and skins. Steamship lines connect it with Europe and America, and it is the terminus of a cable to Curagao. A railroad 20 miles long, constructed over the high intervening numntains. connects the town with Caracas. It is the seat of a Unit- ed States consul. Population, 9000. La Guayra was founded in 1588. Its fort was blockaded in 1903 by the English-German llect pending the settlement of claims against the Venezuelan Gov- ernment. LA GTJERONNIERE, hi gA'r6'nyar', Louis Etiekne Abtiiur, Vicomte dc (1816-75). A Frencli politician, born at Limoges, in Haute- Vienne. He first attracted notice by the articles which he contributed to the Avenir National of Limoges, about 1835. Subsequently he made the acquaintance of Lamartine, whom for many years he regarded as both his jiolitieal and liter- ary master. Ultimately he came to a rupture with Lamartine. and became an ardent Bonapart- ist and the apologist of the coup d'etat. He was a member of the Corps Lcgislatif in 1852, State Councilor in 1853, and Senator in 1861. In 1868 he was made Ambassador at Brussels, and in 1870 was sent to Constantinople. He died in Paris, December 23, 1875. He wrote: Etudes ct portraits politiqucs content pm-ains (1856): L'empereur yapoUun III. et I'Aiigle- lerre (1858); h'empcrcur yapoh-on III. et Vltalie (1859); he pape ct le conr/res (1859); La France. Home ct Vltalie (1861); Le droit piihUc et t'Eiiropc nioderne (1875). LAGXIILLERMIE, la'g^'yflr'mf-', AugustE FRfiofiRic (1841—). A Frencli engraver and painter, liorn in Paris. He was educated there under Flaineng and Bouguercau, at the Ecole des Beaux-.Arts. where he won the Prix de Rome for engraving (1866). His paintings are chiefly portraits, but among his most famous engrav- ings are: '"Hommage rendu il Voltaire sur le Theatre Francais" (1863) : Hebert's ".Teune fille an puits" (1864): Frans Hals's '"Cavalier" I IS(I5) : Velasquez's "Deux nains" (1872) : Fro- mentin's "Fantasia" (1874); Laurens's "Etat- niajor aulrichicn devant le corps de Mareeau" (1880): Munkacsy's "Deux families" (1882); Delacroi.x's "Massacre de Scio" (1885) : Hebert's "Vierge aux baisers" (1880); Gainsborough's "Musidore se baignant" (1887); Van Dyck's "Beatrice de Cusance" (1888). and his children of Charles I. (1890) ; and "Le the'" by Millais. He received medals in 1877, 1889, 1890, and the Legion of Honor decoration in 1882. LAGUNA, la-gijo'na. or LA LAGTJNA, also called Cristobal de la Lacuna. A town of the island of TenerifFe. in the Canaries. It is situ- ated on the north shore, near Santa Cruz, in a beautiful plain surrounded by wooded mountains. It has wide and straight streets and large plazas. There are a to i hall, a normal school, a semi- nary, and a public library. Laguna was formerly (he capital of the island. Population, in 1900, 13.1.52. LAGUNA. A province of Central Luzon, Phil- ippines, lying southeast of Manila. It has the form of a crescent, encircling the .southern and eastern shores of Laguna de Bay. which, to- gether with the Province of Mi'irong, bounds it on the north. It is bounded on the east by the provinces of Infanta and Tayabas, on the