Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 11.djvu/708

* LABERITJS DECIMXTS. 644 LABILLARDIERE. sixty, and act in one of his own mimes, a great indignity to a Koman. In delivering the pro- logue, and again in parts of the play, Laberius boldly inserted verses expressing his sense of the insult. Ca?sar, partly in retaliation, awarded the dramatic prize to Publiliiis Syrus, the rival of Laberius. The fragments of Laberius are col- lected by Otto Ribbeek in the second vnhinic of his Comicornm I'omaiiornm Fragmenla (Leipzig, 1873). LABEZARES, la'ua-tha'ras, GriDO DE (1.510- 80). A Spanish adventurer, bom in Bilbao. With New Spain as a starting-point, he went on a voyage of conquest to the S])icc Islands (l.')42), and was unwillingly detained there for about six years; then to Florida (15,)8), where he discov- ered and na?ned a bay, Filipina, which was re- christened Santa Maria by Luna de Arellano the following year. Labezares was his companion on that expedition; but in 1564 he set o>it with Legaspi on his c.ireer of conquest and conversion to the Philippine Islands, and succeeded him (l.')74) in command at Manila. This place he fortified to withstand a long siege by Chinese pirates, and ultimately drove them anil the Dutch corsairs from the surrounding islands. On the arrival of the new Governor-Oeneral ( l.'iTS), La- Iiezarcs yielded the chief position, biit remained in Manila as Lieutenant-Governor until his death. His accounts of the Florida and Philijipine voy- ages were published by the Madrid Government (1578). liA'BIALS (ML. labialis, relating to the lip, from Lat. Idbiiim, lip; connected with Pers. lah, lip, and probalily with AS. lip]xi. Eng. lip). Those sounds whose articulation is chiefly deter- mined by the lii)s. P, B, M, and W is the list given by most plionetists. In articulating F and V the teeth and lower lip are brought together, so these are called labio-dentals. LA'BIA'TJE (Xeo-Lat. nom. pi., from Lat. labium, lip), the mint family. A natural order of herbaceous or half-shrubby dicotyledonous plants, containing aljout 150 gener.a and 2^00 species, mostly natives of temperate climates. They have four-cornered stems, opposite l)ranche3 and leaves, without stipules; flowers generally in cymes, heads, or whorls, but sometimes solitary; calyx inferior, five or ten toothed or two-lipped; corolla hypog.vnous. two-lipped, the lower lip tluee- lobed; stamens four, two long and two sliort, or liy abortion only two, inserted into the corolla ; ovary deejily four-lobed, seated in a fleshy disk, each lobe containing a single ovule; style simple, with a bifid stigma : fruit one to four achenia, inclosed within the persistent calyx. A general characteristic of this order is an aromatic odor due to a volatile oil, which in many species is very agreeable, and Uiakes them garden favorites; in others it is unpleasant, ilany are natives of America ; some are weeds, some are used in medi- cine, some for perfumes ; others in cookery for flavoring; one, Stachys, yields edible tubers. Mint, marjoram, rosemary, lavender, sage, basil, savory, thyme, horehound. balm, patchouli, ger- mander, and dead-nettle are examples of this order. The classification by Briquet divides the order into eight suborders, some of which have no representatives in America. The principal genera in the United States are Teucrium. Scu- tellaria, Lavandula, Marrubium, Nepeta, Lami- um, Stachys, Salvia, Monarda, Calamintlia, Ori- ganum, Thynms, Jlentha, llyptis, and Ocimum. LABICHE, hVbi'sh', EuGi^;NE (1815-88). A French (h;unalist, born in Paris, May 5, 1815. His first drama, M. de Coyllin (1838), was a failure; but for nearly forty years he con- tinued to write farces and comedies, many of which attained great success, tlunigh unpul)lishcd. In 1870 he withdrew to Xormandy, wealthy, but with no thought of fame. The higher literary recognition of Labiche as a literary artist, where- as many bad thought of him as a mere ]iurveyor of fun, seems to have come first from his friend and fellow dramatist, Emile Augier. Labiche gathered his best in ten volunu-s (1870), and tound himself famous. In 1880 he entered the Academy, but never again essayed the stage. Some of his plays — Lc voyage de M. I'errichun (18C0), Ijii piiuilre aux yeux (1801), Leu petilH oixeaux ( 1802 ), .1/01 ( 1864 ) , Le ehapeau de paiUe d'llatic (1851) — are pure comedies of a higb (irder. In others, like La caynotte. there is riutous fancy; and the humor is a batlledcire and shuttle- cock of dialogue, not of situation anil character, Labiche wrote usually in collaboration with one or another playwright ; but the genius of the comedies is always his, and from a literary jjoint of view the others' part is negligible. Consult Matlhews. Freiieh Dramati.itx (N'ew York, 1901), and Angler's "Preface" to Labiche, Theatre Com- plet I 10 V(ds.. Paris, 1879). LABID IBN RABIA, Ui-bed' 'b'n ri'i-be'il, Abu '.kIl |c.500-c.0(11 ) . An Arabian poet, who lived at Medina after his conversion to Islam, and died at Cufa. His poems were very popular, and at the same time were highly esteemed by the granunarians; the commentary of al-Tusi on a score of them is preserved. One of his productions was received in the .1/»'fl//a/l•«^ edited by de Sacy (1810). by Peiper (1828), and with- out connnentary by Abel in Die siebcn Mii'alla- I:iit (Berlin, 1891), The best translation is by Kiildeke, in the f!it:iin(].tberielite of the Vienna Academy of Sciences (1900). Labid's DitcHn was first edited by Yusuf al-Khalidi ( V'ienna, 1880). A. Huber had prepared an edition and a translation of Labid's poems. After his death these were published in two separate volumes by C. Brockelmann (Leyden, 1891). Consult: Sloane, The I'net Labid (Leipzig, 1877) ; Huber, />(!.« Lebin de.1 Labid (Leyden, 1887). LABIENUS, 1,1'bi-e'nus, TiTU.s (B.C. 98-45). A Roman tribune in B.C. 63, when Cicero was con- sul, a lieutenant of Ca-sar in the Gallic War. and afterwards a jira'tor. In B.C. 54 he twice defeated the Trevii i, and in 52 distinguished himself in the campaign against Vercingelorix. W'lien the Civil War broke out he sided with Pompcy, and treated with cruelty Caesar's .soldiers who fell into his hands at Dyrrhachium. After the defeat at Pharsalia be went to Africa, and thence, after the defeat at Thapsus. to Spain, where he fought against C:i'sar at Alunda ; there, in a panic, his troops were rntitcd and he fell. LABILLARDIERE, la'be'yiir'dyAr', Jacques .JuLiE.N HoiTO-N- DE (1755-1834). A French nat- uralist. He was born at Alencon. and studied botany at Montpellier and niedic-ine at Paris. He traveled widely in England, in Piedmont, and in Palestine. In 1791 he was sent on the La P6- rouse Expedition. He explore<l Tenerifie. the Cape of Good Hope, and Van Diemen's Land, and