Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 11.djvu/568

* KINGSTON". 514 KING WILLIAM'S WAR. Three Lieutenants (1875), The Three Command- ers (187G), The Three Admirals (1878), and Kidnappin;/ in the Paci/ic (1879). Besides ac- counts of his own travels in Europe and America, he published books about noted explorers, Colum- bus, Captain Cook, Livingstone, and others; about tl>e Kings and Queens of England (1870), and about other liistorieal personages. KINGSTON-TJPON-HULL. A town of Eng- land. See lIlLL. KINGSTON-UPON-THAMES, temz. A market -tinvn in Surrey. Kni^htnd. on the Thames, three miles south of Uicliniond (Map: Enj,dand, F 5). It has Hour, cocoanut, libre, and oil mills, brick and tile works, a free lilirary. a recreation <;round of 14 acres, and an endowed frraniniar school, founded in the reign of l^i'Pt'n Elizabeth. The town owns a jirotitalile market, which occu- pies the ground floor of the town hall; an electric lighting plant; and baths. Kingston is a favorite suburban residential district of Londoners. Nu- merous Koman icniains have been discovered in the vicinity; during the Saxon period it was a place of importance. The name is said to be derived from a stone in the market-place upon which are inscribed the names of seven Anglo- Saxon kings who were crowned upon it, in the ancient chapel of Saint ^larv's, which existed until 1770. Population, in " 1801, 27,000; in 1901, 34,400. KING STORK. In .Esop's fables, the king sent by Jupiter to the frogs when they were dis- satisfied with King Log. The term is used of a ruler whose government is destructive to his subjects. KINGSTOWN. . An important seaport and favorite watering-place of Ireland, on the south shore of Dublin Bay, (i'l. miles southeast of Dub- lin (Map: Ireland, E 3). At the visit of George IV. in September. 1821, its former name, Dun- leary, was changed to Kingstown. It has a fine harbor, with an area of 250 acres. Vessels draw- ing 24 feet can discharge at the wharf at any state of the tide. The mail packets sail from Kingstow-n to Holyhead twice a day. and there is regular conununication with the principal Irish and British seaports. Coal, iron, and timber are imported, and cattle, corn, lead ore, and granite are exported. Population, in 1891, 11,584; in 1901, 17,350. KINGSTOWN. Capital of the island of Saint Vincent, British West Indies (Jlap: West Indies, R 8). It is picturesquely situated at the foot of ilount Saint Andrew, on the southwestern co,a.st, and has handsome public buildings and a good harbor. Population, in 1901, 4547. KINGS'WOOD. A town in Gloucestershire. England, tlnee and one-half miles northeast of Bristol (Jlap: England, D 5). It is an impor- tant shoemaking centre. Population, in 1891, PlOO: in 1901. 12.000. KING'S YELLOW. A term applied to a pig- ment which is a mixture of orpiment (tersulphide of arsenic) and arsenious acid. It is not a de- sirable color to use. as it is fugitive. KING'-TEH CHIN', or CHING-TE CHEN (originally Ch'axg-xan). . large and important town in the Chinese Province of Kiang-si, 85 miles southeast of Kiu-Kiaiig. and one of the Five Chin or great marts of the country (Map: China, E 6). It is specially noted for its great pot- teries and as the seat of the great porcelain manufactories, first established here in the reign- period King-teh ( 1004-07 ), when it received its j)re.ient name. It is situated along the Ch'angan River, in a small plain surrounded by mountains, which supjdy the kaolin, petuntse, and fuel re- quired in its 3000 furnaces. It was taken by the Tai - ping rebels in 1855, and was al- most depopulated and the buildings destro.ved during their stay, which lasted until 18(i4. The population is now estimated at 500,000. The Imperial manufactory was rebuilt in 1800. It has a circuit of a mile, and consists of 72 build- ings. The town itself is governed by a sub- prefect. The inhabitants are turbulent, and few foreigners can enter the place. Consult: Scid- more, China: The Long-Lived Umpire (Xew York, 1900) ; Julicn, Uistoire et fabrication de la porcelainc chinoise (Paris, 1850); and iled- liurst. .1 (llaiicc at the Interior of China (Lon- don, 1850). KING VULTURE. See Co.xdor. KING WILLIAM'S WAR. The name com- monly given to that part ol the struggle knowni in European history as the War of the l,cagie of Augsburg which was fought in America. From one point of view the War of the League of Augsburi.' was a war waged by the Grand Alliance against the ambitious schemes of Louis XIV. for the territorial aggrandizement of France in Europe: from another it was the first of a series of conllicts, sometimes called trie "Second Hun- dred Years' War,' between France and England for colonial supremacy. (See France: and I.otis XIV.) In America the active operations of the war were begun by Front cnac. then Governor of New France, who in the winter of 1089-90 sent out three expe<litions. composed of French and Indians, against the border towns of Xew Y'ork .■^nd X'cw England. One of these expeditions sur- prised and destroyed the town of Schenectady, near Albany, and massacred or carried into cap- tivitv many of the inliabitants; another brought a like fate to the villa.u'e of Salmon Falls in Xew Hampshire; the third took in Casco in southwest- ern JIaine. and harried other settlements in north- ern Xew England. Aroused by the common dan- ger, Massachusetts Bav. Plymouth, Connecticut, and X'ew York, by invitation of ,Iacob I^isler (q.v. ), de faeto Governor of Xew Y'ork. sent delegates to a colonial Congress, which met at Xew Y'ork in May, 1090. and discussed plans of attack and defense. The Congress determined to attempt the conquest of Canada, and planned expeditions both by sea and land. The land expe- dition, composed chieHv of troops from Connecti- cut and Xew Y'ork under Fitz .John Winthrop, failed miserably; the main body got no farther than the head of Lake Champhiin. though a small detachment jiushcd on and raided La Prairie, op- posite Montreal. The fleet, under command of Sir William Phinps, who earlier in the year had led a successful expedition against Port Royal in .Vcadia. appeared before Quebec in October, 1090: but. owing to the failure of the English land expedition, the French were able to garrison the town with so strong a fince that the English attack was easily repulsed. Phipps then gave up the attempt, and with forces much diminished bv disease and shipwreck returned home. The remainder of the war consisted chiefly of border raids, bv which much sutfering was inflicted without any substantial results being gained by