Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 11.djvu/488

* KENNEDY. 444 KENNICOTT. military road named after liim and exteiuliiig from Kalka via Simla to Kunawur and Pibel. He published Britixh Home and Colonial Empire (18(15-09), as well as a number of technical works relative to bis Indian career. KENNEDY, .Joii. Stewart (1830—). An Americin eapitiilist and pliilantbropist. lie was born near Glasjjow, in Scot bind, fjot a scant edu- cation in school, to which be added in bis spare moments as a clerk, and at twenty was sent to America by a London iron firm, in whose branch house in Glasgow be worked for four years. Then he came again to New York and entered business with Morris K. .Tesup. From this partnersliip he retired in 1807 and from active business in 1883, although he was still called upon after that date to aid in the reorganization of various finan- cial concerns, notably in 1S88. when he acted with J. S. Harris as receiver of the New Jersey Central Pvailroad. He was prominenth' con- nected with New York charities. KENNEDY, .Joseph Camp Griffith (1813- 87). An American statistician. He was born in .Pennsylvania, and after a college education and a short period of legal study, entered journalism. In 18-19 he was put in charge of the reorganiza- tion of the United States Census Bureau, and in 1859 he was made Su|)crintendent of the Census. He had previously consulted with European sta- tisticians in regard to census matters, and in 1850 had suggested to them an international arrangement by which the facts could be more expeditiously galhered, a discussion which led to the holding of the congress of statisticians at Brussels in 1853. During the administration of President Johnson lie was appointed Examiner of National Banks. KENNEDY, Villi.m (1709-1871). A Brit- ish ))net. and ]u-ose writer, born near Dublin of Scottish parentage. After studying for a time at Belfast College, he went to Scotland, was on the staff of the I'aislci/ Magazine, next a literary worker in London, from 1830, and eight years afterwards went as swrctary with Liud Durham to Canada. Thence he drifted south to Texas, and in 1841 was British Consul at (ialvestim, but retired invalided with a pension (1849) . first to London, then to Paris, where he died. He published two volumes of verse, chiefly lyrical, called Fitful Fancies (1827) : The Arroir and the Rose, and Other Poems (1830) : a drama. The .S'lW/c of Ant- werp J1838) ; and The Ilise, Progress and Pros- pects of the RepnhJie of Texas (2 vols., 1841). KEN'NET. A river of England and tributary of the Thames. It rises on the Marlborough Dowms in Viiltshire and Hows east through Berk- shire, emptying into the Thames at Reading, .after a. course of 45 miles (Maji: England. E 5). It has been made navigable for ships drawing 3% feet to Newbury, from which town the Kcnnet and Avon Canal crosses the country to Bath, thus making the river a part of the waterway connecting the North Sea with Saint George's Channel. KEN'NETH I. (called JfAcALPiNE) ( ?- c.8(i0). A Scottish king of the ninth century, who came to the throne in Galloway in 834 on the death of his father. His power spread rap- idly: he drove out the Danes (841). united the Scottish and Pictish kingdoms, invaded T,othian, and made Scone the capital and Dunkeld the ecclesiastical centre of the new kingdom. KENNETT, White (lGOO-1728). A Church of ICngland jirclate. He was born at Dover, August 10, KKiO; educated at Westminster Seliool and Oxford; became rector of Ambrosden, 1085. In 10:il he returned to Oxford as tutor and vice- prinei]ial of Ednuind Hall, where he had for a jiupil the famous anti<|uary IJcarne. He be- came .rclideacon of Huntingdon 1701. Dean of Peterliorongh 170708, and in 1718 Bishop of Peterborough. He was an cUnpient preacher, a learned antiquary, historian, and thcidogian. Me Mas a strong opjionent of the High-Church Party. lie publislied numerous works, the most impor- tant of which arc: Parochial Aniiqnities (1(>!)5, n. e. 2 vols.. 1818); the third volume of a Cum- pUtr llistoyii of J-.'nijtand (pul)l;sbed anonymously in 1700), extending from the ac<'ession of Cliarles I. to the end of (^lucen .June's reign; .4 Register and Chronicle, Ecclesiastical and Civil, front the Restoration of Kinij Charles II. (vol. i. 1728). He left numerous liistorical nnmuscripts, now a part of the Lansdowne Collection in the Britisli JIuseum. He died at Westminster. December 19, 1728. Consult his Life, by Newton (London, 1730). KENNGOTT, kiJn'got, Gustav Anoi.r (1818- 97). A German mineralogist, born in Breslau. He was educated at the L'niversity of Breslau, in which he was a]i|)ointed a lecturer (1844). Sldiseipwut appointments were those of professor of natural history in the Pressburg Realschule (1850.52). as.sistant custodian of the Iraiierial mineral cabinet at Vienna ( 18.52-50), professor of mineralogy in the Polytechnic School of Zurich (1850-57), and professor of mineralogy in the University of Zurich (1857-97). His services in the development of the science of crj'stallogr.ipliy are recognized as im|)ortant. His publications include: Lclirhnrh der rcinen Kristalloi]raphie (18-10) : hehrhuch der Mineralogic (1851) : Ele- nienle der Pelrographie (1808) ; and, with La- saulx and other scientists, a II a ndaortcrbnch der Mincralogie, Geologic and Palaontologie (2 vols., 1882-80). KEN'NICOTT, Benjamin (1718-83). An emineiU biblical scholar. He w^as born at Totnes, Devonshire, April 4, 1718, and educated at Ox- ford, where he highly distinguislicd him.self. He took his degree of M.A. in 1750. Imving been pre- viously elected a fellow of Exeter College; in 1767 he was ajipointed RadclilVe librarian; and in 1770 Canon of Christ Church. Oxf(ud. where he died, Se])t ember IS. 1783. The wlnde interest and im- portance of Kennicott's life are comprised in his great tmdertaking for the imi)rovement of the Hebrew text of the Old Testament. In 1753 he puli- lished a work entitled The Slate of the Printed HehreicText of the Old Testament Considered (2d fd. 1759). This contained <>bser'ations on 70 He- brew !MSS.. M'ith an extract of mistakes and various readings, and showed the necessity for .a much more extensive collation, in order to ascer- tain or approximate toward a correct Hebrew text. He imdertook to execute the work in the course of ten years, and labored, until his health broke down, from ten to fourteen hours .a day. In spite of considerable (ipiiosifion from bishops Warburton, Home, and oilier divines, Kcnnicott succeeded in enlisting the s•^^npathies and obfain- ing the support of the clerg' generally. Upward of' 000 Hebrew MSS. and lO' MSS. of the Samari- tan Pentateuch were collated, with the assist- ance of other English and Continental scholars.