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* KAMERUN. 377 KAMPTULICON. Government. The boundary lines were fixed by treaties with Great Britain in 1885, 188G, and 1893, and with France in 1885, 1894, 1901, and 1902. Consult BUlow, Deutschlands Kolonien tiiid Koloniulkriege (Dresden, 1900) ; Meineke, Die deutschcn Kolonien in ^yort und Bild (Leip- zig, 1899) ; Allan, The Land of Diiallas ; Life in the Cameroons (Newcastle, 1885) ; various arti- cles in the Globus (Brunswick, 1879 et seq. ) ; Rieehenow, Die deutsche Kolonie Kamerun (2d ed., Berlin, 1885) ; Buchner, Kamerun (Leipzig, 1887); Schwarz. Kamerun (2d ed., Leipzig, ISSS) ; Hiibler, Zur Klimatologie von Kamerun (.Munich, 1896). KAMERUN, or CAMEROON. A mountain group ot' Africa, considered to be the highest elevation on the western coast of that continent (Map: Congo Free State, B 2). It is situated in the western part of the German dependency of Kamerun, in latitude 4° to 4° 28' X., and longi- - tude 9° to 9° 30' E., and occupies an area of about 7(30 square miles. The mountains are of volcanic formation, and reach, in their highest peak. Albertspitze or FakOj an altitude of 13.246 feet, where snow appears. The extinct volcanoes number about twenty-eight. The lowest slopes are inhabited, and are covered with dense forests of palms and other trees, such as acacias, figs, car<iamoms. cabbage-trees, and oaks; but above about 4500 feet altitude the forests disappear, and the volcanic debris begins. KAMES, Hexby Home, Lord. See Home. KAMICHI, ka-me'che. A bird. See Scream- er. KAMINISTIQTIIA, ka'mi-nis-ti-ke'a. A Canadian river, rising southwest of Lake Nipi- gon, Ontario, flowing south and east into Thunder Bay, Lake Superior, at Fort William (Map: On- tario, -M 8 ) . On its course occur the fine Kaka- beka Falls (q.v.). The river gives its name to a station of the Canadian Pacific Railway on its hanks. 1022 miles west of Montreal. The Kamin- istiquia and its tributaries formed canoe routes from the northwest by which Indians brought their furs to the traders, and by this route during the Riel Rebellion in 1870 Colonel Wolseley transported his forces to Fort Garry. KAM'LOOPS ( confluence ) . An incorporated city of British Columbia. Canada, at the con- fluence of the north and south branches of the Thompson River, 251 miles northeast of Van- couver, on the Canadian Pacific Railway (Jlap: British Columbia, E 4). It dates from the es- tablishment of the Hudson's Bay Company trading station in 1820; it was incorporated in 1892, and is the distributing centre of a large graz- ing, mining, hunting, and sporting district. It has hunber-mills. carriage, mineral water, and leather-making factories, municipal water-works and electric-lighting plant. It is the Govern- ment seat of the great Yale District, has court- house and jail, and the land and registry offices of the Dominion and Provincial governments. Its equable and mild climate has made it a favorite health resort. Points of interest in its vicinity are Kamloops Lake and an Indian vil- lage at the base of Paul's Peak (3570 feet). Population, in 1901. IGOO. KAMLOOPS TROTTT. A variety of the steel- head (Salmo Gairdneri. var. Krnnloops) foimd in Thompson River, Okanagan and Kootenay lakes. and other waters of southern-central British Columbia. See Steelhead. KAMPEN, kiim'pen. One of the prettiest towns of the Netherlands, situated in the Prov- ince of Overyssel, near the mouth of the Yssel, at the terminus of the Netherlands Central Railroad (Map: Netherlands, D 2). The old fortifications have .been converted into pleas- ant walks, only the ancient gateways being retained, one of them dating from the four- teenth century. The finest buildings are the Gothic Church of Saint Nicholas; the Catholic Church of Saint Mary, built in the fourteenth century-; and the town hall, restored in 1543. Among the educational institutions of the town are a theological seminary, controlled by a branch of the Dutch Reformed Church, and a military school. The chief industrial establish- ments are: machine-shops and cigar-faotories. Steamers run daily to Amsterdam and Zwolle. A curious possession of the town is the Kampen Island, the inhabitants of which are of a very patriarchal description,' and are not required to pay taxes to the municipality. Kampen was formerly one of the Hanseatie towns, with a flourishing commerce, which declined, sand hav- ing filled up the mouth of the Yssel. Since the middle of the nineteenth century the river has been kept open by means of jetties, and the trade of the town is again prospering. Popu- lation, in 1892, 18.908; in 1900, 19,064. KAMPEN, NiKOLAAS Godfried van ( 1776- 1839). A Dutch scholar and historian. He was born in Haarlem, made an extensive study of langtiages and literature, and was for a time connected with the editorial staff of the Leidsche Courant. In 1816 he was appointed professor of the German language in the University of Ley- den, and in 1829 professor of the Dutch language and literature in the Amsterdam Athenaeum. He ptiblished: Geschiedenis ran de Fransche heer- shappij in Europa (1815-23); Beknopte ge- schiedenis 4Jer letteren en wetenschappen in de Xederlanden enz (1821-26); Geschiedenis der Sederlanders buiten Evropa ( 1831-33), and other works. Consult the biosraphy by Miiller ( 1840). KAMPP TIM ROM, kiimf urn rom. Era (Ger., A Struggle for Rome). The best-known novel by Felix Dahn (1876). KAMPHAXTSEN, kamp'hou'sen, Adolf (1829 — ). A German Protestant theologian, born at Solingen, and educated at Bonn. In 1855. as private secretary to Bunsen, he assisted him in his great liihelirerk, and in 1863 became pro- fessor of theology at Bonn. He was especially ])roniinent in the revision of Luther's version of the Bible, and wrote: Das Lied Moses (1862); Die flagiogra^hcn des Alien Bundes iibersetzt (1868); Das Buch Daniel «n/f die neuere Ge- schichtsforschung (1893) ; Die berichtigte Luther- bibcl (1894) ; Verhaltnis des Menschcnopfers zur israelitischen Religioyi (1896) ; and The Book of Dnniel. a critical edition of the Hebrew and .-raniaic text (1896). KAMPTU'LICON (from Gk. KafiTrT6s. knmp- ios. flexible + o5Xos. oulos. thick). A kind of floorcloth, made of india-rubber and cork. Pow- dered cork is heated and kneaded up with the caoutchouc and then made into sheets by passing through cylinder rollers heated with steam. These sheets, when cold, are then ready for use. The distinction between linoleum and kamptuli-