Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 11.djvu/202

* JEREMIAH. ITS JEROBOAM I. bach, Keil, Payne, Sniitli, Chcyne, Pluniptre, ami csncciiilly Liihr, Die Klayclieder Jcrcmiiis {(MAi'uvjiiw. isill-im. For tlio metre, consult Buddo's articles in the Zeitschrifl fiir alllcstit- menlliche M'isscn>ichaft (1882-94), and in the Xeic HoWrf (March, 1893). JEREMIAH, SiioKT Prophecy of. See Arm Hvi'iiA, section on Old Tcstumtnt. JEREMIE, zlii'i'rft'mc'. A port of the Repub- lic ot Haiti, nitui'.ted on the north sliore of the southwest peninsula of the island of Haiti. 120 miles west of Port a>i Prince (Ma]): West Indies, K 5). It is celebrated as the birthplace of the elder Dumas. It has a poor harbor. It is the residence of a United States consular af;ent, and exports cacao. Pojjiilation. .'iiMKi. JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA, iia'r:*itli da la frfinla'ra. or Xkrkz. . fariioiis city in the Prov- ince of Cadiz, Spain, situated near the Kiver Guadalete. .'i.'J miles by rail, and 14 miles in a straight line northeast of Cadiz (Map: Spain, 15 4). It is surrounded by extensive vineyards, vhich furnish the world-famous sherry wine. The town is divided into two parts, of which the old one is surrounded by the remains of Moorish walls. There are an old .Moorish castle, several theatres, and a liullrinj;. The educational insti- tutions of the city include a hi;.'li school, schools of law, medicine, and agriculture, a literary and scientific society, and a nuinicipal library housed in the interesting old eonsistorial |)alace. In the neighborhood of the city is the convent of La Cartuja, considered the grandest arrliitec- tural monument of the province: it is surrounded by fine gardens, the entrance to which is in the form of a large triumphal arch. Among the chief objects of interest in the town are the immense wine-cellars or hodciias. in which are stored large ca.sks of sherry and other wines, which are ex- ported niostlv to (ireat Britain, the United States, and France. 'Population, in 1887. 01.708; in 1000, (10.840. Jerez was (>nee a Roman colony, and fell into the hands of the Arabs at the l)eginning of the eighth century. The great battle in which the Saracens overwhelmed the Visigoths was fought here in 711. In 1205 it was talicn by Al- fonx) X. of Castile. JEREZ DE LOS CABALLEROS, dft Ifts kii'- Ba-lyn'r'is. A town of Southwestern Spain in the Province of Radajnz, lo miles from the Portu- guese frontier. It is a handsome town, situated among the mountains and surrounded by gardens and orange groves. It has two theatres, two hos- pitals, and a bull-ring. There are .several flour- mills and manufactures of leather, soap, and potterj-. Population, in 1000, 10.005. The town is supposed to have been foiinded by the Phoenicians. It was captured from the Moors by Alf(mso IX. of Leon, who handed it over to the Knights Templars, whence the name 'Caballeros.' JERFALCON. See fiviiF.^LCON. JERICHATJ, y:'i'r4-Kou, .Iexs Adolf (1816- 83). A Danisli sculptor, born at .ssens (FQnen). He studied in his native country, and then went to Rome, where he lx?came a pupil of Thorwald- sen. After his return he was made professor at the Academy of Copenhagen (1840). His prin- cipal works are "Hercules and Hebe." "Penelope," "The Panther Hunter." "Adam and F.vc .fterthe Fall," "Christ," "David." and the monuments to Oersted and .Andersen at Cofienhagen. — His wife, EuzABETii B.vuMAXX (1819-81), bom at War- saw, Poland, was an excellent genre painter, and their son, Harai.d (18.J2-(8), born at Copen- hagen, a i)upil of his mother and afterwards of Bcnouvillc in ISome, was a landscai)e |)ainler of some note. JERICHO, jcr'i-kri. An ancient city of Pales- tine, about fifteen miles east-northeast of .leru- salcm. A Canaanitish city existed here when the Israelites entered Palestine, and .loshua be- sieged, captured, and destroyed it. The story of the attack and capture are given in the Book of .loshua, chapters ii., v.-vii. .Judging from the account of the spoil, the city nnist liave been very rich. Joshua is said tr) have prnnonnced a curse upon whoever should rebuild the city (vi. 20), which was disregarded in the days of Ahab (1. Kings xvi. 34). King Zedekiali was captured by Nebuchadnezzar in the plains of .lericho (II. Kings XXV. 5). Herod showed great favor to the town (.Iosc])hus. Wars, i. 21. 0). It was pnjbably not far from .lericlio that .Icsus was baptized; as He passed tlirough the city on a later occasion He heah'd blind I!artim;eus ' ( .Mark x. 40-52). and it was there that Zacch.Tus climbed into the syca- more tree to see the Lord (Luke xix. 1-8). Vespasian destroyed the city, but it w'as rebuilt. In the fourth century there was a bishopric there. After [K-riods of varying prosperity, in the twelfth century the town sank into decay. .Icridio was situated in an extremely fruitful district, yield- ing figs, grapes, balsam, honey, etc. .loscphus and Strabo speak of it in enthusiastic terms. It is not certain, however, that the reference to it as the city of palm-trees (Dent, xxxiv. 3: II. Chron. xxviii. 15) is correct. It is represented to day by a miserable village of scarcely 300 in- habitants, called Er-Riha. This village, how- ever, is not exactly on the site of the biblical city, which is represented liy a mound still unexca- vated called Tell esSiiltan. about a mile and a half distant. Near this mound is a copious spring. Aiii es-Sultan. which is ])ointed out as the water healed by Elisha (II. Kings ii. 19-22). The hill Karantal northwest of the village is the traditional place of the temptation of .Tesus. There are many hermits' caves and chapels there. Numerous ruins supposed to belong to Roman times are to be seen in the vicinity of Er-Riha. Consult Ceorge .dam Smith. Uiftoricnl Geog- ru}ilni of the Ihili/ Land (London, 1897). JERICHO, ROSE OF. A Syrian cruciferous plant. Sec Bosk of jERinio. JERKED BEEF (Cliilean rliriniui. dried beef). Beef preserved by drying in the sun. It is of Cliilcan origin, although now made in large quantities in Uruguay, Argentina, and other parts of South America, where the vast droves of cattle on the prairies are available for the purpose. JERKER. The river chub. See Chub. JER OBO'AM I. (Heb. Yarub'am, probably Amm fights). The first king of the Kingdom of Israel (c.937-915 B.C.). He was the son of Nebat of the tribe of Ephraim, and had charge, under King Solomon, of the house of .Joseph. He con- spired against Solomon, but failed in his venture, and was compelled to flee to Egypt (I. Kings xi. 26-40). The details of the movement, which was probably instigated by the restless spirit of the nrrth under .lude.an rule, are not furnished. The incident of the prophet .Ahijah (I. Kings xi. 29-39) is thought by critics to be a legendary