Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 11.djvu/182

* JEAMES. 160 JEBB. From tliis diary of a fuotniun the name has be- come a popular term fur a lluiikey. JEAN CRAPAUD, zliii.N kra'pij'. A French- man. .See Xatuj.nai, Nicknames. JEAN JACQUES I. The title given to the negru iiiilitaiy It'adi'r Jean •Tacc|U('s Dcssalines (q.v.i. JEANNE D'ALBRET, zluin dalbra'. See Aldukt, .Ikan.ne 1)'. JEANNE D'ARC, dark. See Joan of Abc. JEANNE D'ARC. ( 1 ) An opera by Gounod (187^). (2j A play by Rostand (1902). JEANNETTE, jen-net'. A borough in West- niurelaiid County, I'a., 26 miles east by south of Pittsburg; on the IVnusylvaiiia Kailruad (.Map: Pennsylvania, 1? 3). The boruugh is sujiplied with natural gas, and has important manufac- tures of window-glass, (lint glass, tableware, lamps and shades, mine fans, rubber goods, elec- tric carbons, mustard, etc. Oak Ford is the principal park. Jeannette was settled in 1888 and incorporated in the following year. The government is administered by a burgess, chosen every three years, and a borough council, elected on a" general ticket. Population, in 1890, 3290; in 1900, 5805. JEANNETTE EXPEDITION. See Polar Re.seakcii ; De Lono. JEANNIN, zha'naN', Pierre (1540-1G22). A French stal'snian, born at Autun. He was edu- cated under Cujas. was an advocate at Dijon in 1509, and councilor in 1572, and as ad- vocate of the State of Burgundy (1579) he was able to prevent the Saint Bartholomew massacre from extending to his district. When councilor to the Duke of JIayenne, he sirove to bring about a reconciliation l«'tween him and Henry IV., who took him into his own service in 15D5. and he was made intendant in 1002, and general controller of finances in 1010. A com- missioner for the Treaty of Lyon with the Duke of Savoy, he was afterwards instrumental in form- ing the important alliance between France and Holland in lOOS, whereby Spain was obliged to acknowledge Dutch independence. Always on the side of conciliation, be tried to make peace between Louis XIII. and .Marie de Medicis. His Neijociations were published posthumously in 1C50 (2 vols.), in 1059 (3 vols.), in 1810.' and in 1S37. while they are to be found also in yntn-rllrs rollrriions drfi m^-mnires pour servir d I'liifitniir (/■' FriDirc, vol. iv. (2d series. 1887). JEAN PAUL, zliiiN p6l. See Richter, Jo- IIA.N.N I'All.. JEAN POTAGE, p6't:"izb' (Fr., .John Pot- tage) . A nickname of the French, based on their fondness for soups and sauces. JEANRON, zbiiN'rox'. Piiti.tppe ArotSTE (1809-77). . Frencli genre and historical paint- er, born at Boulognc-sur-Mer. He was a pupil of Sigalon and Soiichon. He became director- general of the National Museums in 1848, and director of the ^Marseilles Museum in 1803. In the former post be did valuable service by im- proving the arrangement of the various museums and exhibits inclosed in the Louvre, and founded the Luxembourc; Museum. His pictures are of subjects taken from the lower classes, and are treated in a realistic fashion. They include "The Little Patriots" (1830), a scene from the Revo- lution of July, and "The Abandoned Port of Ambleleuse" (18i)5), in the Luxembourg, lie also contributed articles on art to the French re- views, particularly La France Littcravre. JEAURAT, zliiVra', Etienne (1099-1789). A French genre and historical painter, burn at Vermenlon (Vonne). He was a pupil of Vleu- ghels, and afterwards studied in Rome under this same master. He became a mend)er of the Academy in 1733, and chancellor in 1781. His best works are from familiar scenes and amu.se- nients of the lime, remlcred with animation and good color. They include "The Village Wed- ding" and "Taking Harlots to the Hospital." His historical pictures such as "Diogenes Break- ing His Cup," in the Louvre, are of less interest. JEBB, John (1775-1833). An Irish theolo- gian. Bishop of Limerick. He was born at DrogluMla, studied at Trinity College, Dublin, and in 1810 became curate at Jlogorbane, Tipperarv. Twelve years afterwards .Jcbb was made Bishoj) of Limerick, .rdfert, and Agadhoe as a recogni- tion of his services in the distress and disipiiet fallowing the famine of 1822. Jebb's great work in the Church was the reform of theological cxamiiuitions. He had more than a tendency toward High Church ritual, many services and communions, and has been reckoned a forerunner, with his friend Alexander Kno.x, of the Oxford movement. .Jebl) wrote several volumes of .ser- mons, and his correspondence with Knox was ])ublislied in 1830. Consult the Life and Letters, by Forstcr (1830). JEBB, .John (1805-86). An Irish theologian and Canon of Hercfurd. He was born in Dul)lin, and graduated at Trinity College there. Pre- bendary in Limerick Cathedral (1832), he was appointed to a similar position at Hereford ( 1858 I, where he afterwards became canon. His Hook of P.ialm.i (2 vols., 1840) was followed by the publication of sermons and other works more upon church politics than theology. JEBB, Sir RrciiAHD Claveriiotse (1841 — ). An eminent Scottish classical scholar. He was born at Dundee. Scotland, and educated at Saint Columba's College, Dublin, the Charterhouse School, London, and Trinity College, Cambridge, where be graduated with the highest honius in 1862. In 1871 he became governor of Charter- house School, and in 1872 was appointed classi- cal examiner in the University of London, and tutor of Trinity College. Three years later he was called to the chair of Greek in the Tiuiversity of Glas;low, and in 1889 was made rcgius pro- fessor of Greek in the LIniversity of Cambridge. .Tel>b was instrumental in establishing in 1880 the British Scliool of Classical Studies at Athens. He has been president of the Society for the Pro- motion of Hellenistic Studies since 1891. and since the same year has been ineniber of I'arlia- ment from the University of Cambridge. In 1900 he was knighted. He has received honorary de- grees from the universities of Kdinburgh. Cam- bridge, Bologna, and Harvard; in 1878, in recog- nition of his hi'_'h attainments and his earnest advocacy of the teaching of modern Greek, he was presented with the gold cross of the Order of the Saviour by the King of Greece. His numer- ous works are all distinguished by great scholar- ship and brilliant style, .^mong tbem the most important are: The Chnrneterx of Theophrnxtus (1870); Attic Orators (2 vols., 2d ed. 1893);