Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 10.djvu/916

* ISHMAEL. 810 ISHPEMING. namo ('God hears') also points to the excellent terms of his relationship to the deity. In the representations of Hebrew writers a considerable section of Central and Northern Arabia is occu- pied bj' Ishniaelites. Their sprea<I over this large territory is indicated in tradition by mak- ing Ishuiael the father of twelve sons ((Jen. x.vv. 13-18). Hence we find among the Ishniaelites representatives of both types of the Arab — the fierce Bedouin and the Arab on the road to civilization, even engaging in commerce. Ac- cording to one form of the Joseph story (Gen. xx.vii. 25, Yahwistic. see Joseph), Ishmaelitish merchants carrying spices from Gilead bring .Jo- seph to Egypt. This connection of Ishniaelites with Egj'pt is also introduced into the narrative which records that Hagar was an Egyptian and makes Ishmael also marry an Egyptian woman. It should, however, be addeil that the term Ish- maelite, like the term Midianite. comes to be used vaguely by Old Testament writers, and no conclusions are to be drawn from such usage as to genealogies of Arabic tribes. In a general way it was recognized that the clans of Arabia and the clans of Palestine were closely akin, and this w"as represented in tradition by tracing them back to the same ancestor, just as in another stratum of tradition Hebrews and Edomites are traced back to Jacob and Esau, who unite in the person of Isaac. See Edom ; Jacob; I.saac; Es.f. ISHPEMING, Ish'p*-mlng. A city in Mar- quette County, Jlieh., 15 miles west of Mar- quette; on the Chicago and Northwestern, the Chicago, Milwaukee and Saint Paul, and the Duluth, South Shore and Atlantic railroads (Map: Michigan. F 1). It is in the great Lake Superior mineral region, and is the centre of tho iron-mining district of the Marquette Range. Its interests are ])rin(ipally in iron-mining, hut gold and marble also are found in this vicinity. Set- tled about 18.57. Ishpeming was chartered as a city in 187.3. The government is administered, under a charter of 1801, by a mayor, annually elected, and a common council, of which the executive is a member. Population, in 1800, 11,197; in 1900, 13,255.