Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 10.djvu/787

* INTERIM. 699 INTERLUDE. llie Diet of Eatisbon in 1541, of which Eek, I'llug. unci Uropper were the Roman Catholic, iuid Melanchthon, Bucer, and Pistoiius the I'lotostant iiicnibt'is. On the greater number of doctrinal points the commission found it ])ossible to agree on terms which might be deemed consistent vvitli tlie views of both parties; but as to the sacraments and the power of the C'liurch, the dillVrences were irreconcilable. At the next Diet at Augsburg in 154S, a new interim at the command of the Emperor, Charles V.. was prepared by Pllug, Helding (Sidonius), and Agricola. It is called the Aiiys- hiiiy Interim. In it the use of the cup by the laity, the marriage of priests, and some other niiiu)r things, were conceded to the Protestants; but it met with very general opposition, par- ticularly in the north of Germany, and was re- vciUcd in l.'i.^'i. V-y the exertions of the Elector Maurice of Saxony, a third interim, the Leip-iff Inlcriiii. was adopted at the Diet of Leipzig, December 22, 1548, which guarded the Protes- tant creed, but admitted great part of the Roman Catholic ceremonial, and recognized the power of popes and bishops when not abused. It was the work of Jrelanchthon. Bugenhagen, Cruciger, Major, Eber. and Pfellinger. It proved no more satisfactory than those which had preceded it and gave rise to the adiaphoristic controversy. (See Adiapiiori.sts. ) Consult: Beutel, Uchcr den Ursjinnifi des Augshiirger Inlcrim (Dresden, 1S,S8) ; Drutl'el, Brief e iind Acten zur Oeschichte de-1 10. Jdhrluniderts (Munich. 1875). INTERIOR, Depabtment of the. One of the nine executive departments of the United States Covernment, whose chiefs constitute the Presi- dent's Cabinet. (See Cabinet.) It was organ- ized in 1849. At its head is the Secretary of the Interior, whose salary is $8000, and associated with him are two Assistant Secretaries whose salaries are $4500 and $4000 respectively. The scope of tliis department is wide and diversified. It has sujjcrvision of Indian affairs; of the pub- lic lands, including mines; of pensions; of pat- ents ; of the census, when directed by law ; of the geological survey; of education; of the custody and distribution of public documents; of rail- roads which have received subsidies from the I'nited States; of the Territories; of national parks and reservations; o' some charitable and penal institutions in the District of Columbia; of the returns office in which are filed returns of contracts made by the Secretary of War, the Secretarv of the Navy, and the Secretary of the Interior, and of some other miscellaneous busi- ness. Most of the bureaus into which the de- partment is divided are pi'esided over iiy commis- sioners, appointed b.y the President by and with the advice of the Senate; but the Secretary's oflice is the great clearing house of the depart- ment, and the various commissioners are subject to file Secretary's directions in the performance of their executive duties. INTERIOR BALLISTICS. See Ballistics. INTERJECTION (Lat. interjcetin. a throw- ing between, from inferjicerc, to throw between, from inter, between + jncere, to throw). One of the parts of speech. (See Oramxiar.) Inter- jections projier are merely emotive reflex move- ments of the vocal organs, accompanied by voice, as oiieh, O. r/rrh, jion. ei. and many of a like nature. Sounds of this type are the most primi- VOL. .—i&. live of all forms of speech, and are the only sort of vocal language shared by man with other animals. The present tendency of logicians is to treat the interjection as the most primitive form of judgment. The term interjection is often ap- plied to vocatives and imperatives when they are <'mi)loyed as isolated exclamations, as heavens, the deuce, alas, C'luirles, stop, go on, and the like. The vocative interjection may be a representative of the single-membcred sentence consisting of a subject only with no predicate. This is not undisputed, however, for there cer- tainly is in many cases, and may perhaps be in all, an ellipsis of a predicate. The imperative interjection .seems to be a predicate with an el- lipsis of the subject. It is to be noted that though interjections proper stand isolated and complete in them.selves, both vocative and imperative in- terjections are frequently elliptical, and. strictly speaking, equivalents for sentences, and are not real sentences as are the true interjections. Con- sult: Delbriick, Grundfragen der Sprachfor- schung (Strassburg, 1901); Wundt, iiprachge- schichte und Hprachpsychologie (Leipzig, 1901). INTERLAKEN, in'tor-la'kcn ('between the lakes'). A summer resort of Switzerland, de- lightfully situated on the left bank of the Aar, in the Biideli, a plain between lakes Thun and Brienz (Map: Switzerland, B 2). The name is applied to the whole plain, which is from 5000 to 6000 feet above sea-level. Its mild climate (averaging 48° F. ), dry air, and its magnificent mountain scenery, which includes views of the famous Bernese Alps, make Interlaken one of the most popular resorts in the Alps. It is visited annually by between 30,000 and 50.000 tourists. The town proper consists of the villages of Aar- miihle, Matten, and Unterseen. There are nu- merous good hotels, restaurants, and a Kursaal on the Hrmceg — the principal avenue. The chief building is that of the old monastery, found- ed in 1130 and suppressed in 1528. It is now oc- cupied by the Government offices and the hospital. During the season Catholic, Anglican, American, and Presbvterian services are held in its ancient church. Population, in 1888, 2014; in 1900 ( commune ). 2002. INTERLINEATIONS ( from ML. interlinearc. to write between lines, from Lat. inter, between + lined, line). In a deed, will, or other legal instrument, additions or corrections, w-ritten either on the margin or between the lines. They do not invalidate or cast suspicion ipon the instrument in which they appear, but there is a presumption that they were inserted after its execution, and that they are not to be taken a;< a part thereof. This presumption may. how- ever, be rebutted by evidence that they formed a part of the original writing at the time of its execution. See EvinEXCE. INTERLTIDE ("An., intcrhiditim. from Lat. intcrlndere. to play between, from inter, between + ludere, to play). In the drama, primarily a short performance interposed between the parts of a longer entertainment, as the play of Pyrn- mus and Thishe in the Midsummer yighf'n Ilream. The tenn was early used of dramatic ^loralities (q.v.). played in the inter'als of banquets and other Court festivities. During the sixteentli century, however, interlude came to be the specific name for a rude form of dramatic representation which sprang from the Aforalities,