Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 10.djvu/551

* ILLtrSTRATION. 477 ILOCOS NORTE. graphic process prints (see Photo-Engraving) ; but there has been also a notable rise and decline of wood-engraving (q.v.). Colored illustrations can be produced now at reasonable cost, and seme of them are of great beauty. ( See Thkee- CoLOB Peocess; LiTHOGKAPHr. ) Of decisive in- fluence upon the development of illustration of the present day are the numerous illustrated magazines and newspapers in America and Europe. See Pebiodicals ; Xewspapebs. That form of illustration which is sometimes called Extra Illustration or Grangerism (from James Granger, died 1770, a celebrated print collector ) is the insertion into a book of pictures which did not originally belong to it. Thus, a history or an historical novel may be illustrated by collecting portraits of men famous at the time dealt with in the book, and scenes of his- torical interest previoush- drawn and engraved, and these prints may be bound into the book or simply laid between its leaves. In this way a book of one volume may be extended to a dozen ; and as some of the plates will be large, the smaller ones are perhaps "inlaid," that is, their edges fitted into a hole cut in a larger sheet of paper, while the printed leaves are treated in the same way, so that all the leaves of the enlarged book may be of the same size. This proceeding has been the cause of the destruction of many valuable books, for a whole volume will be sacri- ficed for the sake of its frontispiece or its illus- trated title-page, or marred by the extraction from it of one or two portraits. ILLUSTRATION, e'lu'stra'syoN', L'. An il- hi^tratod I'aris weekly founded in 1843, modeled on till' lUunI rated London Sea-s. ILLUSTRLERTE ZEITTJNG, M'loos'trer'te tsi'tuong ( Ger., illustrated news ). The oldest German illustrated weekly, founded in Leipzig, by J. J. Weher, in 1843. ILLYR'IANS (Lat. lUyria, from Gk. 'UAupioi, Jlli/rioi, from 'IW^pls, Illyris, 'IWvpia, Jllyria, Illyria). A people of doubtful ethnic kinship, who at the dawn of history inhabited the northern and eastern shores of the Adriatic and the north- western part of modern Greece. From this latter region a migration took place at a very early period across the Ionian Sea to the southeastern corner of Italy. It seems on he whole plausible to regard the modern Albanians as the repre- sentatives of the Illyrians. both in ethnology and in language. See Albania ; Alb.^nian Language. ILLYRICTTM (Lat., from Gk. •lvpiK6p, llhiri!;on, from IXXip/s. lUyris, 'IXKvpia, II- h/ria. Illyria). The Koman name of a country whose limits in ancient times varied very consid- erably. In the fourth century B.C. the Illyrians inhabited the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea and adjacent islands, with the western parts of Macedonia as far south as Epirus. Philip of Macedon conquered the country as far as the river Drilon (modern Drino), and thence arose the division into Ilhiris Gra:ca and lUyris Bar- bara, afterwards Komana. The former, now Al- bania (q.v.), was incorporated with Macedonia. Ilh/rix liarhnra or Romatia was divided into lapydia, Libumia, and Dalmatia. The Illyrians were much addicted to piracy, which soon brought them into collision with the Romans, who waired a successful war against the Tllyrian Queen, Teuta. in B.C. 229. About B.C. 16.S the ■ southern Illyrians became subject to Rome, but the subjugation of the northern Illyrians was not effected until the time of Augustus. Under the Roman Empire the country of the Illyrians, under the name of Dalmatia (in the wider sense), formed the southern part of the diocese of lllyr- icum, which extended as far north as the Dan- ube. . It is represented in modern times by part of Croatia, nearly all of Bosnia, Dalmatia, Herze- govina, Montenegro, and a part of Albania. Under Constantine the prefecture of Illyricum embraced a great part of the Roman dominions in Europe east of the Adriatic. A decree of Na- poleon, October 14, 1809, organized the dominion known as the Illyrian Provinces, erected out of territories taken from Austria. It comprised Carniola, part of Carinthia, most of Croatia, Dalmatia, Istria, Fiume, etc. At his fall these provinces were united as a kingdom to the Aus- trian Empire, and some alterations were made in its boundaries. The kingdom was divided into the two governments of Laibach and Triest, Lai- bach being the capital, which arrangement sub- sisted till 1849, when it was subdivided, for ad- mfnistrative purposes, into the duchies of Carin- thia and Carniola, and the coast district, contain- ing Gorz and Gradisca, Istria and Triest. ILMEN, Il'men or e'ly'-ma-ny'. A lake in the Russian Government of Novgorod, situated about GO feet above the level of the Gulf of Finland (Map: Russia, D 3). Area, over 350 square miles. The banks are mostly low, and in some parts marshy. Ilmen receives many streams, and dis- charges its superfluous water into Lake Ladoga through the Volkhov. The fisheries of the lake are extensive, and exploited largely by artels (q.v.). There is steam navigation during the summer between Novgorod and Staraia Russa. ILMENITE (so called from the Ilmen moun- tains in the southern Urals), or Menaccanite. A mineral with the composition (FeTi).O.. pos- sessing a semi-metallic lustre, and a color rang- ing from brown to iron-black. It occurs in scattered grains and crystals as an abundant constituent of certain igneous rocks, including basalt, diabase, and gabbro, and of magnetic iron ore. The proportion of titanium, which varies within wide limits, gives rise to a num- ber of varieties of ilmenite, such as kibdelo- pliane, crichtonite, hystalHe. mohsite, etc. When mi.xed with magnetite (titaniferous iron ore) in any considerable amount it greatly lessens the value of the latter for smelting purposes. 11- nenite is found at various localities in Russia, Ncrway, France, in the Adirondacks of New 'ork, in Connecticut, ^Massachusetts, and in Canada. ILME'NItrM (Neo-Lat.. from the Ilmen mountains in the southern Urals). A name given to a nii.xture of columbium and tantalum, which was at one time mistaken for an element. ILOCANO, e'16-k.a'nA. A Malay people widely spread in Northwestern Luzon, {laving distinc- tive sjjeech. alphabet, and culture. See Philip- pine IsLAMlS. ILOCOS NORTE, Molcfts nor'ta. A Philip- pine province occupying the northwestern corner of the island of Luzon. It is bovinded on the west and north by the China Sea, on the east by the provinces of Cagayfln and Abra, and on the south by the latter and Uocos Sur. Its area is 1873 square miles. It is traversed from north to south by a chain of mountains rising in Mount