Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 10.djvu/383

* HUNS. 329 HUNT. now threw themselves upon the protection of the Emperor Valens, who in a.d. .376 gave permission to a great number of them to cross the Danube and settle in the countries on the south side as auxiliaries to the Roman arms against further invasion. The Huns now occupied all the ter- ritories that had been abandoned by the Goths; and when the latter not long afterwards re- volted against Valens, the Huns also crossed the Danube and joined their arms to those of the Goths in hostilities against the Empire of the East. In the wars that followed the Huns were not so conspicuous as the Goths, their for- mer enemies, and but little is known of them during the remainder of the fourth century. It is supposed, however, that early in the following century they were joined by fresh hordes. In the reign of Theodosius the Younger they had in- creased so considerably in power that their sov- ereign Rugilas, or Roas, was paid an annual tribute to secure the Empire of the East from further injury. Rugilas. dying in the year 434. was succeeded in the sovereignty of the Huns by his nephews At- tila and Bleda. The latter was put to death by his brother about 444. Attila carried his arms as far west as Gaul, where the Romans and Visigoths successfully encountered him on the Catalaunian Plain. In the following year he ravaged Italy, and Rome itself was saved, it is said, only through the awe which its Bishop. Leo I., inspired in the barbarian conqueror. With Attila's death, about 4.54, the power of the Huns was broken. A few feeble sovereigns succeeded him, but there was strife now everywhere among the nations that had submitted to Attila, and the Huns especially never regained their power. Many of them took service in the armies of the Romans, and others joined fresh hordes of in- vaders from the north and east, aiding them in their repeated attacks upon the Empire. HUNT, Helen. See J.^^ckson, Helen ( Fiske Hunt). HUNT, Henry (177.3-1835). An English poli- tician, bom at Widdington Farm. Wiltshire, and educated by tutors and in private schools. Though destined for the ministry, he turned to farming, which he followed intermittently until within a few years of his death. He was impris- oned in 1800 for challenging to a due! the com- manding officer of the Marlborough Troop, in 1810 for an assault upon a gamekeeper, and again in 1810 for two years for his part in the Peterloo massacre. In politics he was a Radical, and allied himself with Sir Francis Burdett, Home Tooke, William Cobbett. and others of the same party, though he later published a pamphlet in which Burdett was charged with wavering loyalty to the reform, and was alienated from Cohhett through his own over-zealousness and political mistakes. He was often a candidate for Parlia- ment and contested many elections. In 18.31, through the retirement of the successful candi- date, he obtained a seat from Preston, and ad- vocated strenuously women's rights, universal suf- frage, and the repeal of the corn laws. He man- aged to exercise considerable influence upon local politics, and his public speeches, though positive and demagogic, were always impressive; but his disagreeable personality found him few followers in Parliament, and in 1833 he retired to private life. HUNT. Henbt .Jackson (1819-89). An Amer- ican sohlier. born in Detroit. Mich. His father, Sauniel W. Hunt, was an army oflicer. and after his death the son was appointed to West Point, where he graduated in 1830. He was imme- diateU' assigned to the artillery arm of the service. His first active service was on the Canadian frontier in 1830. during the disturb- ances arising from the Canadian Rebellion, after which he continued in garrison duty until the Mexican War. He .served with the Second Artil- lery in Scott's advance from Vera Cruz to the City of Mexico, distinguishing himself particu- larly at Contreras and Churubusco. and being twice wounded at the battle of Molino del Rey (September 8, 1847). He was brevetted captain and major for his services. He afterwards served on the frontier for some years, and in 1856 was appointed a member of the board to revise the sys- tem of light-artillery tactics. He was promoted captain in 1852. and at the outbreak of the Civil War was stationed at Fort Pickens, Fla., from April to June, 1861. Promoted major in May of that year, he conunanded the artillery on the extreme left at the battle of Bull Run. He was in command of artillery in the defenses of Wash- ington in the summer of 1861, and in the Septem- ber following was promoted colonel, attached to General McClellan's staff, and assigned to or- ganize and command the artillery reserve of the Army of the Potomac. He served throughout the Peninsular campaign, his disposition of the artil- lery at the battle of Malvern Hill (.July 1. 1862) being especially praiseworthy, and in .September became chief of artillery of the Army of the Potomac, a position which he held until the end of the war. lie participated in the battle of South Mountain on September 14. IStii. ami on the fol- lowing day was appointed brigadier-general of United States volunteers. He served thereafter at Antietani, at Fredericksburg, where his artil- lery fire rendered possible the crossing of the Rap- pahannock, at Cliancellorsville. and at Gettys- burg, where the withering fire from his batteries rendered impossible the success of Pickett's bril- liant charge and turned the tide of battle in favor of the Federal arms, .fter serving in the Wil- derness campaign with distinction he contintied on Grant's stall' until the close of hostilities, re- ceiving the brevet ranks of major-general of vol- unteers and hrig.idicr-general in the I'nited States Army. In the winter of 1865-66 he was in com- mand of the military district of Arkansas. In 1866 he was made colonel in the reorganized army, placed in conunand of the Fifth Artillery, and appointed president of the permanent Artil- lery Board. He commanded the Department of the South from 1880 to 1SS3. when he retired and became governor of the National Soldiers' Home at Washington. He published Iiixtriirtinii for field ArtiUcrti (1860). and three articles on the battle of Gettysburg in the Ccnturti (New York, 1886), later repiblished in linttlcn and, Leaders of the Civil War (New Y'ork, 1887). HUNT, Isaac (1751-1800). An English law- yer and loyalist in the .-Vmerican Revolutionary era. father of Leigh Hunt, the poet. He was born in Barbados, West Indies, was sent to school in Philadelphia and studied law there, but the col- lege declined to grant him an M.-A. degree on ac- count of his anonymous literary productions, which were highly disnleasinc to the popular sentiment of the time. When the Revolution was