Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 10.djvu/324

* HUDDERSFIELD. 284 HUDSON. tiire (Mnp: England, K 3). C'oal-inining and stone-quarrying are also protitiibli' industries. The town is well built, with si>aeious tlior- lughfares, and tine ecclesiastical, public, and commercial buildings. The town hall and market hall are noteworthy. It has a proprietary col- lege atliliated to the London I'niversily, a col- legiate school, and other educational institutions, its muni<'ipal government is of a high order and the corporation has been a pione«'r in several economic features. Artisans' dwellings were es- tablished in IS'i'.i for married couples, and for single women as well as for bachelors. Iludders- field was the first to own and work its tram- ways; it owns its gas, water, and electric works, and several beautiful parks; maintains free pub- lic libraries, an art gallery, public baths and wash-houses, slaughterhouse, markets, technical schools, fire brigade, a hospital, cemet<'ries, and a modem system of refuse and sewage disposal. It was the (irst town to adopt an eight hour labor day. It is the seat of a I'nited States {(in- sulate. .lthough a town mentioned in the Domesday Book, its importance dat<'s only from the establishment of the woiden maniifaclure in the eighteenth centurv. Population, in 1801, 95,- 400; in HIOl, 0,'i.OOO." HXT'DIBRAS. See Butler, Samuel. HUDIBRAS, Sib. A foolhardy and pessi- mistic char.ictcr, the suitor of Perissa, in Spen- der's hdcrie Queene, probably meant to represent Puritanism. HUD'SON. A town in Middlesex County, Mass.. 2S miles west of Boston; on .ssabet River, and on the Fitchburg and the Boston and Maine railroads (Map: Massaehusetts. 1) .'t). It has a public library. There are manufactures of leath- er, leather and rubber shoes. rubl«'r gossamer clothing, rubber goring and webbing, and wooden and paper boxes. 'Hie government is adminis- tered by town meetings. The water-works and electric-light plant are owned and ojK'rated bv the town. Pojiulation, in 18!tO, 4070; in 1000, 5454. HtTDSON. A city and the county-seat of Columbia County, N. Y., 28 miles south of Al- bany : on the east bank of the Hudson River, and on the New York Central ami Hudson River, tbc Boston and .lhany, and other railroads (Map: New York, G ,T). It is finely situated on the slope of Prospect Hill, and has a number of noteworthy buildings, the State House of Refuge for Women, State Volunteer Firemen's Home, Hudson Orphan Asylum, State Armory, and the court-house, city hall, and city hospital. Public Square and Franklin Scpiarc ))arks. and Promenade and Reservoir hills are also of inter- est. There arc extensive maniifactures of knit goods, car-wheels, ale, lumber, tobacco, iron, machinery, stoves, furnaces, etc. Under a char- ter of 1805, the government is administered by .a mayor, elected biennially, and a city council. The waterworks are owned and operated by the municipality. Population, in 1800. 0070: in 1900, 0.528. Hudson was settled as Claverack Landing by New Knglanders in 1783: its present name was adopted in 1784, and a city charter was received in 1785. For some years the city carried on an extensive foreign trade, and was an important whalin".' port, but its shipping was almost completely destroyed in the War of 1812. HUDSON. A city and the county-seat of Saint C roi.x Cointy, Wis., 10 miles east of Saint Paul, Minn.; on Lake Saint Croi.x, an ex|>ansion of the Saint Croix River, and on the Chicago, Saint Paul, Minneapolis and t)maha Railroad (.Map: Wisconsin, A 4). It has saw and flour mills, box, furniture, and briMim factories, breweries, railroad car and nuieliine sluqis, and also a large (old-storage ))lant, the city being the centre of a region that is interested in raising vegetable-, small fruits, poultry, etc., for shipment. Thi-ic is a wcll-e(piippc<l sanatorium. The water-work- and electric-light jilant for street lighting arc owned bv the municipality. Population, in 1800. 2885; in 1000, 3259. HUDSON, Cii.Mii.i;s (1795-1881). An Amcri can clergyman, politician, and author, born in lA'xington, Mass. He was educated for tin Church, which he entered as a Cniversalist in 1819, and he presided over a congregation in Westminster, ^lass., until 18.'i9. Beginning his political career in the House of Representatives in his own State, he afterwards went to Congress (1841-491, and then was made naval olliccr at the port of Boston, a position he retained four years, and then exchangel it for others in the public service. Besides editing a Boston daily newsjiaper, he wrote nuich upon historical and political topics for the periodical press. His IxMiks include: Letters to llti llosea Ilallou (1827); History of ^'esttninster (1832): and a llixloiii of Lexington ( 1808), with a genealogical register of its families. HUDSON, Erasmis r).RWix (1843-87). An .merican physician, born in M:issachusett.s. lf graduated at the College of the City of New York in 184. and at the Colle^'c of Pliysician-, and Surgeons, New York City, in 1807. DuriuL' 1807-08 he was house surgeon at Bcllevue Hospi- tal. In 1800-70 he was liealth inspector of New York City; in 1870 was attending jiliysiiian to the class for diseases of the eye in the out-door department of Bcllevue Hospital; was attending jdiysician at Northwestern Dispensary *n 1870-72, and attending' physician to Trinity Chapfd |)arish and Trinity Home in 1870 75. He was appointed professor of principles and practice of mcdiiiin' at the Woman's Medical College of thi' New ^ ork Intirmary in 1872. and held that position for ten years: and from 1882 until his death was professor of general medicine and diseases of the chest in the New York Polyclinic. He was the author of the following |)rofessional works: "Report of Pulse and Respiration of Infants." in Eliot's Ohntctric Clinic (1872) ; Doctors. Hygiene and Thernpeutics (1877) : Methods of Examining 'Weak Chests (1885) ; Limitations of the Diagno- sis of Malaria (1885) ; Home Treatment of Con- sumjttires (1886); and Physical Diagnosis of Thoracic Diseases {2i ed. 1887 > HUDSON, Frkderic (1819-75). .^n. ierican journ:iIi-t. luirn in Quincy. Mass. -After a com- mon-school education he went to New York City in 1836. and became attached to the New York Herald, of which he soon became managing edi- tor, which position he held luitil ISOO. His long experience and diligence in collecting fjave him abundant material for his' Urcnrd of .Journnlism in the T'niled States from IGUfl to 7S7?. pub- lished in 1873. which is perhaps the most accu- rate and interesting history yet published of