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* HUBBARD. 280 HTTBE. Message to (larcia |18!)8). an nrraipiment of the careless employee, and Time and Chance (1001). a graphic sketch of .Jolin Brown's career. HTTBBABD. Gardiner Greene (1822-97). An AiMoriciin lawyer, born in Boston. After graduatinf; at Dartmouth (1S4I) anil complet- ing the law course at Harvanl. he hegan the practice of his profession in Boston, where he lived until 187.3, when he removed to Washing- ton. D. C Here he was intimately connected with the organization and development of the American Bell Telephone Company. He was the founder, and for many yeiirs the president, of the National Geographic Swiety. and was a trus- tee of several inijiortant educational institutions. Hubbard devoted much attention to the ad- vancement of oral instruction among deaf mutes. He made a large collection of etchings and en- gravings, which were given by his widow to the Library of (iingrcss with a fun<I for additions. HTTBBABD, .Joseph Still.man (1823-G3). An American astronomer, born in New Haven, Conn. He graduated at Yale College in 1843. and the next year went to Philadelphia, where he acted as assistant to Sears Cook Walker, who had built the observatory of the Philadelphia High School. Soon afterward he accepted a posi- tion offered him by General Trf'-mont, then a lieutenant, as computor of the observations for latitude and longitude made during the explorer's journey across the continent. On May 7, 184.'5. he was appointe<l to a vacancy in the corps of professors of mathematics in the Navy, and was assigned to the Washington Observatory, where he remained <luring the rest of his life. He con- tributed frci|ucntly to the Aslronomical Journal and twice, for long priods, was its editor. Dur- ing his connection with the Washington Observa- tory he made a number of comctary investiga- tions and important computations, lie was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and of various other scientific societies. HUBBARD, Lucks Frederick (1836—). An American soldier. He was born in Troy. N. Y., went to school in Granville. N. Y., learned the trade of a tinsmith, and followed it for three years in Chicago. In 1857 he started a news- paper in Re<l Wing. Minn., and afterwards served in the Civil War. conduiting himself gallantly and becoming briga<lier-gcncral. Later he en- gijged in railroad building and milling. He was a State Senator (l.s72-7fil. (kivernor of Min- nesota (1882-87), and in the Spanish-American War commanded a volunteer brigade. HUBBARD, Oliver Payson (18001900). An American chemist, born at Pomfret, Conn, He was educated at Hamilton College, where he studie<l in 182.i-2(!, and at Yale, where he grad- uated in 1828. He was assistant at Yale to Ben- jamin Silliuian. From 1830 to 18(i(? he occupied the chair of chemistry, pharmacy, mineralogy, and geology at Dartmouth College. From 18(16 to 1871 he was a general lecturer on those subjects, and from 1871 until his retirement as professor emeritus in 1883 was again connected with the faculty of Dartmouth, holding the professorship of chemistry and pharmacy. In 1832 he made investigations in the Kastern I'nited States in connection with the examination conducted by Silliman for the Secretary of the Treasury in regaril to the cultivation of the sugarcane. He ■was a member of the New Hampshire State Leg- islature in 1863-64, and a secretary of the Ameri- can Association of Geologists and Naturalists in 1844. He published a Lecture /iitroduclorii to the Eighty-third Coursr of the rw Hampshire Medical Institute at Dartmouth f'ullcge (1879) and a llistunj of Dartmouth Medical College ( 1880), and contributed to the American -/ournal of Science : "Observations Made Duringan Kxi-ur- sion to the White Mountains" ( 1838), "Geological .Surveys of New York, Ohio, Indiana, and .Mich- igan" (1840-41), "Condition of Trap Dikes in New Hampshire" (1850), and other articles. HUBBARD, Richard Wim.iam (1817—). . .mh ricaii painter, born at Middletown, Conn. He studied under Daniel Huntington, and in France. His landscapes include: ".Meadows Near Utica" (18)in); "Vermont Hills" (1874); "Autumn. Lake George"; "Connecticut Pastoral" (1880); "Lake in the Adirondacks" (1883); and ■D.iun in the .Meadows" (188.5), HUBBARD, Wii.UAM (1621-1704). . American clergynum and historian, born in Kng- land. As a child he was l)rouglit by his parents to New England, graduated at Harvard (l(i42), was ordained, and became assistant and after- wards pastor of the Congregational church at Ipswich, Mass., a post which he resigned Imt a year before his death. He wrote, at the order of the Colonial Government, which paid him fifty pounds for it, a llislorti of New England, mainly compilation, which liarely escaped destruction l)y fire when Gov. Thomas Hutchinson's house was mobbed in 1765. The Massachusetts Historical Society printed it in 1815. He wrote also A Xarrutire of Troubles uith the Indians (1677). which was for years popular in New England, and was even reprinted at the l)cginning of the nine- teenth century at Worcester, .Mass.. ISOl, and Rox- bury. -Mass., 1805. It is full of errors, hut illus- trates what was regarded by the writer's contem- poraries as an elegant prose style. Minor works are a volume of sermons (1684) and Testimony of the Order of the Gospel in Churches ( 1701 ). HUB'BARDTON. A (own in Rutland County. 't.. IS miles northwest of Rutland(Map: Vermont. B 7). It was the scene of a sharp conflict on .luly 7. 1777, between the rear-guard of (icncral Saint Clair's army, retreating from Ticonderoga. and a British and Hessian force under (icnerals Eraser and Kiedesel. The .Ameri- cans under Colonels Warner ami Francis were defeated, with a total loss in killed, wounded, and prisoners of 324 men. nearly one-third their number, while the British loss was only 183. A monument commemorates the battle. Popula- tion, in 1890. .506; in 1900. 488. HUBE, hiTT.'bf, RoMfALD (1803-90). A Polish jurist, born at Warsaw, and educated there, at Cracow, and in Berlin. From 1820 to 1832 he was professor of criminal law at Warsaw, then became head of a committee on revision of the laws of Poland, and was for a time profes- sor at Saint Petersburg. In 1846. and again in 1807, he went with Count Bludoff on diplomatic missions to Rome, He died at Warsaw after thirteen years' service in the Russian Council of State, His works include: treatises on penal law (1828) : on Polish criminalists ( 1830) ; Antiquis- simtr Const itutiones Synodales Provineiw Qnes- nensis (1856) : Loi ftalif/ue (1867) ; Uistoire de la formation de la loi Bourguignonne (1867); Droit romain et grico-byzantin ches les peuples