Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 10.djvu/230

* HOPKINS. aoa HOPKINS. and Sanskrit, to fill the chair left vacant by the death of Whitnov. Besides numerous contribu- tiou-i to llie Oriental and .liiloloKical journals of

ierica, he is Hie author of several important bonks connecU-d with India: The Four tkwtcatn Uaiiu (1H84); l{iliorn in Scituate. R. I. In the Kevolutioiiari- War ho was at first a brigadier- peneral in the army, but in 1775 Congress com- mis^^ioned him coiimiander in-chief of the new

ierican Naw. W a-hinirton officially addrj'ssed him as admiriil. He w.nt to sea in I'ebruary, 177ti, with four ships and three sloops, and took the forts at New Providence, with all the ffuns. ammunition, and stores. On his return )ic seized a Hritisli schooner and a bomb-brig. His later operations were less fortunate, and in January. 1777, he was dismissed from the ser- vice l>ecause he let the dhisfioii- jrct away from him and failo34. His early education was con- ducted under Presbvterian and independent in- fluences. He graduated B.A. at Oxford (lf).">3), and became chaplain of Magdalen College (1050). In 1662 ho conformed, and was presented to the living of Saint .Mary Woolnoth. in London. When the great plague broke out in the capital (1666), Hopkins withdrew to Exeter, where he obtained the living of Saint ;Mary's. When Lord Robartes was made Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (1669), Hopkins went with him to Dublin, and through his inllucnce obtained the deanery of Raphoe (1670), and in 1671 the bishopric of Raphoe. In 1681 he was made Bishop of Lon- donderry. In the course of the siege of the town by the Irish adherents of .lames II.. in 1680, Hopkins withdrew from the town, and retired first to Raphoe and afterwards to London, where he was made rector of Saint Alarv' Aldermanbury (1689). This charge he held until his death, June 19. 1690. His works, which have been fre- quently remiblished. comprise: ffcrmon.i: Exposi- tions of the Deralntjue and the Lord'.t Prayer; and elaborate discourses on Repeneralion and The Vanitii of Ihe World. The best edition of his collected works is by Pratt (London. 1809). HOPKINS, .Toiix Henry (1792-1868). A Protestant Episcopal bishop. He was born in Dublin. Ireland. .)anuar>- .30. 1792: came to the United States in 1801, and became an iron-manu- facturer in Pennsylvania. Xot succeeding in business, he studied law. and began practice in Pittsburg, but in 1823 he entered the ministrj- of the Protestant Episcopal Church. In 1831 he ac- cepted the charge of Trinity Church. Boston, and the next year was chosen Bishop of Vermont, tak- ing also the rectorship of a chiircli in Burlington. He took great interest in education, and made heavy pecuniary sacrifices for its promotion. Af- ter 1856 he devoted his whole time to the super- vision of the diocese. Hopkins was a prolific writer, leaving nearly twenty published works, among which are: Christianity Vindicated (1833) ; The I'rimilice Crctd Examined and Ex- plained (1834); The yovelties tDhivh Disturb Our i'eacc (1844) ; Hislury of the Confessional (1850); The American Cilizen, His Rights and Duties (1857) ; .1 Scriptural, Ecclcsiastieal, and Historical View of HIatery (1864). He was prominent in the Lambeth Conference in London in 1867. He died at Rock Point, Vt., January 9, 1868. Consult his biography (Xow York, 1873), bv his son .ToilN Hknby (1820-91). " HOPKINS, .Ion xs (1795 1873). An Ameri- can finam ier and philanthropist. He was born of (juaker parentage in Anne Arundel County, ild., where he lived on a farm until he was seventeen, when he went to Baltimore, and worked for a time in his uncle's growry. After- wards he became a merchant, with wide connec- tions in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. His credit and counsel were highly valued in financial and mercantile afTairs, and he became one of the loading linancial men in Baltiinore. His services to the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad were of great value. Toward the end of his life, having no children, he determined to devote his fortune to the service of the public. Accordingly, in addition to minor gifts to individuals and charities, he founded and endowed two great institutions which perpetuate his name — Hie Johns Hopkins Univei-sity and Johns Hopkins Hospital, whose activities are united in the.lohns Hopkins Medical School. The total gift for these two purposes was more than $7,000,000. HOPKINS, LEMrEL ( 17.50- 1801). An Ameri- can piiliti.al jioet. born in Connecticut. H<' prac- ticed medicine at Litchticld. ;nid after 1784 m Hartford, where he bceanie allied with the 'Hart- ford Wits.' .Joel Barlow, John Trumbull, David Humiihrcvs, Theodore Dwight. and others, and with thein wrote: The Political arrrnhnuse. The Echo, and— advocating strong federal govern- ,„ent'_7'/ie Anarchiad (republished at ITiirtford, 1861). Hopkins also wrote The Hypocrite's Hope and The Victim of a Cancer Quack. HOPKINS, JUrk (1802-87). -^n American educator, grandnephew of the theologian Samuel Hopkins, and brother of the astronomer Albert Hopkins. He was born at Stockbridgc, Mass., was educated at Williams College, was tutor there for two vears. and, after studying medicine and practicing for a short time in New York, became professor of moral philosophy in Williams in 1830 and (iresidcnt of the institution in 1836. He resigned this position in 1872, but remained collo'c preacher and incumbent of the chair of moral philosophv. In 1857 he had become presi- dent of the American Board of Foreign ^Iissions. l^ndoubtcdlvone of the greatest of American edu- cators of his dav, Hopkins did much to build up the prestige of Williams College and much more to develop the individual student. He was a power- ful preacher and a successful lecturer. He pub- lished: The Influence of the Gospel in Liherahz- inn the Mind (1831); The Connexion Betueen Taste and Morals (1841): his Lowell Lectures, The Evidences of Christianity (3d ed. 1875) ; Miscellaneous Essays and Reineirs (1847); a second scries of Lowell Lectures. Moral Science (1862); The Law of Lore and Lore as a Law (last ed. 1881) ; An Outline Study of Man (last ed. 1893): Strcnoth and Reauty (1874; in 1884 under the title Teachings and Counsels) ; and The Scriptural Idea of Man (1883).