Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 10.djvu/170

* HOLLAND. 146 HOLLAND. tric-Hpht plant are owned by the niiinieipalily. Koiindi'd in 1847 by Dutch settlers, llollaml was clmrtcred as a city in l!S(i7. Its inliabitants are still larfjelv of Dutch descent. Population, in 18!»0. .i'.U.-.;" in 1900, 7790. HOLLAND. A variety of unbleached linen cloth used largely for window-shades and in up- holstery for covering furniture. The name is derived" from the fact that it was first manufac- tured in Holland. See Linkx. HOLLAND. Ki).MiNii Mii.TON (1848—). An American c<imcdian. born in New York City, the son of George Holland, who was also a well- known nctor. He appeared upon the stage in nhildhood, but his regular professional career began in 18(i(j at Barnum"s Miseiim. The ne.t year, under the name of Mr. E. Milton, he became a niemlHT of Wallack's company, with which he played successfully in The Road to Ruin, Caste, and other pieces "till ISSO. After ati interval, during which he made a tour in England, he was engaged in 1882 at the Madison 8(piare Theatre. Among his characters in the years that followed were Pittacus Green in Hazel Kirke. Old Rogers in Esmeralda, Captain Redwood in Jim the I'en- man, and Colonel Carter in Colonel Carter of Cartcrsvillc. the last-named at Palmer's Theatre. Beginning in 18!>5 he and his brother Joseph starred for about two years in .1 Social IJigli- uaymaii, and other plays. Two of his more re- cent rOlcs were those of Leopold Kolditz in Hearts are Trumps (1900). and Ehen Ilolden (1901). Consult: McKay and Wingate, Famous American Actors of To-Day (New York, 1890); Strang, Famotis Actors of the Da;/ in America (Boston. 1900). HOLLAND, Sir Henry (1788-187.'?). An Engli-li |ihysician. natural philosopher, and au- thor, born at Knutsford. England. He was edu- cated at London and Eilinburgh. receiving his medical degree at the fniversity of Edinburgh in 1811. He tra^-eled extensively during his life; practiced medicine from 1815 till his death; was elected fellow of the Koynl College of Physicians in I82S; physician-in-ordinary to the Prince Consort in 1840, and in 18.52 to Queen Victoria; was made a baronet in 18.5."!; and was very promi- nent medically, socially, and in literary circles. He was the author of Medical y'oles and Reflec- tions (1840): Chapters on Mental Phiisioloi;;/ (1852); Essays on Scientific Subjects (1862); and Rec'illerlinns of a Past Life (1871). HOLLAND. Henry Fo.v, Baron (1705-74). An Englisli politician. He was ihe younger son of Sir Stephen Fox. He was elected to Parlia- ment as a Whig in 17.33, and two years later ■was appointed surveyor-general of works by Wal- polc. After his chief's fall he was Lord of the Treasury (174.'?), and Secretary of War (174(1). In 1755 he was bribed by a seat in the Cabinet to back George 11. 's measures, and quickly be- came leader of the House. But in 1750 he re- signed, and a year later he entered upon the lucrative office of P.nvmaster-General. Grenville's resignation in 1702 made liini again leader of the House of Commons. The task of getting the Peace of Paris approved he accomplislied by wholesale corruption and browlx-ating (1703); but made himself po unpopular that he gladly resigned. He kept the Paymaster-Generalship until 1765. The Court of Exchequer brought proceedings against him, and the Mayor of Lon- don ( 17(i!i) spoke of him in a jn'tition to George III. as "the i)ublic defaulter of millions," but he had served the King so well that all attacks were unsuccessful even when he was out of favor at Court. HOLLAND, llKNRY KiciiAKU 'as,s,m,i, I'ox, Lord ( ITT.'MSKt) . . English politician, son of Stephen, second Lord Holland, and nephew of Charles James Fox. He entered the House of Lords in 1798, and won especial fame by his protests, later collected bv Movlan: The Oiiinions of Lord Holland, i7!*7-li'i« " ( 1841 ) . He was soon recognized as a power in the Whig Party, and fought against suspension of the Habeas Corpus .ct, against the union with Ireland, and for the rci)eal of the Test and Corporation Acts. He was a commissioner (1800) to negotiate a treaty with .merica. When his uncle ilied he w-as a member of the privy coimcil. and was a member of the Cabinet of 1800 as Lord Privy Seal. When his party was restored to [xiwer in IS.'iO he became chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. He is best known, perhaps, as the host of Holland House, and the centre with Lady Holland of the brilliant company that gathered there. Besides his important History of the Whirl Party During My Time, eiliti'd by his son (1852). he wrote: .S'ohic Account of the Life and W'ritinfis of Lope Felix de Ve;ia Carpio (1800). Uin Foreign Rcminijiccnces (1850) gives vivid, but not entirely trustworthy, pictures of his times. HOLLAND, Henry Scott (1847—). An Eng- lish pre:ulier and theologian, born at Ledbury in Herefordshire. He was educated at Eton and Oxford, was made canon (1844), and precentor (1880) of Saint Paul's Cathedral, London. His Iiublications include several volumes of sermons, such as l.ogie and Life (1882). HOLLAND, .TosiAii Giijieut (1819-81). An American journalist and author, born at Belcher- town, Mass.. July 24, 1819. He gra<luated at Berkshire Medical College, Pittsfield, Mass., in 1844, practiced medicine three years, was made school superintendent at Vicksburg. Miss., be- came assistant editor of the Springlield Repuhli- ean (1849-00). and made that jouniiil attain great inlluencc in Xew England. Here he pub- lished his History of Western Ma.isiwhusctts (1855). and during these years gained distinc- tion as a popular lecturer. On his return from two years in Europe (1808-70), he founded Serih- ner's Monthly, which absorbed successively Hour* at Home. I'utnam's Magazine, and Old and A'eir, and. under changed ownership, is the present Cenlurt/ Maqatine. Of this he remained editor till his deatli in Xew York, Octol)er 12, 1881. Of his many volumes of fiction and verse, the earlier Avere pui>lishcd under the assumed name of Timo- thy Titcomb. The more noteworthy of the novels are: The Ray Path (1857) ; Miss Gilbert's Career (1800): Arthur Bonnieastle (1873): The Strrry of Seven Oaks (1875); and Xieholas Minturn (1876). Of the poems the most |)opular are: Bittersucet (1858) : Kathritia (1807) ; and Gar- nered Sheaves (1873). Noteworthy also are Let- ters to Young People (1858); Letters to the Joneses (1863); Plain Talk on Familiar Suh- jeets (1805): Life of Lincoln (1805): and The Mistress of the Manse (1874). His prose and verse are alike clean in diction and thought.