Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 09.djvu/69

* GORDON. 47 GORE. Swedish and Polish aniiies successively. In 1001 he entered the Russian sen'ice. m which he remained until his death. The Czar Alexis sent him on a mission to En{;land. where he had an interview with Charles II. Althoufrh raised to the rank of lieutenant-general in the Russian service, and in hif;li favor with the boy Czar. Peter, yet on another visit to England in 1085 he greatly desired to enter the army of James II. Peter would not grant him his request, and soon afterwards promoted him to the highest rank — that of general. In the contest between Peter and his sister Sophia, which resulted in a revolution, it was chiefly through Gordon's help that Peter triumphed. His last years were spent in opulence and honor. Gordon kept a journal during the last forty yeai-s of his life, which was published at ^loscow and Saint Peters- burg in three volumes in 1849-.5.3. under the title Tagebuch des Genei-aJs Patrick Gordon zum erstcnmal voUstiiiidip reroffentlicht durch Dr. P. M. C. Posselt, and a part of it was published in English in 18.59. as Passages from the Diary of General Patrick Gordon of AuchleuchrieS'. GORDON, P.TEICK (1044-1736). An English soldier and Colonial Governor in America, After serving for some years in the English Army, he was appointed Governor of Pennsylvania in 1720. and held this ])Osition until his death. A man of ability and character, he was one of the most popular of the Colonial governors of the province, and was successful for the most part in winning the confidence of the Indians, though it was during his administration in 173.3 that they were virtually defrauded of part of their lands by the famous 'walking purchase,' Gordon published Tico Indian Treaties at Conestoijoe (1728), GORDON, WlLLi.M ( 1728-1807 ) . An English clergyman and writer, born at Hitchin, Hert- fordshire. He entered the independent ministry in 1752 at Ipswich, preached at Southwark from 1704 to 1770, emigrated to America in the latter year, settled at Roxbury, ilass., and re- mained in America until 1786, when he re- turned to England, where he subsequently held several pastorates, ^^^^le in America, during the Revolutionary War, he strongly sided with the Patriot Party, and in 1788 published, in four volumes, a Tlistory of the Fise and Independence of the United l^tatrs. Including the Late War, which for more than one lnuidred years was con- sidered one of the most valuable sources for the history of the Revolution, but which has recently been shown to have been plagiarized, in large part, from the Annual Register, and from Ram- sey's History of the Revolution in South Caro- lina, which he saw in manuscript. Consult Libhy, "A Critical Examination of Gordon's History of the Revolution." in the Report of the Americ<in Historical Association for 1899 (Wash- ington, 1900 ). He also wrote a Treatise Con- cerning Religious Affections (1702); and was a contributor to the Protestant Dissenter's Maga:;ine. GORDON-CtTMMING, Constakce Fkedebica (1837 — ). A Scotch traveler and writer, the daughter of Sir William Gordon-C'umming. She spent many years traveling in the East, and published, among other books of travel, At Home in Fiji and Xew Zealand; A Lady's Cruise in a French ilan-of-War Among the South Sea- Islands; Granite Crags in California; Via Corn- irall to Egypt; In the Himalayas (1870) ; and Five Fountains of Hawaii (1883), She also wrote Work for the Blind in China ( 1888), which is now incorporated in The Inventor of the jVw- nicrul Type for China (1898). an .accovmt of the life and work of Rev. W. H. Murray of Peking. GORDON HIGHLANDERS. See High- L.NI)KU.S. GORDONIA, gor-do'ni-a (Neo-Lat., named in honor of James Gordon, a London nurseryman of the eighteenth century). A genus of trees and shrubs of the order Ternstroemiacc*. of which several species are natives of America. Of these the most important is the loblolly bay ((/o)-donia Lasianthus), which is found in swamps near the seacoast from Virginia to the Gulf of Mexico. •Moist tracts of considerable extent are often covered with this tree alone. It attains a height of 50 or 00 feet, has oblong, leathery, evergreen leaves, and beautiful white sweet-scented flowers more than an inch in diameter. The bark is much used for tanning. The wood is handsome, resembles mahogany, but is very perishable. In England it is cultivated with some difficulty, and generally appears as a mere bush. Gordonia pubescens or Gordonia altamaha, an American, species, is of interest on account of the entire disappearance of the tree in its original habitat; it is wholly unknown in a wild state. It is said to be hardy as far north as Massachusetts, and all the specimens now growing are believed to have sprung from a single tree that long stood in Bartram's garden in Philadelphia. A number of other species of this genus are found in Eastern Asia. As ordinarily seen in cultivation, they are all shrubs. See Bay. GORDON RIOTS. The name given to a mob uprising, directed against the Roman Catholics, which occurred in London in 1780. See Gordon, George. GOR'DY, .JoHX Pancoa.st (1851—). An American educator, born in Maryland. He re- ceived an academic education and also studied at Leipzig. He was professor of education at Ohio University (Athens) from 1880 to 1890; at the Ohio State LTni versify (Cohunbus) from 1890 to 1900; and in 1901 "was appointed to a similar chair in New York LTniversity, His most important publication is the Political His- tory of the United States, with Special Refer- ences to the Grotvth of Political Parties (vols, 1. and ii., 2d revised ed. 1902). GORE. An abatement in heraldry. It con- sists of two curved lines which meet in an acute angle at the centre oi the escutcheon. GORE, Mrs. Catherixe Grace (1799-1861). An English novelist, the daughter of a wine- merchant named Moody, and born at East Ret- ford, Xottinghamshire, In 1823 she married Capt. Charles Arthur Gore. Her first novel was Theresa Marchmont, or the Maid of Honor (1824). Some of her early novels, as the Lcttre de Cachet (1827), and the Tuileries. were vivid descriptions of the French Revolution; brit her greatest successes were her novels of English fashionable life, conspicuous among which were: Cecil, or the Adventures of a Coxcomb ( 1841 ) , and its sequel. Cecil, a Peer (1841): The .Am- bassador's Wife (1842) : and The Banker's Wife (1843). She also wrote a prize comedy entitled Quid pro Quo, or the Days of Dupes; a popular