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* HABT. 596 HABT. His father raised and commanded the company known as 'The Jersey Blues,' hicli lie led to Quebec just in time to share in Wolfe's victory. John took an active part in the pre-Kevolutioji- ary agitation, and was several times elected to the Provincial Legislature. In 1776 he was elect- ed to the Continental Congress. During the Brit- ish invasion of New Jersey his farm was ravaged, and he himself became a fugitive until the battle of Trenton, when the British withdrew and he was alilo to return to his home. HABT, John Seeley (1810-77). An Ameri- can educator. He was born in Stockbridge, Mass.; graduated at Princeton in 1830. and four years later became adjunct professor of ancient languages there. From 1830 to 1841 he was in charge of the Edge Hill School, Princeton. He was principal of the Philadelphia High School from 1842 to 1859, and of the New Jersev State Normal School from 18G3 to 1871. In 1872 he became professor of rhetoric and the English lan- guage at Princeton. He founded the Hunday- School Times in 18.59, and edited it until 1871, and for a time edited the publications of the Sunday-School Union. He also prepared several text-books, including a Manual of Composition and Rhetoric (1870) : Manual of English Litera- ture (1872) ; and a Manual of American Litera- ture (1873). HABT, Julius ( 1859— ). A German author. He was born at Jliinster, and was educated at Berlin. In addition to translations from Engli.sh, American, Spanish, and Persian poets, his publi- cations include: Sansara, poems (2d ed. 1887) ; Homo Sum, poems (1888) : Don Juan Tenorio, a lyrical tragedy (1881) ; Der Sumpf, a tragedy (1885); Geschichte der M'cltlitteratur und des Theaters (1894-96). The last-mentioned work is profusely illustrated, and embraces the history of literature from its earliest beginning to the present day. HABT, Sir Robert (1835 — ). An English- man, inspector-general, and director of the Chi- nese Imperial Customs Service. He was born at Portadown, Armagh, Ireland ; was educated at Queen's ' College. Belfast, where he grad- uated in 1854, and in the same year entered the British consular service in China. In 1858 he was secretary to the Commission of the Allies at Canton, and in the following year entered the Chinese Maritime Customs ser- vice as a deputy commissioner. Advanced in 1863 to the post of Inspector-General, he reorganized the service practically on the lines on which it is now administered. He also or- ganized and maintains in connection with the service a large fleet of steamers for the suppres- sion of piracy and smuggling, and established .a splendid system of lighting the coast. A fine postal system, which is now being extended to all parts of the country, was also in.ingurated by him. In 1885. when Sir Harry Parkes. British Minister at Peking, died. Sir Eobert was asked to succeed him ; but, yielding to the entreaties of the Empress Dowager, he declined. He received the highest Iionors from the Chinese Government, among them the Red Button, and the decorations of the Double Dragon and the Peacock's Feather. His ancestors have been ennobled for three gen- erations, and after the settlement of the Boxer troubles he was appointed to high office in the Imperial Government, and the whole Customs Department, native and foreign, was placed under his control. He was also decorated by all the European governments; was made a C.M.G. by the I5ritish Government in 1880. K. C.M.G. in 1882, G. C.M.G. in 1889, and in 1893 was created a baronet. In 1900 he had al)0ut 5000 men under his control, of whom about 900 were foreigners, all chosen and governed in accordance with the strictest civil-service rules. He was with the other foreigners in the British Legation when it was besieged by the Boxers and the Imperial troops. HABT, Samuel (1845—). An American clergyman, born at Saybrook, Conn. He grad- uated at Trinity College in 1800; after 1803 taught at that institution, and was made pro- fessor of Latin in 1883. He was ordained priest of the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1870, and in 1893 he was elected Bishop of Vermont, but declined the office. In 1886 he became cus- todian of the Standard Prayer-Book of his Church, and in 1892 secretary of the House of Bishops. In 1899 he became vice-dean and pro- fessor of doctrinal theology and the Prayer-Book at the Berkeley Divinity School. His publications include editions of .Juvenal (1873), of Persius (1875), and of Bishop Seabury's Communion U/fice (1874), and Historical Sermons of Bishop Scahurij (1883-86). HABT, Solomon Alexander (1806-81). An English painter, of Jewish origin. He was born at Plymouth, Devonshire. He studied at the Royal Academy, London, and exhibited his first oil picture, "Instruction," in 1828. In 1830 he exhibited the "Elevation of the Law," originally called the "Interior of a Polish Synagogue," which brought him reputation, and is now in the National Galleiy. Among his other works are: "Isaac of York in the Donjon of Front-de-Boeuf" (1830); "English Nobility Pri- vately Receiving the Catholic Communion" ( 1831) : "Lady Jane Grey on Tower Hill;" "Mil- ton Visiting Galileo in Prison" ( 1847 ) ; and "The Three" Inventors of Printing" (1852). In 1835 Hart became an associate; in 1840, an Academician ; in 1854 professor of painting in, and in 1865 librarian of, the Royal Academy. His last paintings show decline. He died in London, June 11. 1881. Consult his Reminis- cences (London. 1882). HABT, William (1823-94). An American landscape and animal painter, born in Paisley, Scotland, March 31, 1823. He came to New York in early youth, and was apprenticed to a coach-maker, for whom he painted carriage decorations. He was self-taught, and first exhib- ited at the Kational Academy in 1848. His work being favorably received, he went to Scotland in 1849, studying and painting for three years; on his return to New Y'ork he opened a studio, and was elected a member of the National Academy in 1858. In 1805 he was elected president of the Brooklyn Academy of Design, and he was also president of the American Society of Water-Color- ists from 1870 to 1873. He died at Mount Vernon, New Y'ork, .Tune 17. 1894. Among his principal works are: "Peace and Plenty" (1855) ; "Close of Day." Mount Desert (1856) l "Lake in the Hills" (1858); "White Mountains." owned by C. B. Warren, Philadelphia : ".Joy of Autumn" (1865) ; "Golden F"nr" (1872) : "Morning in the Moun- tains" (1874); "Keene Valley" (1875); "Jersey