Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 09.djvu/640

* HAKBINGTON. 584 HARRIS. HARRINGTON, Mark Walrod (1848-). An .iiuciicau asliuuuiuer and educator. He was born at .Sjtamoru, ill., was educated at Evans- ton, 111., graduated at the University of Jlichigan in IStiS, and was a member of the faculty there from 1868 to 187G, with an inteiTal in 1870- 71, when, as a member of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, he visited Alaska. He studied at the University of Leipzig in 1876-77, and in the latter year proceeded to China as professor of astronomy in the Cadet School of the Tsung-li-Yamen or Foreign Office in Peking. Ill health caused his return to the United States in 1878, and for a year he was. professor in the Louisiana State University. In 1879 he was appointed professor of astronomy and director of the observatory at his alma mater, a position he held until 1891, when he became director of the United States Weather Bureau at Washing- ton. He resigned in 1895 to become president of Washington State University. In 1897 he retired to private life. He is the author of numerous scientific articles, pamphlets, and works, and until 1892 was editor of the American Meteorolog- ical Jntinial. which he founded in 1884. HAR'RIOT, or HARIOT, Thomas (1560- 1621). An English astronomer and mathemati- cian, born at Oxford. He acted for some time as tutor to Sir Walter Ivileigh. who, in 1585, appoint- ed him suneyor to the Grenville's expedition to Virginia. Harriot published an account of this expedition in 1588, and the work was afterwards reprinted in Hakluyt's Voyages. On his return to England, after an absence of two years, he resumed his mathematical studies with zeal and success, but ill health prevented him from pub- lishing his mathematical discoveries. He had an und.oubted genius for algebra, as is shown by his posthumous work, Arlis Anah/ticcs Praxis ad jEqualiones Algebraicas Koua. Expeditii et Gen- erali ilethodo Resolvendas (1631), In this treat- ise Harriot did for algebra in England what his friend Vieta, to whom he gives generous praise, had done in France — he put it on its modern basis. In the matter of symbolism he added the signs ^ and <;^ to those which were just coming to be recognized as part, of the imi- ver.sal language of algebra. He asserted the ad- vantage, now fully recognized, of making the second member of an equation zero, although he did this only for particular cases, and he gave in substance the general theorem (often called by D'Alembert's name) that an equation of the »th degree has exactly it roots. Consult Harriot Pnper.t, edited by Rigaud (Oxford, 1831). For his life, consult Stevens, Thomas Hariof. the Mathematician, the Philosopher, and the Scholar (London, 1900). HARRIOTT, JlRS. F. C. See IMoRKis. Clara. HAR'RIS, Sir Augustus Hexrt Glossop ( 1852-96 ) . A noted English theatrical manager, lessee of Drury Lane, Covent Garden (the Opera), and other theatres. He was the son of Augustus Glossop Harris, who was also a well- known manager, and was born in Paris. In 1873 he made his debut as an actor at Manchester, and not long afterwards became stage manager at Covent Garden. He leased Drury Lane in 1879. Besides his subsequent productions, especially of melodrama and opera, both there and at Covent Garden, which he took in 1888, he became Joint author of a number of plays, most frequently in collaboration with Henry Pettitt; among them were 1'luck (1882); .1 Uun of Luck (1886) ; A Million of Money (1890); and The Prodigal Daughter (1892). He was a member of the Lon- don County Council, and was sherifl' in 1891, when he was knighted. His death, which was ascribed to overwork, occurred at Folkestone, HARRIS, Chapin A, (1806-60), An Ameri- can dentist, born at Pompey, N, V, In 1839 he procured the charter for the Baltimore Dental College, the first separate school of dentistry ever founded, and established the American Journal of Dental Hcienee, which he edited for twenty years, Harris wrote: Principles and Practice of Dental tSurgery ( 1839) ; Diseases of the Maxillary iiinus (1842); and a Dictionary of Dental Science (1849). HARRIS, Lord George (1746-1829). An English soldier famous in India. Born at Bra- sted, Kent, he was educated at Westminster School and the Woolwich Military Academy. By 1765 he was lieutenant in an artillery regi- ment, and in 1774 Went as a captain to America, where he fought at Lexington, Bunker Hill, and in many other battles of the Revolutionary War up to 1778, when he went to the West Indies. He had suffered from serious wounds, ca])ture by the French, and shipwreck before he entered on the second stage of his career, which was in India (1790-1800). There he distin- guished himself in the campaigns against Tipu Sahib, commanded Fort William as major-gen- eral, and was both civil and military Governor of JIadras, For his victory at Seringapatam, end- ing in the conquest of jlysore, Harris was pro- moted to be lieutenant-general (1801), He was made general (1812), and a peer of the realm (1815), under the title Baron Harris of Seringa- patam and ilysore. In 1824 he was made gov- ernor of Dumbarton Castle on the Clyde, HARRIS, George Washington (1814-69), -Vn American humorist, born at Allegheny City, Pa, He was a jewelers apprentice and after- wards captain of a Tennessee River steamboat, then a political writer for newspapers, and finally the creator of ''Sut Lovengood," whose papers, written for Nashville journals (1858-61), ap- peared as Sut Lorengood's Yarns (1867) — one of the raciest of Southwestern books of humor, ranking with J, .J, Hooper's Simon Suggs. HARRIS, Howel (1714-73), The principal founder of Welsh Calvinistie Methodism. Ho was born at Trevecca in Wales : was brought up in the Established Church, and matriculated at Oxford in 1735. He was endowed with high ora- torical powers, and his energy- and enthusiasm carried his audiences by storm. He founded no fewer than 300 societies, and formed a sort of Protestant monastery, in which there lived about 120 persons. Both Wesley and White- field were his friends and preaching com- panions. He raised a regiment at the time when a French invasion of England was confidently expected, and moved about with his men, preach- ing in every encampment. His Autnhingraphy was published in 1791. He also wrote The Last Message and Testimony of Howel Harris. Esq., late of Trevecca in Wales. Found Aynoiig Some of His Papers (1774), and other works in Welsh. HARRIS. Isham Green- (1818-97). An American politician, bom near Tullahoma, Tenn.