Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 09.djvu/569

* HAMPDEN. 515 HAMPTON. cal principles and sterling character of his father, he resisted the S-tuart cneroachmeuts ujiun popu- lar rights, and his fear of the religious tonse- qucnces led him to advocate earnestly the measure for excluding the Uuke of York, afterwards .lames 11., from the throne. In the Parliamentary delib- erations in 1680, «liieh ended in the call of Wil- liam, Prince of Orange, to the British throne, Hampden bore an important part, and upon the establishment of the new dynasty was rewarded with responsible appointments. He was made Privy Councilor, a Commissioner of the Treasury, and linally Cliancellor of the Exchequer in 1690. HAMPDENjSIDNEY college, a college situated near Farmville, Prince Edward Count}', Va. ; founded in 1776, and chartered in 1783. It is under Presbyterian auspices, but is non- sectarian. It offers courses leading to the de- grees of Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, and Bachelor of Literature. The attendance aver- ages 100. The college has buildings and grounds valued at $22.5.OU0. productive funds amounting to $150,000. and an income of $13,000. The li- brary contains some 16.000 volumes. Among its early trustees were Patrick Henry and James Wadison, and among its presidents Rev. John Blair Smith, afterwards first president of Union College. New York, and Rev. Archibald Alex- ander, afferwards founder of Princeton Theolog- ical Seminary. HAM'POLE, RiCHAKD, Rolle of. See Rolle, RlCH.HD. HAMP'SHIRE, Southampton, or familiarly H.NTS. A maritime coiuity in the south of England, b,ounded on the west by Dorsetshire and Wiltshire, on the north by Berkshire, on the east by Surrey and Sussex, and on the south by the English Channel (Map: England, E 5). Area, including Isle of Wight, 1622 square miles. The surface is irregular, being traversed by the North and South Downs. The principal rivers are the Anton or Test, the Itehen, and the Avon. The climate of the country is in general mild and fav- orable to vegetation ; the climate in the south of the Isle of Wight is milder than that of any other portion of Great Britain. Hops are cultivated, and the bacon cured here is famous. Vegetable gardening is an important pursuit. Southamp- ton and Portsmouth, both termini of important railways, are the chief centres of trade, while Winchester is the capital. The New Forest is an extensive tract in the southwest of the county. Hampshire contains many interesting relics of the early ages of English" history. Of these the chief is Porehester Castle, on Portsmouth Harbor, Population, in 1901, 798,7.56. Consult Shore, History of Hampshire (Southampton, 1892). HAMP'STEAD. a metropolitan borough of London, in Middlesex. England. 4 miles north- west of Saint Paul's Cathedral (Map: London. D 6). The borough has an area of 3^4 square miles, over 1.") per cent, of which is devoted to the finest open public grounds of the metropolis. Hampstead is the seat of several benevolent and other metropolitan institutions, has one of the finest of London town halls, municipal electric lighting, baths, and public library. It is situated on a range of hills that reach their greatest alti- tude of 443 feet in Hampstead Heath, which commands extensive views. It was formerly a village celebrated for its mineral springs as far back as the Roman period, and many valuable arcluEologieal finds have been made here. From early times it has been a favorite residential sec- tion, with numerous elegant mansions and villas of Londoners. It has interesting artistic and lit- erary associations of Pope, Addison, Uay, .John- >on, Byron, Keats, Leigh Hunt, .loanna BaiUie, Constable, Du Maurier, and others. Hampstead Heath, with an area of 240 acres, and Parliament Hill, on the southeast with 265 acres, acquired by the London Boai'd of Works since 1870 as ]niblic grounds, are popular and greatly frequented re- sorts on Sundays and holidays. Population, in 1891, 08,120; in 1901, 81,942. Consult Baines, Records of Hampstead (London, 1890) ; White, Sieert Ibnupsteud (London, 1901). HAMP'TON. A city and the county-seat of Franklin County, Iowa, 59 miles north by west of Marshalltown ; on the Iowa Central and the Chicago Great Western railroads (Map: Iowa, D 2). It has a fine court-house and a public park. The cit.v is the centre of an agricultural and stock-raising district, and is an important market for horses. Population, in 1890, 2067; in 1900, 2727. HAMPTON. A town and the county-seat of Elizabeth City County, Va., on the north side of Hampton Roads, 2i-2 miles northwest of Fort- ress ^Ionroe and 16 miles north by west of Nor- folk: on the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad (Map: Virginia, H 41. It is a popular resort, with good bathing facilities ; and has considerable trade in agricultural produce, fish, oysters, and canned crabs. The town is the seat of the Hamp- ton Normal and Agricultural Institute, and has the Church of Saint John (Protestant Episcopal), built in 1660, a National Soldiers' Home, with 2000 inniateSj and a National Cemetery where 3323 bodies are interred, 600 of unknown dead. The government is administered under a charter of 1887 by a mayor, elected every two years, and a iinicameral council. Population, in 1890, 2513; in 1900, 3521. Hampton was settled (before 1610) on the site of an old Indian village, Kiquo- tan, and for many years was known by that name. It was one of the original boroughs repre- sented in 1619 in the first Virginia Legislature. During the Revolution and the War of 1812 it suffered by fire at the hands of the English, and again in August, 1861, it was burned by a Con- federate force under General Magruder. HAMPTON, .John Somerset Paki.noton, Baron (1799-1880). An English statesman, born in Worcestershire. His father was William Rus- sell, but he adopted his mother's name. Paking- ton. upon inheriting estates from her family. He received his education at Eton and Oxford, but took no degrees, and entered Parliament in 1837. In 1852 he was Colonial and War Secretary under Lord Derby, First Lord of the Adiniralty in 1859, and was again appointed to the same position in 1866. when his party returned to power. He was War Secretary under Disraeli. :ind w:is made a baron in 1875. His Parliamentary labors tended toward advancement in education and free- dom in religion. HAMPTON, Wade (17.54-1835). An .mpri- can soldier and planter, grandfather of Gen. Wade Hampton (181S-1902K He seri'ed with distinction under Marion and Sumter in the Revolutionary W'ar, but, as Mc^faster says in his History of the People fjf the United States