Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 09.djvu/382

* GUAVA. 338 GUBERNATIS. it is less in cultivation. Besides these, the straw- berry guava (I'sidium Gattleianum) produces a small claret-colored fruit of excellent llavor and good presenting qualities. GTJAVIABE, gwa've-a'ra. One of the largest tributaries of the Orinoco, rising in the Andes not far from BogotS, Colombia, and flowing east- ward ( Map : Colombia, C 3 ). It forms the bound- ary in Colombia between the departments of C'undinamarca and Cauca. The region through ■H'hich it flows is mostly level and very sparsely populated. Length, over 700 miles; navigable through the greater part. In the present mide- veloped state of the country it is of little economic value. GtTAVIKTA, gwa-ve'na (Sp.-Am., probably from the native term ). A name for sundry fishes of the goby family, common in the tropical rivers, and useful as food. Jlost of them belong to the genera Philypinus, Dormitator, Guavina, and Eleotris, and several are known in the Gulf States as 'sleepers'. GUAYAMA, gv.i-ya'm:i. A town of Porto Rico, in llie Department of Gua3'ama, situated at the southeastern end of the island, about four miles inland (Map: Porto Rico, C 3). The anchorage off the sliore, though only an open roadstead, is protected bv a reef, and is much frequented. Population, in 1899, 5334. GXJAYAQTJIL, gwii'ya-ke!', or Santiago de Guayaquil. A city, the chief seaport of Ecua- dor, situated on the west shore of the estuary of Guaya-s River at the head of the Gulf of Guayaquil, an inlet of the Pacific Ocean (Map: Ecuador, A 4). The town lies in a low plain, and is divided into two parts, the old and the new. In the old town the streets are crooked and ill-paved ; in the new town, they are well laid out, and lined by the residences of the richer class. The climate is unhealthful, and the water- supply is bad. The chief buildings and education- al institutions are the cathedr-al. town hall, the college and technical school, and the hospitals. The town has a good harbor, protected by a breakwater, and the chief occupation is trade, both foreign and domestic. The city is the seat of the United States Consul-General to Ecuador. Its chief e.vports are cacao, coffee, quinine, gold, silver, and hides. Steamships go to all parts of the world, and the town has a number of shipyards ranking among the best on the Pacific coast of South America. Population. 45,000. Guayaquil was founded in 1535, and has often been the scene of battles between Government troops and insurgents. GTTAYAQTJIL, Gulp of. One of the largest inlets of the Pacific Ocean, on the western coast of South America, in the southwestern part of Ecuador (Map: Ecuador, A 4). It is over 100 miles wide at its mouth, and narrows into an estuary of Guayas River, the entrance to the narrower part being divided by the island of Puna. Above the island the gulf is too shallow for ocean steamers, and communication with the city of Guayaquil is maintained by smaller vessels. GTJAYAS, g^va'vas. A river of Ecuador, Sou tli America, rising in the western chain of the Andes, and flowing in a southwestern direction into the Gulf of Guayaquil (Map: Ecuador, V> i). It is navigable for small steamers as far as the city of Guayaquil. GUAYMAS, gwi'mas. A seaport of Mexico, situated on the Gulf of California (Map: Me,ico, C 4). It is the chief trading centre of the State of Sonora, and a leading Pacific port of Mexico; it has railway and steamship connection with the United States ; exports gold, silver, pearls, and hides, and is the residence of a United States consular agent. Population, GOOO. GTJAYMI, gwl'nie. A tribe, probalily of Chibehan stock, inhabiting the Veragua and Chi- riqiif districts of Colombia, extending across to llie Isthmus of Panama, from ocean to ocean. Their ancestors are suppo.sed to have been the makers of the numerous gold, copper, and silver relics dug up in recent years from the Indian burial-places of this region. GTJAYRA, gwi'ni, La. A city in Venezuela. See La Guayra. GUAZXT, gwii'sUo. The word in the vernacular of Eastern South America for any of several deer. When used alone it usually refers to the marsh-deer (C'ervus palustris), a species closely resembling the V^irginian deer, and commonly found between the Atlantic coast and the Parana River. The 'guazuti' is the Pampas deer {Cervus campesiris) ; 'guazu-pita,' the red brocket (q.v.) of Brazil; and 'guazu-viva' is another brocket, probably Cervus netnorivagus. Compare Goemal. GTJBAT, goo-bat'. A town of Luzon, Philip- pines, in the Province of Albay. It is situated near the eastern coast, about 52 miles southeast of Albay. Population, 13,360. GTJBBIO, goob'be-6 (Lat. Iguvium, media'val Eugubium) . A city in the Province of Perugia, Central Italy, 70 miles southeast of Arezzo ( Jlap : Italy, G 4 ) . It is niedi.'eval in appear- ance, and is picturesquely situated on the slopes of the Apennines. The most conspicuous building is the Palazzo dei Consoli, a huge Gothic structure with pinnacles and tower, dating from the four- teenth century. In the twelfth-century cathedral and other churches are important frescoes and paintings. The Residenza Municipale contains ancient and modern majolicas, and the Eugubian tablets that were discovered in 1444 near the ancient theatre. (See Eugubine Tablets.) Gub- bio has a municipal theatre. It markets cattle, grain, wine, oil, linen, and lumber, spins silk, and manufactures majolica, for which it has been f.imous since 'Maestro Georgio' discovered his ear- mine finish. An interesting procession is that of the Ceri, on INIay 15th. Population of commune, in 1881, '23.316; in 1001, 26,3'20. GXJBEN, goo'bcn. The capital of a circle in the Prussian Province of Brandenburg, situated at the confluence of the Lubis with the Neisse, 30 miles south-southeast of Frankfort-on-the-Oder (Map: Prussia, F 3). It has clotli-niills, spin- ning and dyeing establishments, tanneries, potter- ies, an<l machine-works. Vines and fruit are cultivated in the vicinity, and some bromi coal is mined. Guben passed, with Lower Lusatia, from the possession of Saxonv to that of Prussia in 1815. Population, in 1890, 29,328; in 1900, 33.122, GtTBEENATIS, gooTier-na'tes, Angelo de, Count (1840—). An eminent Italian litterateur, born at Turin. He studied at the University of Turin, and in 1862 was sent by the Government