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* GKEEN MONKEY. 253 GREENOUGH. native forests, and is hardy in other climates, it is to be seen in most menageries; but its tendency is to grow vicious with age. One of its peculiarities is its complete silence. In color it has a greenish hue above, though the hairs are really tinted with a mixture of black and yellow. The extremities are darker, and the whiskers and under surface are yellowish, in- clining in some individuals to decided orange color. Compare Grivet: Vervet. GREEN MOUNTAIN BOYS. The name given to the soldiers of Vermont in the Revolu- tion, originally organized in 1775 by Ethan Allen (q.v. ) to oppose the claims of New York State to the Vermont territory. The band held the Canadian passes against the British during the Revolution. GREEN MOUNTAINS. The northernmost extension of the Appalachian system, spreading over a large part of Vermont, and extending northward toward the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, and southward under the names of the Hoosac Mountains. Berkshire Hills, and Taconie Moun- tains into western Massachusetts. Connecticut, and New York ( ilap : Vermont. 4). They reach their greatest elevation in the northern and central parts of Vermont, the highest peak being Mount Mansfield. 43G4 feet above sea-level : other impor- tant peaks are: Killington. 4241 ; Camel's Hump, 4088; Lincoln, 4078; and Jay, 4018 feet. The Green Mountains form a continuous watershed for the streams running into Connecticut River on the east, and the Hudson and Lake Champlain on the west. Geologically, they are mainly of primitive structure, consisting of granite, gneiss, etc., with a layer of old red sandstone on the western slope. The hills and even the highest peaks have a smooth and rounded surface, and their ascent is easy; the summits are covered with grass, and on the slopes are large forests of pine, hemlock, spruce, etc.. as well as hard- wood forests on the better lands. Tlie soil is not well adapted for agriculture, but the pastur- age is fine, and the streams give abundant water- power. The range contains valuable mineral deposits, including marble, iron, and manganese, Blate, and some copper. GREEN MOUNTAIN STATE. Vermont. See St.te.s, Popular Naiies of. GREENOCK, gren'ok. An important seaport and manufacturing town in Renfrewshire, Scot- land, on the left bank of the Firth of Clyde, 22 miles west-northwest of Glasgow (Map: Scotland, D 4). Its chief industries are ship-building, dat- ing from 1760; sugar-refining, since I7G5; the manufacturing of steam-engines, ironwork, chain cables, anchors, ropes, sails, paper, woolen goods, etc. Fisheries employ a large number of boats. Its harbor works, commenced in 1707, comprise six tidal basins, a wet dock, and five dry docks; at the Tail of the Bank outside it possesses the best anchorage in the Clyde. Trade is carried on with Ireland. North America, and the West and East Indies. Over 19. .500 vessels of more than 3,500,000 tons enter and clear its port annually. Tlie town is built irregularly, and extends for four miles along the shore and on the slopes of the adjacent hills. The central busy portion has overcrowded, narrow streets and lanes, but the west end has wide, well-paved streets, planted with trees, handsome residences, and an esplanade I'o miles long. Besides fine municipal buildings, handsome churches and parks, the town contains various educational and charitable institutions, and the Watt Monu- ment, an edifice dedicated to James Watt, the perfecter of the steam-engine, who was born :it Greenock. The town owiis its waterworks, :ind its water-power is extensively used in the fac- tories. It also owns its harbors, gas, electric- lighting plant, tramways, artisans' dwellings, and cemeteries. It is the seat of an American consular agency. In 1635 Greenock, an obscure fishing village, consisting of one row of thatched cottages, became a burgh of barony. It owes its growth and prosperity to the Shaw family, and to the Union of 1707, which facilitated foreign trade. Population, in 1891, 03,000; in 1001, 07,645. Consult Campbell, Historiail Sketches of tiie Town and Harbors of Greenock (Glasgow, 1879-81). GREENOUGH, gren'6, Horatio (1805-52). An American sculptor. He was bom in Bos- ton, and received his earliest training in art from the can'ers and modelcTs there, especially from a French sculptor named Binon, who mod- eled the bust of John Adams in Faneuil Hall. At the age of sixteen he entered Harvard Col- lege and graduated in 1825. While at Harvard he met ^Vashington Alston, by whose influence his life appears to have been dominated. At Harvard, also, he made a thorough study of anatomy. The most important works of this early period were a bust of Washington, modeled from Stuart's pprtrait, and the original design for Bunker Hill Monument. After graduation, Greenough went to Rome, where Thorwaldsen was at this time living. During the latter part of his life his studio was in Florence. Among his most important works are a statue of "Ariel" (1826); a statue of Byron's "Wisdom;" the group of the "Chanting Cherubs;" a statuette, "Genius of America;" the statue of Washington, in the Capitol at Washington ; colossal groups of the "Rescue" in the Capitol, which took eight years to complete. Among his bust portraits were John and John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, Josiah Quincy, Samuel Appleton, Jonathan Ma- son, Thomas Colen, John Jacob Astor, John Marshall, and others. He was well known as a critic of art, his Essai/s having been printed several times. Consult Tuckerman. .1 Metnorial of Boratio Greenough (New York, 1853). GREENOUGH, .James Bradstreet (1833- 1901). An American Latinist. born at Portland. Maine. He graduated at Harvard College in 1856. After practicing law for a few years in Michigan, he accepted an appointment in 1805 to a Latin tutorship in Harvard College. In 1873 he was appointed assistant professor, and in 1883 professor of Latin, a position which he continued to hold until a few months before his death, when failing health forced him to resign. Professor Greenough is best known as editor of a series of Latin text-books for schools which have passed through many editions, and as the author of a Latin Graynmar. which is widely used. He was the first to offer instruction in Sanskrit and comparative philology in Harvard College in 1872. and continued to teach these subjects in connection with his regular work in Latin until 1880, when an independent chair of Sanskrit was founded. He also was a prime mover in organizing the Societv for the Collegiate