Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 09.djvu/13

 OETHITE, ge'tit (named in honor of Goethe). A hydrated iron per- oxide that crystallizes in the or- thorhombic system, with an ada- mantine lustre, and yellow-red to brown in color. It occurs with other iron oxides, especially hem- atite or limonite, in Nassau, Saxony, and else- where in Germany; at various localities in Eng- land ; and in the United States in the Lake Superior region, Missouri, Colorado, California, and elsewhere, Goethite is sometimes found pen- etrating quartz-like rutile, forming sagenite or '"Venus's hair stone," which, when cut, is used for seals and charms in jewelry.

GOETSCHIUS, get'shl-us, Percy ( 1853--). A distinguished American musical scholar, writ- er, and composer, born in Paterson, N. .J. A graduate of the Stuttgart Conservatory of Music, he was in 1876 placed in charge of the English classes there, and in 1885 was made royal pro- fessor. He at the same time contributed to the leading musical journals of German}'- He was called to Syracuse (N. Y.) University in 1890, as professor of harmony, musical history, and advanced pianoforte playing. Soon after he took charge of the composition branch of the New England Conservatory, but in 1891) resigned all institutional appointments. He was appointed organist of the First Parish Church of Brookline in 1897. Besides a number of instrumental pieces and sacred songs and anthems, he is the author of the following important works: The Material Used in Musical Composition (1882); The Theory and Practice of Tone Relations (1892) ; Models of the Principal Musical Forms (1895); Syllabus of Musical History (1895); The Homophonic Forms of Musical Composition (1898). .He has also made a thorough revision of the complete pianoforte works of Mendelssohn for the Cotta edition (Stuttgart, 1889).

GOETZ, ^ets, Theodor vox ( 182fi-92 ). A Ger- man battle painter, born in Lieschen, Silesia. He studied at first under the genre painter Hantzsch, in Dresden, but turned later to military subjects. He is particularly noteworthy for his faithful representations of the events of the Franco-Ger- man War of 1870-71, in which he took part as commander of a battalion of riflemen. His pic- tures include: "Episode in Battle of Sedan" (1875); "Prince George of Saxony in Battle of Saint-Privat" (1876) ; and "Crown Prince Albert After the Battle of Beaumont Congratulated by Prince George" (1887, Dresden Gallery).

GOETZ, or GOTZ, VON BEBLICHINGEN, gets ffln ber'liK-ing'rn. See Berlichinuen.

GOEZE, ge'tse, Johann August Ephraim ( 1731-93) . A German theologian and naturalist, a brother of Johann Melchior Goeze. He was born at Aschersleben, and studied theology at the University of Halle (1747-51). After occu- pying several pastorates, he became deacon of the cathedral at Quedlinburg, where he died. He is best known for his researches in natural his- tory. His microscopical investigations led to the publication of the important work entitled Verstich einer Naturgeschichte der Eingeweide- u'iirmcr tierischer Korper (1782; appendix, 1800). In 1773-74 he prepared about seventy- live translations of Bonnet's treatises on the natural history of insects.

GOEZE, Johann Melchior (1717-86). A German Lutheran clergyman, born at Halberstadt ( Province of Saxony, Prussia ). Educated at Jena and Halle, he became pastor of the Church of the Holy Spirit at Magdeburg in 1750, and, in 1755, chief pastor of Saint Catharine's Church at Hamburg. From 1700 to 1770 he held the seniority of the Lutheran clergy at Hamburg. He is known chielly as a tireless controversialist, and in particular for his attacks on Lessing because of the latter's publication of the posthumous Fragmenle eincs Ungenannten (1774, 1777, 1778) of the free-thinker, Hermann Rcimarus. He began the well-known contest in 1777, with an essay in Nos. 55 and 56 of the Freiwillige Beitrage zu den Hamburgischen Kachrichten, which he followed by Etwas Vorliiufiges gegen des Herrn Hofrath Lessings mittelbare und unmittelbare feindselige Angriffe (1778), and Lessings l^chwAchen (1778), all acrid and personal. Lessing made Iiis chief reply in 1778 in Fine Diiplik, Fine Parabel, Axiomata and Anti-Goeze. among both the keenest of his writings and the foremost examples of the literature of the class. The pastor had little of the incisive thought, and yet less of the skillful expression, of his opponent. He was intolerant, even for the time, and a stickler for a narrowly literalistic interpretation of the Scriptures. His polemics against Lessing were edited by E, Schmidt in 1893. Consult further: Cropp