Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 09.djvu/115

* GOYAZ. 93 moderate and generally healthful. In spite of its abundant natural resources and favorable climate, Goyaz is one of the most isolated and least developed of the Brazilian States. One of the chief reasons for this is to be found iu the lack of transportation facilities. There aie no railways, while the large rivers are rendered unfit for navigation by their numerous rapids. Agriculture is little developed, the production being barely sullicicnt to sup]ily the domestic demand. The gold deposits of the State, once extensive, are apparently exhausted, the mining industry being extinct. The chief centres of population are found in the south. Population, in 1890, 227,572. The Indians number about 25,000, and there are large nvunbers of negroes. Capital, Goyaz (q.v.). In the southern portion of the State a territory of about 5500 square miles has been set aside for the future capital of the Republic of Brazil. GOYAZ (formerly Villa Boa de Goyaz). A city of Brazil, and the capital of the State of Goyaz, situated on the river Vermelho, 000 miles northwest of Rio de Janeiro (ilap: Brazil, H 7). The town is handsomely built, and has a fine cathedral. Government palace, a town hall, and a theological seminary. Gold is found in the river Vermelho, and both gold and dia- monds in the neighboring district. The city was founded in the latter part of the seventeenth century by the son of Bueno de Silva, one of the earlv explorers of the region. Population, 8000. GOYEN, goi'en, Jan van (1596-1656). A Dutch painter, born in Leyden. He studied under Van Schilperoot, who probably took him to France, and then under Esaias van de Velde at Haarlem (1616). In 1631 he returned to The Hague, and he became president of the guild there in 1640. His pictures vary little in sub- ject; they are usually of a harbor, or canal, with boats, and he painted a great nianv of them. They are found in nearly all the galleries of Euro]ie. His liest style is well represented by a "View of Dordrecht" (1650), in the Jluseum of Amsterdam, and "Banks of a Canal" (1653), in tile Louvre — both marked by masterly perspec- tive and true Dutch feeling for fine skies. Ho also left a number of drawings and water-colors. Among his well-known pupils were .Jan Steen (his son-in-law), Berghem, and Solomon Rnys- dael. His choice of subjects influenced consid- erably the great landscape painters who followed him, so that he occupies a unique place in Dutch art. GO'ZAN. (1) A province in Mesopotamia, called Guzan in the Assyrian inscriptions and Gauzanitis by Ptolemy, situaled on l>oth sides of the river Chabur (Khabur). a tributary of the Euphrates, and comprising roughly the north- ern half of the later Kingdom of Osrhoene. It seems to have been added to the As- syrian Empire in the ninth century B.C. In B.C. 809 it revolted and again in B.C. 759, but was finally subdued in B.C. 758. This prov- ince was ruled by a prefect wlio occasionally ap- pears as limmii, after Avhom the year was named, in this district a colony of Israelitish exiles was settled bv Sargon after the captiire of Samaria in B.C. 722 '(II. kings xvii. fi: xviii. 11). (2) A city situated between Xisibis and Tushcban in Mesopotamia, probably the capital erf the Province GOZZI. of Gozan. Consult: DelKzsch, Wo hi(j das Para- dies f (Leipzig, 1881); Schrader, KtUinschriften und 0(«chuliislor>:clniiiij (Giessen, 1878) ; Winck- ler, AltU'Stamciitlk-lw UiUersuchungeii (Leipzig, 1892). GOZLAN, goz'lax', Li:;oN (1803-66). A French novelist and playwright, born at Marseilles. After trying his hand at various professions, he became a journalist, and for thirty years con- tributed to all the best papers in Paris. Hi.s productions include: Lc iiotaire de Chantilljf il8:!6) : Avistkle Fniissarl (1843) ; Lcs emotions d( roh/dorc Marusquiii (1857); La nuit blanche (1844); some souvenirs of Balzac, Lcs jardinSy Bal::ac en pantouflcs (1856). He also wrote a. number of plays, of which only two need be men- tioned — La pluic et lc beau temps, and Une tcmpcte dans an vcrre d'eaii. GOZO, or GOZZO, g6t's6 (Lat. Gaulos). An island belonging to Great Britain in the Mediter- ranean, situated about four miles northwest of iJalta. with which it was probably at one time connected ( Map : Italy, J 11 ). Its area is over 20 square miles: its surface is diversified, and consists largely of coralline limestone. It has a rich and well-cultivated soil. There are some Phoenician remains in the shape of Cyclopean walls, and some Roman monuments. The chief town is Rabato, and the population is over 19,000. GOZZI, got'se. Carlo, Count ( 1720-1806). An Italian dramatist, born at Venice, the brother of Gasparo Gozzi (q.v. ). He began in his youth to write, and his pieces, slight but satirical, were directed against Chiari, and Goldoni, who had introduced so mucli that was new on the Italian stage. Gozzi defended the Coramedia dell' Ai'te with its accepted types, and published Tartana deyli infnssi per I'anno hisestile (1757), a popular satire. In 1761 he wrote what he callecl a "dramatic fairy tale,' Fiaba dell' aniorc delle Ire mclarancie. Tliis was followed by others on the same order, among which are Tiirandot, translated liy Schiller, and L'anpcllino Bel Verde, all tal<en from old Italian fairy lore. For a while these held a prominent place on the Vene- tian stage: then Gozzi began to translate French plays, and wrote some dramas modeled after Calderon. His fairy plays are little known out- side Italy, as they are written in the Venetian dialect: but they deserve a wider reputation. One of his last and most interesting works is Jlcmorie iiiufili (1797), translated by Symonds, ( 1889) . He edited part of his own works' ( 1772- 74). but a complete edition was published in- 1802. Consult: !Magrini, / tempi, la fita e gli seritti di Carlo Ooz::i ( Benevento. 1883) : i'd.^ ('arlo Go^zi e le fiabc (Venice, 1883) ; and Masi, .s'»//f( sinrin del teafro italiano ncl seeolo XTIII (Florence, 1892). GOZZI, Gasp.ko, Count (1713-86). An Ital- ian author, born at Venice, and the brother of Carlo Gozzi. the dramatist. He was tJie director of the Sant' Angelo Theatre in Venice, and began to translate plays from the French for represen- tation there, but was not very successful. He then took the managem<'nt of the (lazzetta Ve- neta. and later edited the Osserratore periodica (1761). These established his reputation as a critic and stylist. Gozzi is also well known throTigh his defense of Dante against Bettinelli in Giudizio degli antichi poeti sopra la nioderna.