Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 07.djvu/761

* FITZALAN. 687 FITZGERALD. linn of England from invasion. Be joined Hie baronial opposition and attacked the King's fa vorites (1386). A year later the King, having got liis judges tn declare Arundel's commission illegal, tried to arresf him, but wa he uccessful and only strengthened tlic opposition and drove ii in arms. In 1388 the Earl went to sea again and brought home much loot from I. a Rochelle. Later in the year, with the other lords appellant, he was retired from the council, but soon after was restored. Peace now seemed assured, but a persona] quarrel between Vrundel and John of daunt about 1393 renewed the trouble, and Boon after Fitzalan, his brother Thomas, who was archbishop, Gloucester, and Warwick formed a conspiracy against the King. This was discov- ered by the King, and Arundel, urged by his brother, surrendered himself, was impeached, con- demned, and executed. He had been very popu- lar among the people, who now considered him a saint and made pilgrimages to his tomb. His death hurried the end of the King's reign. FITZALAN, RICHARD, Earl of Arundel and Warenne (e.1307-70). An English soldier and admiral of Edward IIT., second Richard of the house, son of Edmund and Alice Warenne. He did not come into the title until 1330, after the death »of Mortimer. In 1337 he was made joint commander against Scotland; after the failure to capture Dunbar was put in sole command; completed a truce with the Scotch, and followed Edward III. to Brabant. Parliament made him admiral in 1340. He fought at Sluis; was a commissioner to Parliament in 1341, and took part in the siege of Tournai. In 1344 he was one of the lieutenants of Aquitaine, and in the following year put away his wife. Isabella le Despenser, and married Eleanor, widow of Lord Beaumont and daughter of Henry of Lancaster. He commanded one of the three divisions at Crecy, and was in the siege of Calais. In the years immediately following, he was treating with the Pope, and after taking part in the battle of Winchelsea (1350) was employed on diplomatic service in Scotland, Luxemburg, and France. But from 1365 on he seems to have retired; in that year he was summoned before the Pope by William de Lenne, Bishop of Chichester, but was successful in his resistance, thanks to the help of the King. He probably took part in the expedition to relieve Thouars in 1372. He was very rich and made heavy loans to the hard- pressed King. FITZALAN, Thomas, Earl of Arundel and Surrey (1381-1415). An English soldier under Henry IV. He was son of the third Richard Fitzalan and Elizabeth Bohun. On his father's death, the boy of sixteen was put in the keeping of John Holland. Duke of Exeter, who treated him brutally and tyrannically. He finally man- aged to escape from Reigate and joined his uncle Thomas, the deposed archbishop, and with him cast in his fortunes with Henry of Derby, with whom he landed at Bavenspur in 1399. Henry's success made Richard able to take vengeance on the Hollands; his estates and titles were re- stored to him, and he fought for several years against Owen Glendower. but accomplished prac- tically nothing. In 1405 he helped put down the revolt of Scrope and Mowbray, and showed great cruelty in putting the leaders immediately to death, against the advice of his uncle. In 1405 he accompanied the King into Wales and fi with less ill fortune than before. At the end of the year he married Beatri a natural daugh- ter of John I. of Portugal. 1 1 i'ii i j V. named him treasurer, < ion it able of Dovei i rdian of the Cinque Ports, and took him with him into France. He was taken Bick al Harfleur and died "ii in return to England, leaving no children FITZBALL', Edwabd (properly Ball) 1873). An English dramatist. Hewa born ii Bur- well, Cambridgeshire, was educated in a private i I I al Newmarket, and became a printer's ap prentice in 1809. In LSI 9, after having unsua i ii 1 1 j edited a magazine at Nbrvi ich, he cha aged his name to Fitzball, by prefixing his mother's name to his own, and began to write for th His first success was won bj hisThi Innkeeper oj L66< oille, performed al the Norwich Theatre in 1820, and in London in 1821-22. This was followed, in 1822, by an adaptation of Thi fortunes oj igi 7, and ail original drama entitled Joan 0/ Arc. For the next twenty-five years Fitzball was the most prolific dramatic author in England, turning out an enormous number of comedies, tragedies, and melodramas, most of which wire written to order for the managers of various metropolitan theatres. He was attached in succession to the Adelphi, Covent Garden, and Drury Lane theatres, as a stock dramatist. Among his numerous successes were: Peveril of the Peak (1823); Waverly (1824) ; The Floating Beacon (1824) ; The Pilot (1825), an adaptation of Cooper's novel, which ran over l'Oii nights; The Flying Dutchman (1828); Tht Red Rover (1828); The Devil's Elixir (1830); Bofer, the Tell of the Tyrol (1832); Jonathan Bradford (1833), a melodrama which ran over 4(10 nights at Covent Garden; Torn Cringle (ls:!4) ; Walter Tyrell (1835); Zazezizozu (1836); Tin Iomen tons Question; The Miller of Derwentioater ; and Nitocris (1859). Besides numerous popular ballads and songs he wrote the librettos for Balfe's operas, The Siege of Rochelle i 1835) ; Joan of Arc: Diadeste; Keolantht (1840); and The Maid of Honor (18471 : for Donizetti's La Favorita; for Bishop's Adelaide; and Wallace's Maritana. He published his memoirs under the title. Thirty-five Years of a Dramatic Author's Life (1859). FITZDOT'TKEL. A gull in Jonson's The Devil is an Ass. He is a conceited count r squire who pretends to be something other than himself for purposes of deceit. FITZGEB/ALD, Lord Edward (1763-98). An Irish politician and revolutionist. The fifth son of the seventeen children of the first Duke of Leinster, he was born October 1.3. 17ii-'!. al Car ton Ca^tlr, mar Dublin, ami educated in France. Fitzgerald joined the English Army, and in I7S1 went to the United States. He was wounded at the battle of Eutaw Springs. In 1783 he re- turned to Ireland to represenl Atliy in the Irish Parliament. A taste for exploration afterwards led him to journey by compass through the « Is from Fredericton to Detroit, where he was formally admitted into ti.e Bear tribe He also went down the Mississippi tn. ■« Orleans. In 1790 he returned and sat in the Irish Parliament as member for Kildare. Attracted by the French Revolution, he visited Paris in 1792, and was cashiered from the English Army for attending