Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 07.djvu/641

* FIELD. 58-i FIELD. lie vvaa taken out of the hospital by a Russian family with whom he returned to Moscow. Bui he never recovered his health, and died in Mos cow. Field's works thai have survived are his Nocturnes. They were the first successful efforts
 * ii composition unrestrained by classical form

and offering the composer freedom of poetic fancy. In their name, their romantic and sub- lective treatment, as well as in their technical aspect, they clearly indicate the starting-point of Chopin and of 1 1 1 < - modern romantic school. His works include 7 concertos (No. 4 of which was the most popular); 1 sonatas; - airs en rondeau; 4 romances; 18 nocturnes, and nu- merous other pieces of kindred type. An essay en Field by Liszt and reminiscences of him in Spohr's autobiography will be found interesting. FIELD, Joseph M. (1810-56). An American actor and dramatist. He was born in London, England; came to America when very young, and for several years traveled through the States writing plays and acting them, without attaining much reputation. In 1852 he assumed the man- agement of a theatre in Saint Louis, Mo., where he was also later principal owner and an editor of the Reveille newspaper. At the same time lie became widely known for his humorous sketches signed 'Straws' in the New Orleans Picayune. FIELD, Kate (c.1840-96). An American journalist, lecturer, and actress, of eccentric talent. She was born in Saint Louis, Mo., the daughter of Joseph M. Field (q.v.) ; was edu- cated in New England and in England ; and pro- longed her stay in Europe as correspondent of various American newspapers, writing also for magazines. On her return she gave lectures and public readings, and in 1874 appeared as Peg Votnngton at Booth's Theatre, New York. She afterwards abandoned the regular comedy for dance, song, and recitation, but achieved no striking success. In 1S82-83 she headed a Coop- erative Dress Association in New York, which achieved a conspicuous failure. In 1889 she established Kate Field's Washington, a weekly journal published in the capital. After lsi'>8 she published numerous volumes of miscellaneous con- tents, no longer noteworthy. FIELD, Magnetic. See Magnetism ; Dtna- mo-Electric Machinery. FIELD, Marshall (1835—). An American merchant, born in Conway. Mass. He was a clerk for a time in a shop in Pittsfield, Mass., and in 1856-60 in Chicago in a wholesale dry- goods establishment, in which he was a junior partner from 1860 to 1865. In 1865 he became a member of the firm of Field, Palmer & Leiter, which, after the retirement of Potter Palmer in 1867 and of I. L. Leiter in 1881. as- sumed the style of Marshall Field & Company. [Jnder his direction the firm obtained the largest wholesale and retail dry-goods business in the world, with headquarters in huge buildings in Chicago, and branches in France, Germany, and England. He gave to the Universitv of Chicago land valued at $200,000, and with a gift of $1,- 000.000 founded in Chicago the Field Columbian Museum as a permanent repository for many ex- hibits of the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893. FIELD, Michael. The carefully sustained pseudonym of two English women collaborators. generally undei I i to bi Mi Bradlej and Vlisa Cooper, who have written several remarkable poetic dramas and man] beautiful lyrics; Cat- in rhoi «>"/ t'aii Rosa < 1) The Ft Tragedy i 1885) ; CanuU t/n Qreai Tragic Mary i 1890) ; Long Loo I 188 Sight and Song i L892 1 : ' ndi i thi Boug) 1893) ; ihla, my Ittilal ( 1895) ; inna Ruma i 1899) ; The Race o] leaves i L901 i, FIELD, I:., n lbd ' 1561-1616). A Church i I England divine. He was born at Heme! Hemp- stead, Hertfordshire, October 15, 1561, and uated B.A. a1 Oxford in 1581. > •> a brilliant university career as instructor and scholar, he be- came in 1594 rector of Burghclere, Hampshire, and there and at Windsor, where he was a prebendary after 1604, he chieflj resided hence- forth. In 1610 he was made Dean of Gloucester. lie attended the famous Hampton Courl I ence in 1603, and enjoyed the special favoi oi King James. His fame rests upon lii- wurk, Of the Church (London, 1606, modern edi tion 1853), one of "the grandest monument! of polemical divinity in the language." FIELD, Stephen Johnson (1816-99). A dis- tinguished American judge, born in lladdani, Conn., in 1816. He was the second son of the Rev. David D. Field. D.D., and a brother of the eminent jurist and law-reformer, David Dudley Field. A younger brother was ( 'yrus W. Field, to whose energy and enterprise the success of the first Atlantic cable was chiefly due. At the age of thirteen young Field made a voyage to the East in company with a brother-in-law, who was a missionary, and he spent three years in Smyrna and Athens, studying Greek and other languages. Returning to this country, he graduated at Wil- liams College, in 1837. with the highest honors He then studied law in the office of bis brother in New York City, and, after his admission to the bar, became bis brother's partner, and devoted himself energetically to the practice of law until 1848, when he went abroad and passed a year in Europe. On bis return, in 1849. be joined the tide then setting toward California, and es- tablished himself there, at a place where now stands the city of Marysville. He was elected the first alcalde of the place, holding the office until the organization of the judiciary under the Consti- tution of the State. Under Mexican law an alcalde had a very limited jurisdiction, but after the American occupation the jurisdiction exer- cised by him in the anomalous condition of so- ciety in California at that time was practically unlimited. In 1850 he was elected to the Legis- lature, an.l was placed on the Judiciary Commit- tee. He drew up a bill defining the powers of the courts of justice and judicial officers of the State, which was passed, and most of its pro- visions are still retained in the California code. He also secured the passage of a law giving to the usages and regulations adopted by the miners for the protection and working of the mines. The principles embodied in this law were adopted in other mining regions of the country, and finally by the Congress of the United States. In 1857 lie was elected Judge of the Supreme Court of California, and in 1859 he succeeded David S. Terry as Chief Justice. When Mr. Field came to the bench, the titles to lands in the State were unsettled, and "it was largely through the