Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 07.djvu/630

* FEVER. 574 FEYEN. which the temperature remains above the normal (98.4° F.), the type is called continued; if the temperature drops to the normal and rises again, after intermissions of a few hours, a day, or two days, the fever is called intermittent; if the temperature falls to a point above the normal and ascends again, oscillating in this way for several day-, the fever is styled remittent. A certain fever decreases after several days till the temperature reaches the normal, and then after an interval of a few days it returns. This is styled r< lapsing fever. An intermittent fever in which the intermission is one day, or two days, or three days, is respectively termed a quotidian, tertian, or quartan type. A rise of temperature due to fatigue, teething, or to vaccination, or a local heat due to an infected sore or a boil, is not called a fever, though probably with a larger knowledge of the pathological conditions of tissue during fever the name might be applied even to these cases. In treating cases of fever, it is customary to record at certain intervals each day the degree of temperature reached by the clinical thermom- eter, placed in the mouth of the patient. This record of temperature is plotted on a special chart, with lines connecting the points reached by the temperature, and the resulting diagram is called the 'fever cure.' For convenience' sake the rate of pulse and of respiration, morn- ing and evening, is recorded on the chart, as well as the defecation and urination in certain cases. For simple continued fever, or abortive fever, see FebbicuXA ; for ardent fever, see Heat Stroke; for autumnal fever, see Typhoid Fever; for ship fever, jail fever, or camp fever, see Typhi's Fever; for spotted fever, see Menin- gitis (paragraph Cerebro-Spinal Meningitis); for bilious fever /an improper term), see Ma- laria and Typhoid Fever. Many other febrile disorders are described under their own names. FEVER-BUSH (so called as being sometimes used for intermittent fevers). Li/ndera Benzoin, or Benzoin odoriferum. A shrub common in the Northern United States, remarkable for its -i fill form and beautiful leaves. It is from 4 to l.l feel high, ami grows best in moist and shady [places. The bark is aromatic ami tonic, and a OCtion i- used as a stimulant in fevers. The berries, which an- bright scarlet in autumn, have occasionallj been used as a substitute for allspice, and sometimes (he shrub is called spice bush and wild allspice. FEVERFEW (AS. feferfuge, from l.al. febri- fugia century plant, from febris, fever -4- fu-, to put to flight, from fugere, to flee), Chry 'in Parthenium. perennial plant. found in waste places and near hedges in America and many parts of Europe, It i- botani eally allied to chamomile, and -till mere nearly to wild chamomile ( Matricaria Chamomilla). and much resembles these plants in it- proper) diffi r- in appea ranee, t he segment of its leaves being Hat and comparatively inn. el. and mailer. Its habit of growth is erect, much branched, and al t cue to two It has a strong, lomewhal aromatic ni e i popula r remedy in and from time immemorial lias been used a an II is employed in infusion, and timul 1 tonic double variety i- not uncommon in gardens.  ielate.1 genus is the mayweed or dog-fennel {Matricaria inodora), with leaves more resembling those of chamomile, but almost scentless, and large (lowers, with white rays and yellow disk, very common in grain-fields and waste places in America and throughout Europe. A form without the white rays is not uncommon. FEVER-TREE. See Pinckxeya. FEVERWORT (feier + icort, root, AB.wyrt, OHG. wurz, Ger. II urz : connected with Lat. ra- iti.r, root), Horse Gentian, or Wild Coffee, Triosteum perfoliatum. A perennial plant of the natural order Caprifoliacese. It has an erect, round, hairy, flstular stem, from one to four feet high, opposite ovate lanceolate entire leaves, and axillary whorls of brownish-purple flowers. It is a native of North America, occurring in rich woods from Canada to Alabama, and west to Iowa. Its dried and roasted berries have been occasionally used as a substitute for coffee ; but it is chiefly valued for its medicinal properties, its root acting as an emetic and mild cathartic. It is sometimes called Tinker's root, being named after Dr. Tinker, who first brought it into notice. FEWKES, fuks, Jesse Walter (1850—). An American ethnologist, Dorn at Newton, Mass. He graduated at Harvard in 1875, took his degree of Ph.D. there in 1877, and pursued the study of zoology at Leipzig (1878-80). He was an as- sistant at the Museum of Comparative Zoology of Harvard from 1881 to 1889, secretary of the Boston Society of Natural History from 1889 to 1S91, and editor of the Journal of Ethnology and ArcAosology from 1890 to 1894. He was director of the Smithsonian Archaeological Expedition to Arizona, and in 1895 became an ethnologist of the Bureau of American Ethnology. His writings comprise pamphlets on marine zoology and American archa'ology !lIK j ethnology, including a report on the ceremonies of the Moqui Indians. FEYDEATJ, fa 'do', Ernest Aime (1821-73). A French sensational novelist, a mediocre dram- atist, and an antiquarian scholar of some dis- tinction, born in Paris. He published a volume of commonplace verse in 1844, and in 1858 sprang into notoriety with Fanny, a daringly realistic study of the psychology of jealousy, to be asso- ciated with Constant's Adolphe. His later novels and his plays are wholly negligible. He wrote also an unfinished Histoire des usages /um tires et des sepultures des peuples ancii ns ( 1857 61 ) ; he secret ilu bonheur (1804, trans. 18117); sketches of Algerian life: and L'AHemagne in 1871 (1872), a clever but bitter view of Ger- many. FEYEN. feya.N'. EUGENE (1815—). A French genre painter, horn al Bey sur - la - Seilli Meurthe). lie was a pupil of Paul Delaroche, and began as a painter of portraits and nudes. It was uol until 1869 thai he exhibited hi- B study of fisher-folk, in which genre he is most successful. Mis composition is clever and his color agreeable. Among his besl works are: "The Harvesters of the Sea" ils7'J). in the Luxem bourg; "The Hay of Can, -ale" | 1885) : and " I h Sailor's Sweetheart" (1890). He received a iid el:i medal in 1 880, a I hird-elass nicd;i! al the Paris Exposition of 1889, and the Cross of (he Legion of Honor in 1881