Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 07.djvu/544

* FAYETTE. 192 FAZY. in the products of the surrounding agricultural region. Population, in 1890, 2247; in 1900, 2717. FAYETTEVILLE, fa-et'vll. A city and the eouuty-seat of Washington County, Ark.. 62 miles north by east of Fort Smith, on the Saint Louis and San Francisco Railroad (Map: Arkansas, A 1). It is a popular summer re'sort, noted for its picturesque situation and mineral wells, and has the Arkansas Industrial University. A na- tional cemetery, containing 1236 graves. 782 of unknown dead, and a Confederate cemetery in the centre of which stands a handsome monu- ment, are situated here. Fayetteville has manu- factures of lumber, flour, wagons, foundry prod- ucts, etc., and a trade in live stock, grain, fruit. and agricultural produce. Population, in 1S00, 2942; in 1900, 4061. FAYETTEVILLE. A town and the county- seat of Lincoln County, Tenn., about 110 miles west of Chattanooga, on the Elk River, and on the Nashville. Chattanooga and Saint Louis Rail- road ( Map : Tennessee, E 5 ). It has a fine court- house, Dick White College, and the Fayetteville Collegiate Institute. The town is the centre of a fertile agricultural district. There are flour- mills, planing-mills, a carriage-factory, etc. Population. inlSOO. 2410; in 1900. 2708. FAYETTEVILLE. A city and county-seat of Cumberland County, X. C, 00 miles south by west of Raleigh, on the Cape Fear River, at the head of navigation, and on the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad (Map: North Carolina, D 2). The State Colored Normal School and the Don- aldson-Davidson Academy are situated here. The city carries on a trade in cotton and naval stores, and has extensive manufactures of cotton, silk, cottonseed oil. lumber, furniture, flour, wooden- ware, tools, etc. There is also a large vineyard. Fayetteville is rapidly increasing in commercial ami industrial importance, and extensive im- provements are projected, namely, the develop- ment of electrical power for manufacturing and lighting from the Buckhorn Rapids above the city, and the canalization of the Cape Fear River from Fayetteville to Wilmington, insuring a depth of eight feet — a work whose cost is esti- mated at $1,300,000. The initial appropriation of $50,000 has been made 1 by Congress. The city government, under a charter of 1893, is vested in a mayor, chosen annually, and a municipal council, elected on a general ticket. Population, in 1800, 4222: in L900, 1670. Settled by the Scoteh, and laid cut as Camp- bellton in 1762, Fayetteville received its [.resent name during a visit, of Lafayette in 1784, and was incorporated as a city in 1893. In 1831 it was almost completely destroyed by lire. On April 22. 1861, Governor Ellis of North Carolina ized tli'- United States Arsenal here, containing a number of cannon, a lar [uantitj of ammuni- tion, ami 35,000 small arms. In' 1865, from March nth to 14th, General Sherman's forces occupied the village, destroying the arsenal ami ible property, FAY'RER, Sir Joseph (1824—). An Eng- lish physician, lie "as born at Plymouth, ami lu tted 'i London, Edinburgh, ami mi i he m "i Entei ing t he medical service of t he navy, he served in the military hospital ai I' ler during tin- siege of 1849. lie was a member of the Bengal Medical Service from I to 1874: served in the Burmese War of 1S52 and in the Indian Mutiny of l.S.">7; and was residi surgeon during the siege of Lucknow. From 1859 to 1S74 he was professor of surgery at the Medical College of Bengal, and was successively president and vice-president of the Bengal Asiatic Society. He was appointed surgeon-general and president of the India Oflice in December, 1874, and in 1901 became physician extraordinary li> King Edward VII. His principal works are the following: Clinical Surgery in India (1866); Thi Thana- tophidia of India (1872). a work on the poison- ous snakes: Lettsonnian Lectures on Fever and Dysi nli in in India ( 1881) ; and On the Preserva- tion of Health in India (1898). FAYTJM, fl'oom', The (Coptic phiom, sea, lake). An Egyptian province west of the Xile, in the Lybian Desert. It contains about 840 square miles, and is as celebrated for its fertility and productiveness to-day as it was in antiquity. Fruits of all kinds grow in abundance, and it is the only part of Egypt where the olive attains perfection. The greater part of the district originally formed the bed of Lake Moeris (q.v. ), but great embankments constructed by the kings of the twelfth dynasty, especially by Amenemhat III. (q.v.), reclaimed a large amount of land, and a considerable area was also diked off under the second Ptolemy. The modern representa- tive of Lake Moeris is the Birket el-Kerun, or 'Lake of Horns' (so called from its shape), some 34 miles long by 4%. miles wide, which extends along the western and northern sides of the province. The Fayum is watered by the Bahr Yusuf (Joseph's Canal), a channel 207 miles in length, which diverges from the Nile to the north of Siut, enters the Fayum through a narrow opening in the Lybian chain, and then divides into numerous ramifications. From very ancient times the district was the seat of worship of the crocodile-headed god Sobk (q.v.). ami its chief town was called by the Greeks Crocodilopolis. Ptolemy II.. Philadelphus, established a colony of veterans in the district which he renamed the Arsinoite noiiic. ami it- capital, the old Croi dilopolis, was later called Arsinoe. It is now called Medinet el-Fayum. Consult: Petrie, linn-ant, IHiiIiiiiii. and Arsinoe (London, 1889) R. H. Brown, The Fay&m and Lair Moeris i ib.. 1892). FAZIO, fa'tso-o. A tragedy by Dean Milman, published in London, 1815, ami first acted at the Surrey Theatre ami at Bath, with. ml tin- author's knowledge or consent, under the title of The Italian Wife. It was formally produced Febru- arys, 1818, a1 I'ovnit Garden.'with Miss O'Neill and Chailos Komlilc in the loading part-. II was ested by a story in Varieties of Literature, published by the Annual Register, in 1795. The role of Bianca was a favorite with Fann [vemble ami Madame Ristori. FAZY, fa'ze', Jean James (1796-1878). Swiss statesman and author, lie was horn in Geneva, ami was educated in Paris, where he began t lie s1 udj oi polit ical economj I pan the -pre. nl of the Carbonari (q.v.) to Frai in 1820, he became affiliated with them, at was active among the opponent- of the Got eminent of the Restoration. In 182ii he returned to his native city, where he began the publication of a newspaper called '.■ Journal de Geneve.