Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 07.djvu/543

* I'AY. 491 FAYETTE. Uri militaire (1S"0) ; Journal d'un o/Jicier de I'mnii' ilu Ithin (1871); Etude de marches: Jena, Sedan (1899). FAY, Charles Eenest i 1846—). An Araeri can linguist, born ni Roxbury, Mass. lie gradu- ated in 1808 at Tufts College (Boston, Mass.), and became instructor in mathematics there in IMliS, iii modern languages in I8IJ9, and professor hi modern languages in Is; I. In 1883 he assist- ed in founding the Modern Language Associa- tion, of whose pedagogical section lie was elected president in 1890. He was also one of the rounders of the Appalachian Mountain Club, and was elected its president in 1878, 1881, and 1893. hi 1879 he became editor of the Appalachia. His writings include several monographs and papers. FAY, fl, Joseph (1813-75). A German paint- er, born in Cologne. He studied al the Academy of DUsseldorf, and under Delaroche in Paris. llj"s lirst works, ideal in style, include "Genevieve," "Delilah," and "Cleopatra." In this manner he decorated the hall of the Rathaus at Elber- feld with frescoes that have since been destroyed. This was followed by a number of romantic studies, such as "Komco and Juliet" (1846) and "Marguerite in Prison" (1S47). Later in life he devoted himself to genre painting, treating especially subjects from Italian folk-life. He uses landscape as a background with skill, is a good colorist, and skillful brushman. FAY, Theodore Sedgwick (1807-98). An American poet, essayist, and story-writer, born in New York City. He studied law, but never practiced, and in 1828 became associate editor of the New York Mirror, for which he wrote during extended travels in Europe. He was Secretary of the American Legation in Berlin (1837-53), then Minister Resident in Bern, Switzerland (1853-61); and lived for some years in Berlin Lmong his books are: Dreams and Reveries of a Quiet Man (1832); Norman Leslie, a tale, long popular, of New Y'ork, afterwards dramatized (1835); Sydney Clifton (1839): Countess Ida (1840) ; Boboken, a romance (1843) ; and Robert Rueful (1844). To poetry he contributed Vlric, or the Voices (1851); to theology, Views of Christianity (1856); to history, Switzerland I istifl) and History of the Three Oermanys (1889); to education. Great Outlines of Geog- raphy (1867) and First Steps in Qeoaraphit (1873). • FAYAL, fi-al' (Port., place planted with beech-trees; so called on account of some trees mistaken for beeches by the early European col- onists of the island). One of the Azores (q.v.), in latitude 38° 25' N., and longitude 28° 35' W., situated a little to the west of the island of Pico (Map: Portugal, A 5). It is about 10 miles long; area, 69 square miles. It has a mountain- ous surface, rising to an altitude of over 3300 feet. Its soil is fertile, producing grain, oranges, potatoes, and onions. There is a scarcity of water and wood. The salubrious climate attracts many visitors. The island has in former times Buffered from volcanic outbreaks. Faval has a population estimated at 26,000. Its chief port is Tlorta, where the German submarine cable from Borkum to New Y'ork has a station. FAYE, fa, Herve At-guste Etienne Albans (1814—). A French astronomer. He was born at Saint-BenoIt-du-Sault (Indre), and was edu- cated at the Ecole Polyteehnique. which he h ft Vol. VII. — 32. in 1834, before completing hia course, to accept a position in the observatory al Paris to which lie bad been appointed on the rec mendation of M. Arago. Ho made rapid progress in bis astronomical studies and inve tigations, and on November 22. 1843, attracted world wide al tention b the discovery of the periodical comet which bears his name. This discover} won him the Lalande prize and a membei hip in the Academy <>f Science.;, in i s t s be became an in- structor in geodesy at the Polyteehnique, and in 1854 rector of the Academy at Nancy and pro fessor of astronomy in the faculty of scii t here. I [e was in peel or general of seconds I j education from 1857 to 1862, and wa appointed professor of astronomy and geodesy at the Ecole Polyteehnique in is;:;. ||,. served as president of the Bureau of Longitudes in 1876, and chief in- spector of higher education in 1877, and in the latter year for a short time was Minister of Public Instruction in the Rochebouel Cabinet. His work covers the entire field of astron ical investigation. It comprises the determination of comet periods, the measurement of parallaxes, and the study of stellar and planetary m< ments. He advanced several original theories on the nature and form of comets, meteors, the aurora borealis, and the physical constitution of the sun. In collaboration with Charles Ga- lusky he translated Humboldt's Cosmos (4 vols.. 1846-59), and in addition to numerous contribu- tions to scientific periodicals, published the fol- lowing important works: Sur lea declinaisons absolues (1850); Sur Irs cyclones solaires (1873) ; Cours d'astronomie de VEcole Polyteeh- nique (1881-83); Sur Vorigine du monde (2d ed., enlarged, 1885). See Faye's Comet. FAYEEWEATHEB, far'wetir-er, Daniel B. (1821-90). An American merchant and philan- thropist, born at Stepney, Conn. He accumulated a fortune as a leather dealer in New York City. He made special bequests to charitable and edu cational institutions, aggregating more than $2,- 000.000, and directed that about $3,000,000 more should be placed with three executors for similar distribution. His will was subjected to a remark- able and prolonged contest, which resulted in a complete victory for the beneficiaries. FAYE'S COMET. A comet discovered at Paris by Faye, November 22. 1843. It is one of the periodic comets, whose return has been ob- served several times: viz. in the years 1851. 1858, 1865, 1873, 1880, 1888, and 1895. See Comet. FAYETTE, fa -Ft'. A town in Fayette County. Iowa, 17 miles northeast of Oelwein. on the Chi- cago, Milwaukee and Saint Paul Railroad (Map': Iowa, F 2). Upper Iowa University (Methodist Episcopal), founded In 1857. is situated here. Fayette has a creamery and agricultural inter- ests. Settled in 1856, it. was incorporated as a town in 1874 under a general State law. Popu- lation, in 1900, 1315. FAYETTE. A city and the county-seat of Howard County, Mo., 160 miles west by north of Saint Louis, on the Missouri. Kansas and Texas Railroad (Map: Missouri. V) 2). The Howard Payne College for Women (Methodist Episcopal, South), opened in 1844. and the Central College i M.thodist Episcopal, South), opened in 1857, arc situated here. Fayette has considerable trade