Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 07.djvu/448

* EYE. 400 EYLAU. stone, etc., are driven into the interior of the eye, there is great danger of destructive inflam- mation and sympathetic ophthalmia. (See Oph- thalmia.) Most commonly foreign bodies, as particles of dust, sand, seeds, flies, etc., merely get into the space between the eyeball and the lids, almost always concealed under the upper, as it is the larger, and sweeps the eye. They ca pain, from the firmness and sensitiveness of the papillary surface of the lid, soon excite inflam- mation, and their presence as the cause is apt to be overlooked. The lid must be turned over to find them. To do this, pull the front or edge of the lid forward by the eyelashes, held with the finger and thumb, and at the same time ] ress down the back part of the lid with the tip of the left forefinger, or with a small pencil or kei. The lid will readily turn over, when the body may be seen and removed with the corner of a handker- chief. In other cases, a solution of cocaine must be instilled and a needle used to dislodge the particle. After the bodies are removed, a feeling as if they were still there may remain for some time. Consult May, Manual of Diseases of ths Eye (New York, 1901). EYE. A loop, ring, or hole through a sub- stance; also direction, as in the wind's eye. The extreme forward part of a ship is called the eyes of the ship. Chinese junks and other native craft have blocks of wood shaped and painted to resemble human eyes placed on each side of the bow, and the hawse-holes of ships of Europe and America are sometimes compared to eyes, and may at one time have been so called. The eyes of the rigging are loops formed in the shrouds or stays for fitting around the mastheads. A deadeye is a block of hard wood (usually lignum vita?) pierced with several holes. Two deadeyes are made to form a sort of tackle by reeving a rope through them; in rigged ships of old type the lower ends of shrouds and stays were secured to such tackles, which were kept in place permanently. An eye-holt is a bolt that has a projecting end formed in the shape of a ring for the purpose of hooking a tackle or at- taching a rope. Eyelets, or eylet-holes, are small circular holes in sails, awnings, etc., through which |i:is small ropes. An eye-splice is an eye formed at the end of a rope by separating the strands at the end and sticking (hem between the strands in a special manner at the proper place. EYE, IV Ai i i ST "- (1825-96). A German art historian, horn at Ftlrstenau, Hanover, May 24, 1825, and educated ai <;;;tt,ingen. He wrote valuable works on ancient and modern art and on philosophical subjects. He died at Nordhausen January 13, 1896. The best known of his works is his Leben und Werken Albrecht DUrers I Nord- lingen, 1860). He als lited a number of illus- trated works treating the history of art ami cul ture, among which were: Oallerie de'r Veist r werlr altdeutseher Holzschneidekunsl (Nui berg, 1858 61 I : Deutschland ror H00 Jahren I ■ be n und I-. »»■:' i Leipzig, 1857 ); A Leoen ihr Vorzeit (Nuremberg, 1868), His prin cipal philosophical work is Das Reich des Schbnen (1878). EYE OF GKEECE. An ancient epithet of Athens. EYEPIECE, or OoULAB. The name given to the lens or tenses by means of which the in of tin- object formed ai th of a tel pe or microscope is observed. See Telescope, and Microscope. '1 here are two forms of eyepieces in general use, each of which possesses advantages for certain classes of work. In the Ramsden eyepiece there are two plano-convex lenses of equal focus placed with their curved sides toward each other. As the image is formed beyond the lenses this eye- piece can be used in micrometer miseroscopes. ( See Micrometers.) In the Huyghenian ej epiece there are two plano-convex lenses, the lower of which has a focal length several times grei than that of the upper. The curved face of the upper lens faces toward the plane face of the lower, and the image is formed between the two. ii-eountof the eyepieces used in microscopes will be found in Carpenter, The Microscope (8th ed., Philadelphia, 1001). EYERMAN, i'er-man, John (1867—). An American geologist and genealogical writer. He was born at Easton. Pa., of Pennsylvanian Dutch -i iv. was educated at Lafayette College, and continued his studies at Harvard, Columbia, and Princeton universities. He was a lecturer on determinative mineralogy at Lafayette Col! and in 1890 became associate editor' of the Ami i - crtn Geologist. His publications include: The Mineralogy of Pennsylvania (1891); A Courst Determinative Mineralogy (1892): The Graveyards of Northampton (1899-1901). For several years he has been engaged in compiling The Bibliography of North American Vertebrate Palaeontology. EYE-TEETH, also called Canine or Cuspi- date Teeth. The two teeth in the u, i next to the pre-molars, one on each side, the f of which extend far upward in the direction of the eye. See Teeth. EYLAU, I'lou, or PREUSSISCH -EYLAU, proi'sish-I'lou. A town of some 3000 inhabitants, situated on the Pasmar, ahout 2t miles south of Konigsberg, Prussia. It is noted as -the scene of a sanguinary battle betwi n French under Napoleon and a combined force of Russians and Prussians under Bennigsen and Lestoeq. February 7-8. 1807. On the night of February 7th, the French army came in touch with the rear guard of the Russians at Eylau. After a murderous fight, during which the Russian position was thrice t.ikcn and lost. Soult succeeded in driving the enemy from the town. The following morning found the two armies drawn up at close range. Soult held the left wing of the French army; in the centre was the corps of Augereau; on the right flank was '•vision of Saint Ililairo. Behind Augereau was Murat with his cavalry. On i he extreme left and some ten miles in advance ol the main battle- lii e was the corps ( ,f Ney engaged in hot pursuit of 8000 Prussians under Le9tocq. < »n the extreme and also in advance was the corps of Davout It was Napoleon's intention to throw Davout's forces against the extreme left tlank of the Russians, an. I by pressing it back upon the re to send the entire hostile army flying in confusion I i ■ .,,•■■ H i (hey would be rce] i by Ney, The plan miscarried, however Foi Dai ut, di i.yed by a blinding snow- storm, did uoi di ai .... I befori I o'clock in (1 batt le bi gan larly in the morning with a furious i mnona e, lasting sevi ral lioui - i i — >•■ c u ps was then sent