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* EXEGESIS. 360 EXEGESIS. represented perhaps by van Oosterzee (died 1882; Person and Work of the Redeemer, trans., Lon- don, 1880; Commentary on Luke, Edinburgh, 1863; the Pastorals and, with Lange, ■lamia in Lange, ib., 1858-62). The later years have been practically barren of New Testament exegesis. The New Testament exegesis produced in Great Britain and America during the nineteenth cen- tury was not noticeably affected by the English Deism which closed the century preceding, nor to any degree by the various rationalistic move- ments which, during the first half of the century, so profoundly inlluenced the exegesis of Germany. The effect of Ritschlism is as yet not marked. In Great Britain such writers as Scott (died 1821; Family Bible, London, 1796-1825) and Adam Clarke (died 1832; Commentary on the Holy Bible, ib., 1810-26) continued the popular work of Henry, Doddridge, and Gill, but with better critical results. Scholars like Alford (died 1871; The GreeJi Vew Testament with Com- mentary, London, 1849-61); Ellicott (Commen- tary on. Galatians, Cambridge, 1854; Ephesians, ib., 1855; the Pastorals, ib., 1850; Philippians, Colossians, Philemon, ib., 1857: Thessalonians, ib., 1858; I. Corinthians, London, 1887) ; J. B. Lightfoot (died 1889; Commentary on Halations, London, 1805; Philippians, ib., 1868; Colos- sians, Philemon, ib.. 1875; Xotes on Paul's Epis- tles, ib., 1895); Westcott (died 1901; Commen- tary on John's Epistles, ib., 1883; Hebrews, ib., 1889; John's Gospel, ib., 1892); Eadie (died 1876; Commentary on Colossians, ib., 1856; Phi- lippians. ib.. 1859; Ephesians, ib., 1861; Gala- tians, ib., 1869; Thessalonians, ib., 1877) ; Plumptre (died 1891; Commentary on Acts, Cambridge, 1879; Mark, ib., 1879; II. Corinthians, ib., 1883) ; and MacPherson (Commentary on Ephesians, Edinburgh, 1S92) produced works of permanent value, though generally conservative in their attitude. Stanley (died 1881; Com- mentary on Corinthians, London. 1862) and Jowett (died 1893; Commentary on Galatians, Romans, Thessalonians, London, 1859) represent a freer tendency. In America, New Testament exegesis was perhaps more conservative, though, with noted exceptions, not so remarkable for scholarship. Its best representatives were: Moses Stuart (died 1852; Commentary on He- brews, Andover, 1827-28; Romans, ib., 1832; Apocalypse, ib., 1845; Principles of Interpreta- tion, from the Latin of Ernesti, ib.. 1842) ; J. A. Alexander (died 1SG0; Commentary on Acts, New York. 1856; Mark, ib., 1858; Matthew, ib., I860) ; Hackett (died 1875; Commentary on Acts, Boston, 1851; Philemon. Xew York, I860); C. Hodge (died 1878; Commentary on Romans, Philadelphia, 1835; Ephesians, W» York, 1856; Corinthians, ib., 1857-59); Cowles (died 1SS1 ; Votes on the Old and Xeir Testaments. New York, 1807-81); Conant. [Annotated Version • ■•. Matthew, ib., 1800; Revised Version of the New Testament, with Votes, il>.. L866) ; Broadus ■ I 1895; Commentary on Matthew, Philadel- phia, L886) ; Hovey, editor of the imeriean Com- mentary ou Hi. . n Testament (Philadelphia, 1«S7!I0). to which lie personally contributed Cfospi I :md Oalatians I 1890) . i he growing needs of Sunday-school work pro- duce.! in America :i class of popular exegetical for the use of teachers and older scholars in the school, such as Karnes's (died 1870) Xotes on the New Testament (New York. 1832-52)] Jacobus's (died 1870 j Notes on the Gospels (ibJ 1848-56) and Acts (ib., 1859). At the preset time in Great Britain these needs are met bj| such series as the Handbooks for Bible Classen and Private Students, edited by -Marcus Doda and Alexander Whyte (London.* L879-85) ; The Cambridg> Bible for Schools and Colleges, edited by J. J. S. Perowne (ib., 1878-1901); also by the same editor The Cambridge Greek Testament for Schools and Colleges (ib., 1881-91). In America P. N. Peloubet has produced since 1875 a series of compilative Xotes on the Sunday School Lessons. In the same popular line, though for more general use, are: in Great Brit- ain. The Pulpit Commentary (1880 sqq.) edited by Canon Spence and J. S. Exell : Tht Library, Commentary, by Jameson, Fausset, and Brown (1871); Commentary for English Readers (Lon- don, 1877-79), by Bishop Ellicott; Biblical Museum ( 1871-81 ), edited by J. C. Gray: The Expositor's Bible ( London, 1888 et seq.), edited by W. Robertson Nicoll. In America: Com- mentary on the Old and New Testaments (New York, 1874-86), edited by D. D. Whedon: Bible Work (ib., 1887 et seq.), by J. G. Butler. For more advanced scholarly use is The Holy Bible (Speaker's Commentary, London, 1871-82), edited by Canon Cook (died 1889). In the front rank of critical and exegetical scholarship of the present time stands The International Critical Comment tary (New York, 1895 et seq.). The New Testa- ment books so far produced are: Mark, by E. P. Gould (died 1902); Luke, by Alfred Plummerj Romans, by William Sanday; Philippians ami I'liilemon, by Marvin R. Vincent; Ephesians and Colossians, by T. K. Abbott; Peter and Jude, by Charles Bigg. With this may be ranked, in a way, the more concise but none the less schol- arly reworking of Alford's Greek Testament, un- der the title. The Expositor's Greek Testament (London, 1897 et seq.), edited by W. Robertson Nicoll; the books thus far produced are: The Synoptic Gospels, by A. B. Bruce; John's Gospel, by Marcus Dods ; .4 cts, by R. J. Knowling; Ro- mans, by James Denny; /. Corinthians, by C. G. Findlay. More controversial, but also scholarly, may be added. International Handbooks to the eu TrslamenI (London. 1900 et seq.), edited by Orello Cone; the books thus far published are: The Synoptic Gospels, by George L. Cary; Thessalonians, by James Drummond; Hebrews, Colossians, Ephesians, Philemon. Pastorals, James, Peter and Jude, by Orello Cone. Bibliography. Old Testament Introductions: Baudissin (Leipzig, 1901), Bleek (1800; 0th ed., by Wellhausen, Berlin. 1893), Cornill (1891; 4th ed. Freiburg, 1896), Davidson (Louden, 1862), Driver (1891; 8th ed. Xew York. 1898), Eichhorn (1780; 4th ed. Gbttingen, 1824). Home (1818; 10th ed. bv Davidson, London. L856) ; Keil (1855; 3d ed. Frankfort, 1873), KBnig (Leipzig. 1803). lieuss (1881: 2d ed. Brunswick, 1890), Strack (1883; 4th ed. Munich, 1895), Vatke (ed. by Preiss, Bonn, 1886), da Wette I isoii; 8th ed., by Schrader, Halle, 1869). New Testament Introductions: Bacon (Xew Y..rk. 1900), Bleek (1802; Itli ed., by Mangold, Berlin, 1886), Davidson (1868; 3d ed. London, 1894), Godei (Eng. trans., Edinburgh, 1894), llilgcnfeldl (Halle, 1875), Holtzmann (1885; 3d ed. Freiburg, 1892), Jalicher (1894, 1th ed.