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* EVERETT. 313 EVESHAM. for Vice-President of the United States by the Constitutional Union L'arty (q.v.). The ticket received 590,63) votes out of a total of 1,680,193, ginia, and Tennessee, oul of 303. When the Civil War broke out in 1H01 he took his stand promptly with those who were determined to maintain the Union at every hazard. In the ■ Ti'iit crisis of 1864, when Lincoln was reelected, Everett's name headed the list of Presidential electors of Massachusetts, and the casting of his vote for Lincoln was the last act in his political career. On January 9, 1865, he spoke in Faneuil Hall in behalf of the needy and suffering citizens of Savannah, and on the following Sunday, the loth, he died. His orations and speeches have been published in four volumes ( Boston, 1850- 92), but there is no adequate biography. Con- siderable biographical material, however, is con- tained in A Memorial of Edxoard Everett from Hi,- Cili/ of Boston (Boston, 1S65) ; and in Dana, An Address upon the Life ami Services of Edward Everett (Cambridge, 1865). EVERETT, William (1830—). An Ameri- can educator and author, the son of Edward Everett. He was born at Watertown, Mass., graduated at Harvard in 1850, and at Trinity College, Cambridge, England, in 1863; was then assistant professor of Latin in Harvard from 1863 to 1881, and afterwards became master of the Adams Academy at Quincy, Mass. He has figured actively in politics as a civil service and tariff reformer in the Democratic Party. In 1897 he was licensed to preach in the Unitarian Church. He published On the Cam (1855), lec- tures giving bis experience at Cambridge; Chang- ing Base (1868) ; Hesione, or Europe Unchanged, a poem (1869), and Double Play (1870). EVERGLADES. A great marsh, about 140 miles long and 50 miles wide, covering the larger part of the south end of Florida (Map: Florida, D 4 ). It is not a swamp in the commonly accepted sense of that term, for the water i3 clear and wholesome, and has a slow current. The region is gradually being drained by the processes of nature. The Everglades consist of a vast number of small, low islands separated by channels, in which the water is generally shal- low (rarely exceeding ten feet in depth), and is concealed by tall grass. Fish abound. The islands are covered with dense masses of pine and palmetto, together with tropical shrubs and vines. The country is almost entirely wild, and is rich in small game. During the Seminole War in 1835 the Indians ambushed and destroyed in the Everglades a body of United States troops under Major Dade, and were not driven out until after a struggle which cost the Government 1500 men and $10,000,000. EVERGREEN. A town and the county-seat of Conecuh County, Ala., 00 miles northeast of Mobile; on the Louisville and Nashville Railroad (Map: Alabama, C 4). It is a winter resort, noted for its mineral springs, and has the Second Congressional District Agricultural School and Experiment Station, and the State Baptist Or- phanage. The town is interested chiefly in agri- culture and market gardening. Population, in moo, 1277. EVERGREEN. A plant which retains its foliage organs throughout the year. Evergreens contrast naturally with deciduous trees. These latter shed their leaves periodically, whereas the leaves ol evergreens are more persistent and are not shed periodically. The term evergre particularly in the ease of trees, and the fori of the world are subdivided into various ecoli cal. groups, the basis for which is the nature ol the foliage, whether deciduous or evergreen. i i/ei green Eon I are aga in ubdi ided into the northern or conifer types, the sclerophyll or win- ter-rain type, and the tropical type in region whose atmosphere ia always moist. See Koiu.si ; 1.1 l p, EVERGREEN ISLE. A popular designation for Ireland. EVERHART, Benjamis Matlack (1818 — ). An American author and botanist. He was born near Westchester, Chester County, l'a., and spent the first forty years of his life in mercantile pur- suits. In 1. 30 he retireil from business and de- voted himself to botanical research anil to gather- ing and arranging a great collection of fungi, comprising thousands of specimens. Be discov- ered nearly three hundred new species of lichens, mosses, and liverworts, and became known as one of the greatest authorities in this branch of botan- ical science. In association with J. B. Ellis he founded the Journal of Mycology, the publication of which was subsequently taken up by the United States Government. • Xine plants have been named in his honor. His principal publica- tions are Ellis's North American Fungi, and The North American Pyrenomycetes, with original il- lustrations by W. F. Anderson (1892), a valuable monograph. EVERLASTING FLOWER. A name given to various flowers, among which are certain spe- cies of amaranth (q.v.), and of helicbrysum. Sec Immortelle. See Plate of Goldenrod. EVERLASTING GOSPEL. See Joachim op Floris. EVERLASTING PEA. See Lathyrus. EVERSLEY, Ciiarles Shaw Lefevre, Vis count (1794-1888). An English politician. He was born in Yorkshire; was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge; was called to the bar in 1819, and entered Parliament in 1830, where he became a steady supporter of the Whig Govern- ment. He was many times chosen Speaker of the House of Commons, and won distinction by his reforms in procedure. EVERY MAN IN HIS HUMOUR. Jon- son's first extant comedy, produced at the Globe in 1598, Shakespeare himself taking a part, and printed in 1601. It proved the most vital of Jonson's plays. Garriek, after revising the piece, played the part of Kitely with great success. EVERY MAN OUT OF HIS HUMOUR, "A Comicall Satyre," by Ben Jonson. produced in 1599 and published in 1600. The characters. Buffone and Clove are both caricature, of the plavwright Marston, with whom Jonson had had a quarrel. EVESHAM, evz'am, originally EOVES- HAM. A municipal borough and market-town in Worcestershire, England, on the right, bank of the navigable Avon, 15 miles southeast of Wor- cester (Map: England, E 4). It lies in a beau- tiful and fertile vale, and has for many years been noted for market gardening. It is well built, and lighted by gas. The gasworks and water- supply are owned by the municipality. It has a
 * m ,l 39 electoral vote's, tluise of Kentucky, Vir-