Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 07.djvu/216

* ERIGENA. L86 ERITREA. again as the final good and consummation of all The Church doctrine of creation out of nothing he completely changes by making 'nothing 1 mean reality in so far as un- known. Cod eternally creates the world out of Himself, the Unknown. In logic he was a real- ist; creation of individual this eems to be nothing but logical subordination of the par- ticular to the universal. As can be seen from account of his views, he was not an authoritarian, but insisted that "authority originates in reason, not reason in authority. All authority which is not confirmed by true be weak," whereas reason "does not need to be c ted by the seal of any authority.'" Erigena took active part in the theological polemic of his day, maintaining the spiritual presence in the Eucharist, and denying chalk's (q.v.) twofold predestination, i.e. both to salvation and to damnation, and incon- sistently admitting only the former. Erigena's main work, his De Divisione Waturce, was con- demned by the Provincial Council of Paris in 1210, and ordered by Honorius III. in 1225 to be burned. It was first printed in Oxford. 1681. I>f Dili, hi Prwdestinatione was printed first in Pari-. 1650. His complete extant works were published by Floss (Paris, 1853). Consult: i Ihristlieb, Leben und Lehre des Johannes Seo-tus ./ (Gotha, 1860) ; Huber, Johannes Scoius <ia i Munich, 1SG1) ; Buchwald, Der Logos- begriff des Johannes Scotus Erigena (Leipzig, L884) ; Wotschke, Fichte und Erigena (Halle, 1896); Kaulieh. Oeschichte der scholastischen ophie i Prague, 18G3) ; Poole, Erigena I London, 1896). EEIGERON, e-rlj'-e-r6n (Lat., from Gk. ripiytpuv, erigi ron, the plant groundsel, from ij/x, Sri, early -f- ytptov, geron, old). A genus of plants of tin' natural order Composite. It has a power- ful odor, which is said to keep away fleas, and the name Beabane is sometimes given to the plant. Erigeron Philadelphicum, with pale-purple ray and a fetid -null, and Erigeron Canadensis, with inconspicuous ray-, are valued in the United State- a- diuretic-. The latter species is now widely diffused throughout the world. The prin- cipal constituent of the oil which is distilled from these species i- terpene. The oil is a strong hemostatic, irritant, and stimulant, and is valu- able in eases of uterine hemorrhage, diarrhcea, and dysentery . ETtlN (Olr. llrriv, Erin, gen. sg. Erenn, W'cl-h Tioerddon, MBret. Tuerdon; perhaps ul- > connected with Skt. pwan, fat. rich, Gk. Ili f)(pla, Pi{v)eria, name of a district in l lie aneieni name now employed po- etically tor I reland i q.v.). ERIN GO BRAGH, brim (Olr.. Ireland for- ever). The old war-cry of the Irish. ERIN'NA (Lat., from Gk.'Bpwva). A Greek of uncertain date. On the basis of a be ba ■< nerally been re- garded a- a contemporary and friend oi Sappho, iigramm und Skolion (Gies -en. I- thown it to Kr probable thai due to the fad that Erhma wrote son"- whii i mpared with those oi Sappho, ller mo,! probable date i- the early Alexandi iai nor er poems 1 be most ' iff" CIIXoitdTT,), in hi ""■ii' - of her work- by Bergk, Poetw Lyrici Grceci, iii. (Leipzig, 1900 'i.i. ERINYES, e-rtn'1-ez. See Euhexides. E RIOBOT'RYA. See LoQUAT. E'RIODEN'DRON (Neo-Lat., from Gk. ipvav, erion, wool + Sivopov, dendron, tree). A genus of trees of the natural order Malvaceae, or Bom- iccording to Engler, natives of tropical countries. The thick, woody seed-capsules con- tain a kind of fibre which resembles cotton, from which the trees are called silk-cotton. Erioden- dron anfractuosum, found in the East Indies, Africa, and also South America, is a tree which reaches a height of 130 feet or more. The Afri- can variety or species is called rimi and bentang. Park mentions it by the latter name. Barth says ■it is generally to be seen growing near the prin- cipal gate of large towns in Haussa. Its wood is soft and spongy, chiefly used for making canoes. The roundish seeds, of the size of peas, are eaten in Celebes. The trees of this genus have palmate leaves and large, beautiful flowers. On account of its shortness, elastieitj r, and brittle- ness, the fibre cannot be spun like cotton. It is. however, valuable in various ways in upholstery and is used for making floss. The principal sup- plies come from Java, although the tree is com- mon throughout nearly all tropical regions. In Java it is known as "Kapok." The silky and lus- trous fibre of Eriodendron Samauma is used in Brazil for stuffing pillows, and has been made into many articles. It i- said to be a good substi- tute for heaver in the manufacture of felt hats. Very similar to Eriodendron are the species of Bombax, a related genus. Bombax Ceiba and Bombax Munguba are Brazilian trees of large size. Bombax Malabaricum is an East Indian •species, the fibre of which is reddish, hence the tree is called the red silk-cotton tree. The fibre of these three species is used only for stuffing pillows. It is said that all of them would make good paper. Valuable bast-fibres used in nraking ropes are found in the bark of all species. E'RIOPH'ORTJM. See Cotton-Grass. E'RIS (Lat., from Gk. "E/jct). In Greek mythol- ogy, the sister of Ares in the Iliad, and daugh- ter of Xyx (night I in Hesiod. Eris, or 'strife,' is represented by Homer as at first insignificant, but growing until her head touches the heavens. According to the late poets it was Eris who at the marriage festival of Peleus and Thetis flung on the table the golden apple inscribed 'to the fairest,' for which Hera. Athena, and Aphrodite contended, and which thus brought about the Trojan War. The Latin writers give Eris the name of Discordia. ER'ITH (AS. Mrre-Eye, Old Haven). A town of Kent. England, on the right bank of (he Thames. 15 mile- ea-t of Charing Cross Station. London. It is a favorite suburban residence and a popular start ing point for yacht-races. In the neighboring marshes are large po der fac- tories. The town ha- eleetrie lighting, municipal dwelling-houses, and a modem sewerage system. Population, in 1801, 13,400; in 1900. 25,300. ERITRE'A. ll. pron, a'rt-trfi'a, or ERYTH- HJEA. Italian colony in northeast Africa. him; between the Led Sea on the northeast and Abyssinia on the southwest, and between Egyp- tian Sudan on the northwest and French Somali land on the southeast, and embracing the north-