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* BBAKE. 434 DRAKE. quiet worr fi.lloweil. in 1595. liv an iwpodition to the West Inilies. The Spaniards had received intellij;enie of the atteni|>t. and the Knj;li»hnien were repulsed in an attack iipim I'orto Kieu and other phiees. Drake died otT Porto Ik-llo. .laiiuary 28, lolHl. I'onsult: Corbett, Drake and the Tudor Kavu (London. 1898) ; id., tiir Francis Drake, in '•Enjilish Men of Action Series" (London, 18U0I. The intensely interesting orifiinal narrations of Drake's e.xploits niav be found in the Hakluyt volumes (London. i848, 18.50, and ISC.S): in Arber, An Kniilifh (lamer, No. V. (7th ed., Bir- ininfiham, 188l)-S;i) : and in the Camden Miscel- lanii. vol. V. (London, 18(i3). DRAKE, Francis Samuel (1828-85). An Anieriean autlior. born at Northwood, N. H., the son of Samuel (iardner Drake. His most impor- tant work is liis Itictionarij of American liioij- rapUii (1872). eontaininjr 10,000 bioj;raphies, neariv all i)rei)ared by himself. He also i)Ub- lished Life of (Jeneraf Henry Knox (187:1), The Town of Roxhury (1878), and IiuHan History for Yonnq Folks (1884); and contributed to Winsor's .Memorial History of Boston (1880-82). DRAKE, drii'kf, FRiEnRicii .Touanx Hein- HUii I lSO.5-82). A (ierman sculptor, born at I'yrmont, June 23, 180.5. His father was a turner, and the son also served an apprentice- ship in cabinet-work. His talent in clay- modeling attracted the attention of Dr. Mund- henke, a relative of Ranch, who in 1827 obtained for him admission into the sculptor's atelier. Drake also studied in Italy, where he came under the inlluence of Thorwaldsen, but Ranch was his principal master, and his first works were executed under Ranch's directions. The best of them is a group representing a "Dying Warrior" (1833). crowned with the laurel of victory: a "Madonna and Child," bought by the Empress of Russia; and a graceful statue of a "Female Vine-Dresser" (Xatioiial .Miseum, Herlin). His early works also include a series of excellent portrait statuettes of (loethe, Schil- ler, Ranch, the two Huniboldts, and other celeb- rities. In 183(i he modeled the colossal bronze statue of .Justus Miiser, a German patriot, for Osnabriick, and in 1844 he completed the plaster statues (rf the eight "Provinces of Prussia" for the White Hall in the Royal Palace of Berlin. .mong his best works is the marble statue of Frederick William 111. in the Thiergarten. Ber- lin; the frieze crowning the circular pedestal. 18 feet in height, represents the enjoyment of nature, and is one of the mo.st graceful works of modern sculpture. Noteworthy among his other works is the noble marble statue of Chris- tian Ranch, in the vestibule of the New Museum, Berlin; another of the sculptor Schinkel (18(1!)). and a marble group in the Schlossbriiche rc|)re- sentiiig a "Warrior Crowneil by Victory" ( 18.50). Perhaps the most important of all his monu- mental works is the colossal bronze statue of King William of Prussia (1807), for the iron bridge of C<dogne. At the Paris Exhibition (1807) this moniunent was adjudged the most remarkable work of modern sculpture, and brought to the sculptor the gi-cat gold medal of the Legion of Honor. His latest works include the icdossal bronzi' statue of .■Mexander von Hum- boldt in Pliiladel])hia and busts of Bismarck ami 'on .Moltke. Drake is one of the foremost repre- sentatives of the German School of sculpture of the nimtecnth century. His art is manly and strong. bit not without a high appreciation of beauty of form. It is not a relleetion of the an- tl<|Ue. like that of Canova, but more lu'iginal and modern. In his portrait work he rcmlers the char- acter of the subject in its most attractive fea- tures, but without false idealization. He was highly regarded by contemporaries, having been professor of the Academy of Berlin and mend)er of the academies in .Munich. Saint Petersburg, , twerp. Konu'. and of the Institute of France. He died in Berlin. Consult: Liibke, History of Siiiljilnrc. vol. ii. (London, 1872); Heinrich, Uaiirli. Ificlschel and Drake (Basel. 1884). DRAKE, .lo.sEi'ii Rodman ( 17H.5-1820). An .UK rican poet. He is chielly renuMubered for his poems "The American Flag" and "The Culjjrit Fay," and for the eulogy by his friend Hallcck (see Halleck. Fitz-(heene) . beginning "tJri'en be the turf above thee." Drake was born in New York City, was early left an orphan, and had a hard struggle in his first years, lie managed, however, to study uu'dicinc. grailuating in 181(1, and the same year ni;irricd the daughtci of Henry Eckford. a ship-builder, much to the bettering of his circumstances. The same year also he wrote "The (.ulprit Fay," his longest work, a fanciful poem which aimed to show that American rivers were not unailapted to romance and romantic treatment. In 1818 he went to Europe, ami on his return wrote a series of verse satires for the New York Freniny I'ost on current events. They were done in conjunction with Halleck. and are generally known as The Cronkers. The verses were distinctly witty and very jiopular. In 1819 Drake went to New Orleans to recover his health, Init the following year he died of consumption in New York. The i'uliirit Fay and Other I'ocms (including "The .merican Flag") was published in 183:5. There have been two later editions. The t'r(iak(r verses were collected in 1880. DRAKE, Nathan ( 17fi(i-183n). An English physiciiMi and author. He was born at York, and was educated at Edinburgh. After a short resi- dence at Sudbury he removed, in 1702. to Had- leigh, Suffolk, where he became prominently known as a physician and essayist. He was a versatile and very prolific author. His more im- portant works inclmie: Shakespeare and His Times (1817), in which the accumulated mate- rial of previous editions and annotations was for the tirst time collated and presented in its en- tirety; and On the I'se of Difiitalis in Consumfi- tion (five papers |)ublishcil in the Medical and fhysieal Journal. London. 1700-ISOO). His Lit- erary Hours (1708) were exceedingly popular early in the nineteenth century (4th ed. 1820). DRAKE, Sami'EL Adams ( 1833—). An Amer- ican editor and author, born in Boston, the son of Samuel (iardner Dr:ike. r])on (he outbreak of the Civil War he becauu' inspector and adju- tant-general of the Kansas militia, and in 18(14 brigadier-general. His many works inelmie: Old Landmarks of Boston (1873); .A'rir Fn<iland Leqends and Folk-Lore (I8S4): The Making of the Ureal West (1887) ; The Mnkiny of the Ohio Valleii Slates (1804); The Watch Fires of •?« ( 181)5 1 : )/,i/(/i.<i and Fahles of Today (1900). DRAKE, Samiei. Gakiiner (1798187.5). An rmiiicn) .merican antiipiarian. He was born in Pittsfield, -Mass., was educated in the c(unmon schools, and from 1818 to 1825 taught in u dis-