Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 06.djvu/487

* DOWBT. 421 DOYXE. DOWRY (from doner, AS. dowere, OF. doaire, Tr. iloiiiiiiv, Prov. dotairc. from ML. dolarium, from Lat. dos. dowry: connected with Lat. dare, Gk. 6c66pa!, didonai.'Skt. dO. to give). The prop- erty which the wife brings to the hu^shand as her marriage portion. Though rt'cognized at the common law and often forming in England an important element in the arrangement known as a marriage settlement, it is .scarcely known in the United States, e.cept in Louisiana. There, as in most countries which have adopted the system of the civil law, it constitutes a di.stinct as well as an important form of property. It is given to the husl)and. who has exclusive con- trol and administration of it during marriage, to be employed in defraying the expenses of the family. The wife cannot deprive the husband of its control. On the other hand, he is not allowed to alienate real estate which comes to him as dowry. In the L'nited States, as well as in England, property so contributed by the wife to the common fund, though legally vested in the hu.sband. may be prote<aed by him from the claims of his creditors. Dowry is to be dLs- tinguished from dower, or the common-law right of the wife in the real estate of her husband, with which it is sometimes confounded. See Dov.EE. DOXOIiOGY (ML. doxolor/ia. Gk. So^oXoyta, from .3oJa, doxa, glory, from SoKetf. doleiii, to seem + -Xoyia. -lofiiti. speech, from X^eii', legein, to say) . An ascription of glory or praise to God. Brief expressions of the kind are frequent in the Bible, as Rom, xvi. 27; Eph. iii. 21; -Jude 25: Rev. V. 13; xix. I. Certain special doxologies are used in various liturgies. The Les.seb Doxologv. or Gloria Patri ('-Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost : as it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be. world with- out end. amen" ) seems first to have come into use in the fourtli century, as a profession of faith, in opposition to an Arian formula. It is iised by the Roman Catholic Church at the end of every psalm and canticle, except the Te Deiim and Benedifite. and in all the responsories of the breviary. It is omitted, however, as a song of praise unsuitable to times of mourning, on the last three days of Holy Week and in the office of the dead. The Anglican Church uses it at the end of psalms and canticles. The use of the Greater Doxology, or Gloria in Excfhis (some- times called the angelic hynm, froni its being an expansion of the song of the angels in Luke ii. 14), can be traced back at lea.st to the third century, according to some even to the first. It is used in the beginning of the Roman mass, ex- cept in Advent and Lent, and at all times at the end of the Anglican communion service. The TRf.SAGiox (thriie holy) is tlie seraphic hymn (Isa. vi. .3). The last .stanza of a hymn written by Bishop Thomas Ken (1037-1711), beginning, "Praise God from whom all blessings flow," is commonly called 'the doxologj'' in Protestant churches. DOYXN, dwa'yaN', Gabbiel Fbancols (1720- iHdCii. A French historical painter. He was bom in Paris, where he studied with Carle Van- loo. After obtaining the Grand Prix de Rome (1746), he remained for several years in Italy, studying the works of Carracci, Cortona, and other celebrated masters. In 1767 he produced hi.s celebrated painting, the "Miracle des Ardens" (Saint Rocli, Paris), a work remarkable for the excellence of its drawing and coloring, whose powerfully realistic treatment shows the influence of the Flemish school. Among his best pro<luc- tions may also l» mentioneii: "Death of Saint I.ouis" (Saint Eustache. Paris) : "Triumph of Ampliitrite" (Louvre) ; "Adoration of the Magi" (Darmstadt Museum): ''Diomed Fighting." Doyen is said to have painted to the age of eiglity. DOYLE, Sir Arthlr Conax (18.i9— ). A British novelist, born in Edinburgh, the grand- son of .lohn Doyle, the caricaturist. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, and wa.s a practicing pliysician from 1S82 until ISllO. He early tried his hand at fiction; and, after writing a number of deservedly unsuccessful books, he produced in 1887 .1 .S7»rfi/ in t^cnrlel. in which he created the famous detective, Sher- lock Holmes. Other books of his in which Holmes appears are: The Sign of the Four (1889) ; The Adventures of Sherloek Holmes (1891); The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes (1893): and The Hound of the Baskervilles (1902). In these stories the author displays great ingenuity, in- sight into character, humor, and a power of im- buing his narrative with an atmosphere of fasci- nating mystery, and, at times, of horror: so that the best of the stories may fairly he ranked with the similar productions of Edgar Allan Poe. Doyle also won mucli success by several historical novels: Slicah Clarke (1888) : The White Coni- panif (1890): The Refucrees (1891); TA« Great Sha'doir (1892) : and Rodney Stone (1896). An exceedingly clever book is The Exploits of Briga- dier Gerard (1896), of which the hero is a typi- cal vieux moustache of Xapoleon's Grand Army. Volumes of short .stories which have l)een popular are Round the Red Lamp (1894): The Stark Munro Letters (1895); and The Green Flag (1900). In 1898 appeared a volume of poems entitled Songs of Action: and in 1899 a play called Halves. During the Boer War Dr. Doylc visited South Africa and acted as medical regis- trar of the Langraan Field Hospital. Returning to England, he published a military history, en- titled The Great Boer War. which appeared in 1900, and of which an enlarged edition was is- sued in 1902. Dr. Doyle also wrote a spirited defense of the British policy in South Africa, and this was widely circulated and translated into several languages. As a recognition of his services to the Government, the author was knighted in 1902. DOYLE, Sir Fbaxcis Hastings Charles (1810-88). An English poet. He was born at Xunappleton, near Tadcaster, and was educated at Eton and at Christ Church, Oxford. In 1807 he liecame professor of poetry at Oxford, and held this position for ten years. He published several hooks of verses, his poetic work being chietiy remarkable for his treatment of the ballad. Among his l>eBt productions in this field arc: "The Red Thread of Honor:" "The Private of the Buffs:" and "The Loss of the Birkenhead." DOYLE, JoH.v (1797-1868). An English painter and caricaturist, born in Dublin. He studied first under Gabrielli, then at the Royal Dublin Society's schools, and afterwards under the miniature painter Cumerford^ Some of his portraits were exhibited at the Royal Academy,