Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 06.djvu/461

* DORCHESTEB. 397 DOREMUS. Orthodox;/ (1878) ; Problems of Religious Prog- less (1881); Giving and M'orship (1882); Latest Drink Soiiltistries 'ersiis Total Absti- nence (1883) : The Liquor Problem in All Ages (1884) ; The Why of Methodism (1887) ; Chris- tianity in the United States (1888); and Romanism 'ersus the Public School System (1888). DORDOGNE, tlrii'd6'ny'. A river of south cent 111 I 1-raiuo, loriucd by the junction of tlie Dor and Dogne at the foot of Mont Dore (Jlap: France, (t 7). It tlows west through the depart- ments of CorrCze, Lot. Dordogne. (Jirondc. and joins the Garonne thirteen miles nortli of Bor- deaux. It is about 305 miles long, and navigable to Souillae, about 186 miles. Ocean steamers ascend to Libourne. DORDOGNE. A southwestern department of France, formed of the ancient i'rovince of Peri- gord, with small portions of Limousin, Angou- niois. and Saintonge ( Map : France. G 6 ). Area, 354G square miles. Population, in 1S9G. 4G1,860; in 1901. 448,.545. The surface is hilly, with occa- sional valleys of extraordinary beauty and fer- tility, the borders of which are generally covered with vineyards. There is a deficiency of corn, but a large output of chestnuts. Capital, P6ri- gueux. DORDRECHT, dr.r'dreKt, or DORT. A town of the Netherlands, in the Province of South Holland, situated on an island in the Merwede (Jleuse delta), twelve miles southeast of Rot- terdam (llap: Netherlands, C 3). The town pre- sents a mediaeval appearance, and has a large Gothic Groote Kerk, with a fine nave and tower. The Merwede here forms a spacious harbor. The trade of the town in wine and lumber is con- siderable, and there are tlour-mills and sawmills, iron and salt works, and shipvards. Population, in 1892, 34,12.5: in 1899, 38,386. Dordrecht was founded by Count Dietrich III. of Holland in 1018, and during the Middle Ages it was the foremost commercial town of the country, and a member of the Hanseatic League. The first assembly of the independent States of Holland was held here in 1572. and it was the meeting- place of the famous Synod of Dort (1618-19), which alTirmed the doctrines of Calvin. (See DoRT, Syxod of.) The city was formerly on the mainland, liut was separated from it by the in- unilation of 1421, DORE, dr.'ra', Vavl Gr.ST.WE (1833-83). A French illustrator, painter, and sculptor. He was born at Strassburg, January 6, 1833, the son of an engineer. His talent was very preco- cious. At the age of ten he drew sketches for lithographs, and in his fifteenth year he was regularly employed as an illustrator by the Journal pour Rire, at the same time exhibiting series of pen sketches in the Salons. He bad but little education in art, and the demand for bis designs was too great to allow' him the requisite leisure for technical training. As a caricaturist lie was successful, but he soon ttirned his atten- tion to the illustration of books. His Rabelais Illustrf. which appeared in 1854. established his reputation, and tliis work was followed hy an in- credible number of others, equally famous. He was not only popular in France, hut in the United States and throughout Europe, especially in England, where there was a Don' cult. He worked with amazing f.uility and fecundity, ac- quiring great sums of money through his art. He was made a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor in 1861, and Officer in 1879. He died in Paris, January 23, 1883, Dore's reputation as an artist is due to his illustrations, in which his wonderful imagina- tion, bis dramatic sentiment, and his astonish- ing fcciuulity had opportunity tor full sway. His drawing, however, is often faulty. He uses land- scape with success, especially in order to obtain the weird and gloomy ellccts in which he ex- celled. Sometimes, as, for example, in his last great work, Orlando I'urioso (1880), his imagi- nation runs riot, and his work becomes e,ag- gcrated and bizarre. His chief masterpieces of engraving, besides the Rabelais, mentioned above, are Don Quixote (1863) and Dante's Inferno ( 1801 ), Among the numerous other works which he illustrated were Balzac's Contes Droliitiqucs (1856), Atala (1802), the Bible (1804), and La Fontaine's Fables (1866), He illustrated a num- ber of important works of English literature, among which are Milton's Paradise Lost (1860), Tennyson's Idylls of the King (1867-68), Cole- ridge's Ancient Mariner (1870), and Poe's Raien (1883), Dore aspired to be an historical painter, and, with his accustomed facility, created many works, mostly of colossal proportions. In these his lack of technical training is particularly con- spicuous, especially his faulty drawing and his lack of color sense. The English, however, made n-,uch of his painting, and there was for a long time a permanent exhibition of his pictures in London, His first exhibited canvas was the "Battle of the Alma" (1855), and the best of his paintings are "Francesca da Rimini" and the "Xeophyte" (1868). His large cativases, "Christ Leaving the Prn?tor)um," and "Christ's Entry into Jerusalem," attracted much attention. Dore's landscapes and aquarelles are worse than his figure pieces. In them the artist strives after scintillating effects, but shows no real feel- ing for nature. As a sculptor his technical deficiencies are even more evident. His best-known work is the monument to .ile.^andre Dumas in the Place Malesherbes. Paris. But he was more successful in a colossal va.se, exhibited in the Exposition Universelle of 1878. and now in Golden Gate Park, San Francisco. The vase represents the "Vintage," and is decorated with numerous little figures of geniuses and animals, in which. in a graceful and delightful manner, the artist has expressed his exuberant fantasy. Consult: Delorme, Gustav DorS (Paris, 1870) ; Roosevelt. Life and Reminiscences of Oustao Dori (London, 1885); Jerrold, Life of Gustave Dore; Claretie, Peinlres et seulptcurs eontempo- rains (2d series, Paris, 1884) ; Hamerton. in Fine Arts Quarterly Review, vol. iii, (London, 1864). DOREE. A local name in French-speaking l)arts of Canada for the wall-eyed pike (Stizo- stedion ) . • DORETVETTS, Robert Ogden (1824—). An -Vnierican cbemist. bom in New York City. He graduated in 1842 at the New York I'niversity, 48. established a chemical laboratory in New York in 1848, and graduated from the medical department of the New York University in 1850.
 * iursued studies in chemistry in Paris in 1847-