Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 06.djvu/424

DOLE. President of the newly established Hawaiian Re- pulic, to hold office until 1901. l^residcnl Clove- land's intention of restoring constitutional au- thority to tjueen Liliuokulani was defeated by the action of President Dole. In 1898 he was appointed a niemher of the commission for rif- ommcndini; legislation vcprardinu' Hawaii to the t'ougrcss of the Inited States, ami in 1900. after the annexation, he became Governor of the Terri- tory of Hawaii. DOL'EBITE. See Basalt. DOLES, FfXERAL. See ^Iortiary CrsTOMS. DOLET. d6'y. Etie.nxe (1500-46). A noted French scholar and printer, ]ierhaps the illegiti- mate son of Francis 1. lie was born at Or- leans, studied in Paris, Padua, and Venice, where he wrote Latin love songs. Keturning to France in 1,530, he studied law at Toulouse, but. becom- ing involved in controversy with the authorities, was imprisoned and finally banished. In 15.35 he had a controversy with Erasmus, publishing On the Imitation of'Ciccro (Dialogus de Imitatioue Ciceroniana ), and in 153G issued two folio Com- vieiilttriis on the Latin Lanpuoge (Commcntato- riuni LinguiP Latina;). He then secured from King Francis a general leave to print his own writings for ton years, and began vigorous work at Lyons endeavoring to placate the clergy by his Christian Cttto (Cato Christianus), but irritating them as much perhaps by his Latin Sew Testament as by his French Jiabelnis. He was imjirisoned for fif- teen months, released on the pleading of Ducha- tel, the Bishop of Tulle, again arrested, freed by his own daring ingenuity, again arrested, taken to Paris, and on August ."?, 1540. was branded, tortured, strangled, and burned as an atheist. It was said that he repented in his last moments, but there is no sufficient proof to substantiate this assertion. He was for some time looked upon as a Huguenot martyr, but there is no foundation for reganling him as a Huguenot at all. and Calvin accuses him of atheism. The minutes of Dolet's trial were printed by Tallandier in 1830 from the registers of the Parlement of Paris. Consilt : Poul- mier. Eliiitr.i sur le X'f(me siecle. Klieniic Dolet (Paris. 1875) ; Christie, Etienne Dnlet. the Mar- lyr of the Heiiaissanee (London. 1899) -. and Fir- min-Didot, Essai siir la typnoraphic (Paris. 18.V2). DOLGELLY, dol-gCth'lc (Welsh, dale of hazels). A market town and the capital of ^^c^- ionethsliire. North Wales, on the Wnion, about 00 miles southwest of Chester (^lap; Wales, C 4), It lies in a rich and pieturesqie valley, at the foot of Cader Idris, and during the summer months is much frequented by English and for- eign tourists. It is celebrated as (he place where Owen Olendower held his Parliament in 1404 and signed his treaty with Charles VI. of France. It has iniiMufactures of coarse woolens and flannels. Population, in 1901, 2437. DOLGORTJKI. d61'g6-roo'kt^, Peter Vladimi- BOVITCH (1SO7-08). A Russian author, bom in Moscow. His .A'odVe stir le.i jirinviiMiles fmuilhn de la Riissie (published under the name of <r.l- mngro. 1843) caused his temporary banishment by Czar Nicholas I. T'pon the appearance of his La r(Vi(<' unr la Russie (1800). he was finally exiled from Russia for life. His M/moiren (1807- 71 ) contain much of interest regarding many no- table personages of his day. DOLGOKUKOVA, dul'go-roo'kd-va, Yekateb- l.A .MlKllAU.OV.NA, PmXCESS YlRVEV.sli.yA. (1840^). The favorite of the Russian Cznr, Ale.ander II., who contracted a morganatic mar- riage with her in July, ISSO, after the death of his wife. She bore him a son. Prince (ieorgiy Vuryevskoy (1873). at present in the Rissiau Navy, and two daughters. After the as.sassinal ion of the t'z;ir she removed to Switzerland, and in 1882 jiublished at tieneva, under the pen-name of Victor l.afcrlc, Alerandre II., DiHails inidils sur sa I'ie intime el sa m(}rt. DOLICHOCEPHALY. d0l'i-k6-sef'4-ll. See Antiihoi'omkticv; Man, Scie.nxe of. DOLICHOS, don-kos ( Nco-Lat., from Gk. So?.i. xis, doluhos, long, on accoiuit of the long pods). A genus of plants of the order Loguminostr, closely allied to Phaseolus (see Kidxev-I!e.v. ), from which it is distinguished by tlic extension of the base of the standard so as to embrace the wings of the corolhi at their base. The genus includes a considerable number of spe- cies, some shrubby, some aimual, and some per- ennial herb.accous plants. Some have beautiful flowers, and some of the herbaceous species arc cultivated on account of their seeds, which allord a kind of bean: or of their young pods, which, like those of the kidney-bean, arc boiled for the table. The more important s|)ecies are Dolichos lablab, a native of India and Egypt; Dolichos lubia, a native of Egypt : Doliclios scsquipcdalis, a native of America: Dolichos soya or Soja his- pida (the soy bean), and Dolichos billora (horse gram), natives in India: Dolichos sph^rrosper- mus (ealavana. or dark-eyed pea), a native of the West Indies, In the climate of Great Britain, even the most hardy kinds reqviiro the aid of a little artificial heat," and they are reck- oned inferior to other kinds of beans or garden vegetables of easier cultivation. The well-known Ctiincse sauce or ketchup called Soy is made from the soy bean. Allied to Dolichos is the genus Canavalia, to which belong the sword beans of India. Canavalia cnsiformis. the com- monly cultivated species, has pods two feet long. . othcr allied genus is Psophocarpus. The seeds of Dolichos tetragonolobus are used in the Mau- ritius as beans are in America: and its pods and tuberous roots are common Indian esculents. Some species of Pachyrhizus. also an allied genus, are remarkable for their tuberous roots, as Pachyihizus angulatus, a native of India, now cultivated in South America and other warm countries for its pleasant, turnip-like tubers; and Phaseolus trilobus. which has tubers two feet long and nearly cylindrical, much used as a boiled vegetable in China and Cochin-China. Sec Bean.

DOTAJJIS. (Lat., large jar). A genus of gas- tropod moUusks, Sec Tix-SiiELl,,

DOLL (probably from Doll, abbreviation of Dorothii). A figure representing a baby, which has always been a favorite toy for girls. Dolls have been used from the earliest times an(J among all nations, barbarous as well as civilized, because such tastes and desires spring from that love of nursing and fondling infants implanted by nature in the female character. The mnnufae- ture of dolls is and has always been an industry carried on in the niral districts of Continental Europe, chiefiy by (he peasants in their homes. Factories for the manufacture of dolls have bccm