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DETROIT. to the Americans, who changed its name to Fort Shelby. After this the settlement grew slowly, aud in 1802 was incorporated as a town by the Legislature of the Northwest Territory; but in 1805 it was almost completely destroyed by fire, all the buildings except a warehouse and a bakery being reduced to ashes. On August 16, 1812, the fort was surrendered by General Hull to the English under General Brock. It was evacuated, however, the Americans reoccupying it September 29, 1813. In 1815 Detroit was incorporated as a village, and in 1824 was chartered as a city by the Legislature of Michigan Territory. It was the capital of the Territory from 1805 to 1837, and of the State from 1837 to 1847, when it was supplanted by Lansing.

Consult: Farmer, The History of Detroit and Michigan (Detroit, 1889); Burton, Cadillac's Village, a History of the Settlement, 1701-1710 (Detroit, 1896); chapters in Parkman, A Half Century of Conflict (Boston, 1892) and the Conspiracy of Pontiac (Boston, 1867); various papers in the Michigan Pioneer Collections (Lansing, 1877—); Farmer, “Detroit,” in Historic Towns of the Western States (New York, 1901).  DETROIT. A village and the county-seat of Beaker County, Minn., 194 miles northwest of Minneapolis; on Detroit Lake and on the Northern Pacific Railroad (Map:, C 4). It is in a picturesque lake region, with mineral springs, and good hunting and fishing, and therefore popular as a summer resort. Agriculture is the principal industry. Population, in 1890, 1510; in 1900, 2060.  DETROIT RIVER. A river or strait connecting lakes Saint Clair and Erie, flowing nearly west to Detroit and then south, and separating Michigan from Ontario, Canada. It is so called from the French word meaning strait. It is about twenty-two miles long; from one-half to three miles wide, of considerable depth, swift in current; and admits the largest vessels. It is the great waterway, with the Saint Clair lake and river, from Lakes Superior, Michigan, and Huron to Lake Erie. More tonnage of shipping is estimated to pass through this river than through any other stream in the world. There are many islands along its course, and the scenery is very beautiful. See.  DETROYAT, , (1829-98). A French naval officer, journalist, and author, born at Bayonne (Basses-Pyrénées). He studied at the Ecole Navale, took part in the Crimean War, and in the subsequent expedition to China, and accompanied to Mexico the Archduke Maximilian, of whose ill-fated empire he was appointed Under-Secretary of State for Naval Affairs, and chief of the military cabinet. During the Franco-Prussian War he was for a time in command of the camp at La Rochelle. From 1866 to 1869 he was a member of the staff of La Liberté, which he edited from 1869 to 1876. He subsequently founded Le Bon Sens, and L'Estafette, the latter a conservative and Bonapartist journal, and in 1885-86 he edited the Constitutionnel. His works include the following diversified titles: La cour de Rome et l'empereur Maximilien (Paris, 1867); Du recrutement, de l'organisation et de l'instruction de l'armée française (1871); Le sénat et le scrutin de liste (1881); Nos possessions françaises en Indo-Chine

(1887); and Les chemins de fer en Amérique (1886).  DETTINGEN, (Teut., ‘the people's home,’ from OHG. diot, diota, MHG. diet, Goth. þiuda, AS. þēod, people + ingen, the patronymic suffix). A village in Bavaria (Lower Franconia), on the right bank of the Main. It is noted as the scene of a battle during the War of the Austrian Succession, June 27, 1743. George II. of England headed the armies of the Allies, and this was the last occasion in which a King of England appeared in person on the field. Cooped up in a narrow valley, 37,000 English, Hanoverian, and Hessian troops lay, surrounded by 60,000 French on the heights. Noailles's cannon swept the flank and rear of the Allies, and the only exit from the valley, the defile of Dettingen, was held by young De Grammont with 25,000 men. Had he waited for the Allies to advance through the narrow pass, victory would have been assured; but, impatiently charging upon them, he was thrown back with slaughter and confusion. The French loss amounted to 6000 men; that of the Allies to 2000. Consult Steiner, Beschreibung der Schlacht von Dettingen (Darmstadt, 1834).  DEUCA′LION (Gk. ). According to the Greek myth, a son of Prometheus, grandson of Japetus, and husband of Pyrrha. The crimes of the race of men then living led Zeus to destroy them in a great flood, but Deucalion, warned by his father, saved himself and his wife in a chest, which floated for nine days on the waters, and then grounded on Mount Othrys in Thessaly. Other and later versions made Deucalion land on Mount Parnassus, or Athos, or even Etna. Deucalion and Pyrrha now offered up sacrifices to Zeus Phyxius, i.e. Zeus, the protector of fugitives, and when Zeus through Hermes promised to grant his wish, he begged for human companions. Bidden to throw the ‘bones of their mother,’ i.e. the stones of the earth, over their shoulders, they obeyed, and the stones thrown by Deucalion became men, and those by Pyrrha women. The story of Deucalion seems to have sprung up near Dodona, or in Thessaly, where he was said to have settled after the flood, and thence spread over the Greek world. His grave was shown at Athens, where he was said to have founded the temple of Olympian Zeus. Through his son (q.v.), he became the ancestor of the Greeks. Though many details of the story are late, some of the features were known to the Hesiodic poetry. Consult Usener, Die Sintflutsagen (Bonn, 1899).  DEUCHER,, (1831—). A Swiss statesman. He was born at Steekborn, Canton of Thurgau, and studied medicine at Heidelberg, Zurich, Prague, and Vienna. In 1855 he became a member of the council of his canton, and in 1868 he served as a member of the council established to formulate a new democratic constitution for Thurgau. From 1869 to 1873 he was a member of the National Council of Switzerland, and, three years after his reëlection to that body became its President (1882). In 1883 he became a member of the Federal Council, and in 1886 was elected President of the Swiss Confederacy, serving until 1887. He was reëlected to that office in 1897.