Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 06.djvu/122

* DELFF. 92 DELHI. DELFF. Hriio Heinkkii Karl (1840-U8). A »;..rinan i.liilusopliital wrilt-r, born al llusuiii in Scl SJ. After Mu.l.ving at ^-vcral Uorn.an un.^ ver'ilit- lu- cl.o.e l,ook-«-lling as a n.oans of earnh • .i^ liv.-lil.ooJ, but devot.-d uU lus leisure o 1 ilosopliieal studies. His most ..uyurlant lh.„J>'ien ,nul ilcr That (2 vols., If'"^ .-^'^ (KHSti) ; and y^.i.s- ii<'-(f Eiangcliuin (1890). DELFT (Duteh, ditched: connceted with AS. dalf ditch, from delfan, Duteh dcU-e.., to dig, onli Lullan, to bury, Engl. ,/Wre) A qua.n old toNvn of the Netherlands, situated on tie Schie about si.x miles southeast of 1 he Hague and about eight miles northwest of Kotterdam rlap: NetheHands, C 2). It .s mtersected by ^um'erous canals lined with trees and con a ns a number of interesting buildings. 1 he 1 1 .n> hof. now <.onv,.rted into a museu.n i» noted as the place where William I. of Orange- was a sassinated on .July 10. .1584 The Oude Kerk a Gothic structure, dating from the htte^n h century, contains monuments of tamous Dutch- men including one of Admiral 1 romp. lie Gothic Neuwe'-Kerk, dating from the.fourU-cn U century, is surmounted by a tower 3.o feel high, contain ng 500 bells. The church contains the family yault of the House of Nassau, tl-e ".auso^ hum "of William I., and the remains of Hugo rotius, a native of Delft, who has also been commemorated by a bronze statue. Ihe town hall dates from 1018, and contains some inter^ ^:in.- paintings. The educational inst. utions of Delft include a polytechnical schoo. with oNcr TOO students, and a training school for colonial famous for its earthenware, known as Delft w:^ e, and made in imitation of Chinese and .Tananese porcelains. This in.lustry. afte a r,^riod of complete decline, has been 'evived of late Delft contains arms and ammunition fae- • tories and carpct-miUs. The town was founded in the eleventh century, and vns alnu.sl U.- stroved in 15:i0 by a fire, and in 16.14 by the ev- plosion of a powder-magazine. Population, in HIOO. :!l..")S!l. DELFTSHAVEN. delftshii'vcn. An old town in South Holland, since 1880 unitel to Rot- terdam (q.v.). The Pilgrim lathers emt""]:,'.^ „t Delflshaven for Southampton. .Tuly 22. 120. DELGADA, del-gil'da. See Ponta Delgaha. DEL 'HI .lel'K-. A division in the Punjab. British India (q.v.). It is divided into s..ven districts, has an area of 15,M0 square miles, and s mainlv agricultur.il. Capit.al. l>l!r;^ P-^P-l^" tion in ism, 4.4.ir,,O0O; in IHOI. 4.:.H,,000. DELHI or DEHLI. A city of Indm. eapi- t-,1 of the division and the district of Delhi in the Punjab (Map: India. C .3). It is s,tu;,ted on the ri"ht bank of the .Tumna. in latitude -8 30' X.. and longitude 77° 17' E.. 054 miles and 870 miles bv rail, respwtively. from (^»"<;""a and Pombay. It is partially surrounded by strong walls with bastions and ramparts. The KuroiK-an quarter is senarated from the rest of the citv bv a canal. The streets in the native citv are, with a few exceptions, narrow, crooked nmi far from clean. The moLiifs pahu'O. once one of the most sumptuous architectural monuments in the F.ast, of which only a few buildings are left -till shows some traces of Oriental splen- dor' Ihc .lunima Musjid. the principal mosque, ^ is re..arded as one of the noteworthy buildings of it"^ kind in India, both on account of its dimensions and architecture. It was eom- inenccd in the seventwnth century by Shah .lehan. It has line gateways, siirinounled by minarets and massive doors decorated with brass arabes<iues. Other interesting mosques are those of Koshanudaulah. situated m the centre of the Chaiulni Chauk, the i.rincipal tliorough- fare of Delhi, and surmounted by three gilt domes: the Katchpuri Mosque, dating from tlie soventei-nth century; and the Kalan J usjid, datiii- from the fourteenth century, and con- siderc'l as a typical example of the architecture of that period. The Delhi College, founded in 1702, was closed in 1S77, and its valuable endow- ment transferred to the more central institution of Lahore, but a number of native educational institutions remain, and luinieruus books m the Persian. Arabic, and Hindu languages are pub- lished al Delhi., . The citv carries on an extensive trade in gram, and its bazaars arc well stock.d with shawls, costly embroidered stuffs, and jewelry. Delhi is an iniportant railway as widl as a linancial centre Since the demolition of part of the walls, the citv has begun to assume a more European aspi>ct. and it now has giMid ligl.t- in" a drainage system, and a good water-supply. PoT.ulation. in ISOl. 102.580; in 1001, 208.3S5. More than one-half of the inhabitants are Hindus and about two-tifllis arc .Mohammedans. The citv of Indraprastha (ancient Delhi), un- rivaled in its splendor among the cities of India was situated on the opposite bank of the river Its original foundations are supposed to date from the lifteenlh century n.c. Its remains cover an area of about thirty miles m circum- ference. The authentic history of Delhi begins in 1103. when the city was taken by the Moham- medans. It was the centre of a mighty Mo- hammedan monarchy until it wa-s con.iuered in 1308 by Timur. In l.'^2U Delhi was taken by Sultan 'Balier, who removed the capital to Agra, but under his son Delhi regained its former rank In the latter part of the sixteenth century the city fell almost into iitlfr decay, as the capi- tal of "the State was either at .gia or I.ahoi.'. Shah .Tehan began the building of the nio<lern city in lli:l8. an.l some of the first edifices of IVlhi 1h' Ion" to that period. At the beginning of the eigh teenth centurv the decline of the Mogul empire affected also the city of Delhi. In 1730 it was captured by the Persians, and, ns a result of an attack bv"the natives on the invading army, many of "the inhabitants were massacred ami the citv "was despoil.'d of some of its tiiiesl treasures, including the IVacock Thnme an.l the Koh-i Niir diam.nid. In 17S0 Delhi was captured by t le Mahrallas. in whos<. |.o.-session it remained until 1S03, when it was taken by Lord Lake, and has since remained in the possession of the lirit|..h The uprising of 18.>7, and the sul>s.-quent siege of the city, form some of the most stirring events in the "history of the Prilish occupation of India. The invasion" of the city by a handful ot rebel_s from (he cantonment of Meerut on May 10. 1«J., was a sigmil for a general uprishig in the city, ns well as in northwestern India, an.' the rebels were soon joined by the native troops. The Euro-
 * Z.ial". In former times Delft was especnUly