Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 06.djvu/104

* DE KOVEN. 80 DELACROIX. New York and afterwards to Wasliinjitoii. His scores are melodious and show relini-uient of instrumental eolorinj; and harmony. His great- est success lias been U'obiii lluud (1890), a thor- oughly delightful work of its kind. Others among his light operas are: The licgum (1887) ; The Fencing Mnslcr (1S!I2): l{ob Roy (1804); The lliiihirni/mun ( IS'.tT I : The Three Draijuons ( 189!M "; I'oTii Qtiiller ( 11100) ; and .1/aid llarian (1901). He has also composed many songs, sev- eral of which have become well known. DELABARRE-DUPARCQ', dc liiliiir' dy'- piirk'. Nkulas Ki>oi .Mill (ISl'Ji)3). A French military critic and historian, l>orn at Saint Cloud. Seine-et-Uise. He studied at the Eeole Polytechnique, and in 1849 was appointed pro- fessor of military history at the College of Saint- Cyr. Having entered llie engineers in 1841, he rose in 1871 to the rank of colonel, and was retired in 1879. He wrote, in addition to nu- merous memoirs for the Academy of Moral and Political Sciences, Biogrophie et muxinics de Maurice de Saxe (ISSi); Portraits mililaires, Esquisses historiqiies et stratcgiqties t2 vols., 1853-55); Les chiens de guerre (1867); iZi.s- foire de Henri /V., roi de France et de yavarrc I 1884 ) ; and many other works. DE LA BECHE, de h bSsli, Sir Henry Thom.vs (1790- 185.')). A distinguished British geologist. He was born near London, and educat- ed at the military school at Great Marlowe. He entered the army in 1814, but .soon retired from public service to take up the study of science. For several years he traveled through Kngland, France, and Switzerland, examining the geologi- cal lornuitions and gaining a knowledge of mineralogy and petrography. His researches were the bases of frequent contributions to the Transact louK of the (leulogieul i<ocicli/, in which he displayed great scientific ability. He was the first to conceive the plan of making a detailed geological map of England, a task he commenced upon his own responsibility; in 1832 the expense of this work was assumed by the Government, and De la licehe was appointed director. He labored for many years to establish the survey on a successful basis, and he was also concerned in founding a geological nuiseiun and a school of mines in London. The list of his publications inchules many books recognized as standard works of reference and numerous papers con- tributed to scientific journals; among the more important are the following: Manual of Geology (1831); Kr'tearches in Theoretical Geology (1834); Ilcfiort on the Geology of Cornirall, Itcion, and West ftomcrsct (1839); On the Formation of the Rocks of South Wales (1840) ; and Geological Observer (1853). De la Beehe was elected president of the Geological Society of London in 1847. and in 1855 he received the Wollaston medal from the same society. His distinguished services wen- also awarded by the bestowal of knighthood and by numerous marks of hiiMor friMU foreign societies. DELABORDE. d<-lft'brtrd'. Henri, Count (1811-99I. A liench art critic and historical painter, born in Itennes. son of Count Ilci.ri Vr.ii.cois Delaborile. He studii-il for some time in Paris with l)<-laroehe, and afterwartls produced historical pictures of a rather ccmventional type. Among them are: "Hagar in the Dcserl" (1830) ; "Saint Augustine" (1837) ; and "The Knights of Saint John of Jerusalem" (1845), at Versailles. But he is known priiicipalK as a critic of art. Besides his writings, as perpetual secretary of the Academie dcs UeauxArts, he contributed to the Revue des Deux Mondes and other periodicals. These articles have been collected as Melanges sur I'art content /lurain (1800), and Ftudes sur les beaux-arls en France t / en Italic ( 1804 I . He also assisted Charles Blanc in preparing his History of Painters, and published, among other volumes, Ingres, sa rie, ses trauvaux, sa doctrine (1870) ; Leitrcs et pcnsces d'Hip/iolyle Flandrin (1865) ; OMird Edelinek (1880); "/.a gravure (1882); and La gravure en Italic (1883). He became an oliicer of the Legion of Honor in 1870. DELABORDE, Henki Krax<.ois (1764-1830), Count. A I'rcnih soldier, born in Paris. He suc- cessively became a brigadier-general, chief of stafT, and commander in Corsica. As a general of divi- sion he conducted the camjiaigns in the Pyrenees ( 1794) and on the Hhine. In 181'2 he was a gen- eral of division in Mortier's "Jeunc Garde." which fought so g-,llaiitly in the Uussian campaign. Upon the return of Napoleon from Elba he again espoused the eau.se of the Eniix>ror. With the advent of the Restoration he was brought before a military tribunal (September, 1816), but ac- quitted. DELACROIX, dc-l4'krwii', Feruixand Victor KiGi NE ( IT-'l' 1803). A l-'reiich ])ainlcr. an im- portant leader of the modern Romantic School. He was born at Charenton-Saint-ilaurice, near Paris, April 20, 1799. Cnder the Directory his father had been Minister of Foreign AH'airs and had held other ollices of honor. He irtismanaged the fain ily property, and the son had to struggle hard for an existence. He entered the studio of Gui-rin, when he was eighteen years old. and there l>e- eame the friend of Gericault. Delacroix might have received academic honors if he had not, with Gericault and others, diverged from the classicism of the school of David and joined the Romantic School, of which he became the recognized leader. He first exhibited in 1822 "Charon's Bark Crossingthe Acheron." This work made a great impression, was purchased for the Luxembourg Gallery, and is now in the Louvre. His "Massacre of Chios," exhibited in 1824, and now in the Louvre, caused an even greater sen- sation. Indeed, it may be termed a manifesto of the new Romantic School. The types were in- dividual and characteristic instead of general and typical, as in the Classic School. Ilie old ideas of composition were altogether disregarded, and the scene portrayed was one of gloomy hor- ror ;ind pnthos. The painter was ae<'iiscd of worshiping the hideous instead of the Ix-autiful, an<l his picture was dubbed "The Massacre of Painting." Its sale, however, enabled him to visit England in 1825. and further to increase his knowledge of the English colorists, by whom he had ain'ady been inlliicnced. During this visit he acquired his life lonL' fondness for Eng- lish literal lire, especially for Byron, Scott, and Shakespeare, whom along with (Joclhe he pre- ferred to the more classic authors of his own country. In 1832 he was sent as a member of an embassy lo Morocco, and he also visited Spain and .lgiers. These travels enriched his palette with bright colors, and his Oriental subie<.-ts brought him great popularity. Ni'ver- thciess, he was unforlunate in selling pictures.